This is an actual rupture of the GB wall seen in 5-10% of acute cholecystitis cases and can occur at any stage of acute cholecystitis.
2.
GB perforation should be suspected if a localized fluid collection is seen within the GB bed.
A. 
True
B. 
False
3.
What are the 3 typed of GB perforation:
4.
________ perforation is a free perforation that results in generalized peritonitis. It is a very irritating substance that results in _______ of peritoneal membrane.
5.
This is the MOST COMMON form of perforation and is characterized by a localized rupture that results in the formation of a pericholecystic abscess.
6.
This type of perforation results in an internal abnormal fistula formation or perforation into an adjacent hollow viscous. It is seen with Bouveret's syndrome
7.
___________ Syndrome is an obstruction of the stomach or duodenum caused by a gallstone that has migrated through a fistula.
8.
In the sonographic appearance of GB perforation, it is common to see an abscess adjacent to the GB with subacute involvement.
A. 
True
B. 
False
9.
Clinical and lab data of GB perforation:
A. 
Leukocytosis
B. 
Similar to calculous cholecystitis
C. 
Fever
D. 
Similar to acalculous cholecystitis
10.
What are the 2 treatments involved with GB perforation:
11.
_________ cholecystitis is the MOST COMMON form of symptomatic GB disease almost always associated with stones.
12.
Patients with chronic cholecystitis complain of recurrent biliary ______ that lasts for several hours and is caused by transient ___________ of the GB neck or by a stone in the cystic duct.
13.
What are the 3 complications of chronic cholecystitis:
14.
"WES" stands for _____ ______ _________.
15.
The "WES" triad is also known as the "_______ _____ _________" sign.
16.
With chronic cholecystitis, an enlarged GB is seen with thickened walls.
A. 
True
B. 
False
17.
A positive "WES" sign may be identified with chronic cholecystitis.
A. 
True
B. 
False
18.
Clinical and lab data of chronic cholecystitis:
A. 
Nausea and/or vomiting
B. 
Jaundice
C. 
RUQ pain
D. 
History of fatty food intolerance
E. 
Increased ALP, bilirubin, ALT and AST
19.
This is a calcification of the GB wall and is associated with gallstones and chronic cholecystitis.
20.
There is an increased risk of gallbladder cancer with a porcelain GB.
A. 
True
B. 
False
21.
Bouveret's syndrome is also known as _________ ______.
22.
This is an obstruction of the stomach or duodenum caused by a gallstone that has migrated through a fistula.
23.
Sonographic appearance of porcelain GB:
A. 
Curvilinear echogenic structures within the GB fossa with posterior acoustic enhancement
B. 
Irregular wall with areas of echo densities and shadowing
C. 
Pneumobilia
24.
Bouveret's syndrome occurs with longstanding untreated acute cholecystitis.
A. 
True
B. 
False
25.
Sono appearance of gallstone ileus:
A. 
Empty GB
B. 
Small contracted GB with gas
C. 
Pneumobilia
D. 
GB with stones and sludge
E. 
Stones may be visible in bowel with dilatation of the proximal bowel
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