Fundamentals Of The Nervous System And Nervous Tissue
Quiz on the fundamentals of the nervous system and the nervous tissue. This is prep for the next test and practical.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The master controlling and communicating system of the body?
- A.
Nervous System
- B.
Skeletal System
- C.
Muscular System
- D.
Lymphatic System
Correct Answer
A. Nervous SystemExplanation
The nervous system is responsible for controlling and coordinating all the activities of the body. It consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, which transmit signals between different parts of the body. The nervous system allows us to sense and respond to our environment, control our movements, and regulate bodily functions such as breathing, digestion, and heart rate. It plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and ensuring the proper functioning of all other systems in the body.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What are the functions of the nervous system?
- A.
Sensory Input, Integration, Motor Output
- B.
Integration, memory, carry messages
- C.
Conscious Control, Sensory, Command Center
- D.
Carry Messages, Command Center, Stimuli Response
Correct Answer
A. Sensory Input, Integration, Motor OutputExplanation
The functions of the nervous system include sensory input, integration, and motor output. Sensory input involves receiving information from the environment through the senses. Integration refers to the processing and interpretation of this information in the brain and spinal cord. Finally, motor output involves the response of the body to the processed information, resulting in actions or movements.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Monitoring stimuli?
- A.
Sensory Input
- B.
Integration
- C.
Motor Output
Correct Answer
A. Sensory InputExplanation
Sensory input refers to the process of receiving information from the external environment or internal body systems through the senses. This includes the reception of stimuli such as sound, light, touch, taste, and smell. Monitoring stimuli is a crucial aspect of sensory input as it involves constantly being aware of and gathering information about the surrounding environment. It allows individuals to perceive and interpret sensory information, which is then used for further processing and response through integration and motor output.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Interpretation of sensory input?
- A.
Integration
- B.
Motor Output
- C.
Sensory Input
Correct Answer
A. IntegrationExplanation
Integration refers to the process of combining and interpreting sensory input from various sources to create a cohesive understanding of the environment. It involves the brain's ability to analyze and synthesize information from the senses, such as sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell. Through integration, the brain can make sense of the sensory input and generate appropriate responses and actions. This process is crucial for perception, cognition, and motor coordination.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Response to Stimuli?
- A.
Motor Output
- B.
Sensory Input
- C.
Integration
Correct Answer
A. Motor OutputExplanation
Motor output is the correct answer because it refers to the response or action produced by an organism in response to stimuli. When an organism receives sensory input, it processes and integrates that information, and then produces a motor output, which is the physical or behavioral response to the stimuli. This process is essential for an organism to interact with its environment and adapt to changes.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Brain and spinal cord, integration and command center?
- A.
Central Nervous System
- B.
Peripheral Nervous System
Correct Answer
A. Central Nervous SystemExplanation
The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, which are responsible for integrating and processing information from the sensory organs and initiating appropriate responses. It acts as the command center of the body, coordinating and controlling all bodily functions. The peripheral nervous system, on the other hand, consists of nerves that extend from the central nervous system to the rest of the body, transmitting information to and from the brain and spinal cord.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Paired spinal and cranial nerves, carries messages to and from the spinal cord and brain?
- A.
Peripheral Nervous System
- B.
Central Nervous System
Correct Answer
A. Peripheral Nervous SystemExplanation
The peripheral nervous system consists of paired spinal and cranial nerves that transmit messages to and from the spinal cord and brain. It is responsible for connecting the central nervous system to the rest of the body, allowing for the transmission of sensory information from the body to the brain and the motor commands from the brain to the muscles and organs. The central nervous system, on the other hand, includes the brain and spinal cord and is responsible for processing and coordinating information received from the peripheral nervous system.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What are the 2 functional divisions of the PNS?
- A.
Sensory (afferent division), Motor (efferent division)
- B.
Somatic, Autonomic
- C.
Stimuli, Response
- D.
Control, Communicate
Correct Answer
A. Sensory (afferent division), Motor (efferent division)Explanation
The two functional divisions of the PNS are the sensory (afferent division) and the motor (efferent division). The sensory division is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the body to the central nervous system, while the motor division is responsible for transmitting motor commands from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Carry impulses from skin, skeletal muscles, and joints to the brain?
- A.
Sensory Afferent Fibers
- B.
Motor Efferent Division
Correct Answer
A. Sensory Afferent FibersExplanation
Sensory afferent fibers are responsible for carrying impulses from the skin, skeletal muscles, and joints to the brain. These fibers transmit sensory information such as touch, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system. This allows the brain to receive and process sensory input, enabling us to perceive and respond to our environment. The motor efferent division, on the other hand, is responsible for carrying impulses from the brain to the muscles and glands, controlling voluntary and involuntary movements.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Transmit impulses from visceral organs to the brain?
- A.
Visceral Afferent Fibers
- B.
Sensory Afferent Fibers
Correct Answer
A. Visceral Afferent FibersExplanation
Visceral afferent fibers are responsible for transmitting impulses from the visceral organs to the brain. These fibers carry sensory information from the internal organs, such as the heart, lungs, and digestive system, to the central nervous system. This allows the brain to receive feedback and information about the state and function of these organs. Sensory afferent fibers, on the other hand, transmit sensory information from the body's external environment to the brain.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which division of the PNS contain Sensory and Visceral afferent fibers?
- A.
Sensory
- B.
Motor
Correct Answer
A. SensoryExplanation
The division of the PNS that contains sensory and visceral afferent fibers is the Sensory division. This division is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the body to the central nervous system, allowing us to perceive and respond to various stimuli. Sensory afferent fibers carry information from sensory receptors in the body, such as touch, temperature, and pain, while visceral afferent fibers transmit information from internal organs. The Motor division, on the other hand, is responsible for transmitting motor commands from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Transmit impulses from the CNS to effector organs?
- A.
Motor (Efferent) Division
- B.
Sensory (Afferent Division)
Correct Answer
A. Motor (Efferent) DivisionExplanation
The motor (efferent) division of the nervous system is responsible for transmitting impulses from the central nervous system (CNS) to effector organs. Effector organs include muscles and glands, and the motor division controls their activity. This division carries signals that initiate and control voluntary movements as well as involuntary responses. In contrast, the sensory (afferent) division transmits impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS, allowing us to perceive and interpret sensory information.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What are the 2 main parts of the Motor Division?
- A.
Somatic Nervous System, Autonomic Nervous System
- B.
Sensory, Visceral
Correct Answer
A. Somatic Nervous System, Autonomic Nervous SystemExplanation
The motor division of the nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary and involuntary movements. It is divided into two main parts: the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements, such as skeletal muscle contractions, while the autonomic nervous system controls involuntary movements, such as heart rate and digestion. Therefore, the correct answer is the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Conscious control of skeletal muscles?
- A.
Somatic Nervous System
- B.
Autonomic Nervous System
Correct Answer
A. Somatic Nervous SystemExplanation
The somatic nervous system is responsible for the conscious control of skeletal muscles. This system allows us to voluntarily move our muscles and perform actions such as walking, talking, and writing. It is under our conscious control, meaning that we can decide when and how to move our skeletal muscles. The autonomic nervous system, on the other hand, controls involuntary actions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Regulates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands?
- A.
Autonomic Nervous System
- B.
Somatic Nervous System
Correct Answer
A. Autonomic Nervous SystemExplanation
The autonomic nervous system is responsible for regulating the activity of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. It controls involuntary actions such as heart rate, digestion, and perspiration. The somatic nervous system, on the other hand, controls voluntary movements and sensory information. Therefore, the autonomic nervous system is the correct answer for this question.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Contain the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions?
- A.
Autonomic Nervous System
- B.
Somatic Nervous System
Correct Answer
A. Autonomic Nervous SystemExplanation
The autonomic nervous system consists of two divisions: the sympathetic division and the parasympathetic division. These divisions work together to regulate the involuntary functions of the body. The sympathetic division is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, increasing heart rate and blood pressure, while the parasympathetic division promotes relaxation and digestion. Together, these divisions maintain a balance in the body's internal environment. The somatic nervous system, on the other hand, controls voluntary movements and sensory perception.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What are the two principal cell types of the nervous system?
- A.
Dendrites, Axons
- B.
Neurons, Supporting Cells
- C.
Neuroglia, Astrocytes
- D.
Microglia, Ependymal
Correct Answer
B. Neurons, Supporting CellsExplanation
The two principal cell types of the nervous system are neurons and supporting cells. Neurons are responsible for transmitting electrical signals and are the primary functional units of the nervous system. Supporting cells, also known as neuroglia, provide structural support, insulation, and nourishment to neurons. They also play a role in maintaining the overall health and functioning of the nervous system.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Excitable cells that transmit electrical signals?
- A.
Neuroglia
- B.
Neurons
- C.
Astrocytes
- D.
Microglia
Correct Answer
B. NeuronsExplanation
Neurons are excitable cells that transmit electrical signals in the nervous system. They are specialized cells that have the ability to receive, process, and transmit information through electrical and chemical signals. Neurons play a crucial role in the communication and functioning of the nervous system, allowing for the transmission of sensory information, motor control, and cognitive processes. Neuroglia, astrocytes, and microglia are other types of cells in the nervous system, but they do not transmit electrical signals like neurons do.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Cells that surround and wrap neurons?
- A.
Microglia
- B.
Supporting Cells
- C.
Neuroglia
- D.
Astrocytes
Correct Answer
B. Supporting CellsExplanation
Supporting cells, also known as neuroglia, are a type of cells that surround and wrap neurons. They provide structural support and insulation to neurons, helping to maintain their proper functioning. Astrocytes, which are a type of supporting cells, specifically play a crucial role in regulating the chemical environment around neurons and providing them with nutrients. Microglia, on the other hand, are immune cells in the central nervous system that help protect neurons from infections and injury. Therefore, the correct answer is Supporting Cells.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Cells that provide a supportive scaffolding for neurons, segregate and insulate neurons, guide young neurons to the proper connections, promote health and growth?
- A.
Ependymal Cells
- B.
Neuroglia
- C.
Astrocytes
- D.
Microglia
Correct Answer
B. NeurogliaExplanation
Neuroglia is the correct answer because it refers to a group of cells in the nervous system that provide support and insulation for neurons. They also guide young neurons to their proper connections and promote their health and growth. Neuroglia includes various types of cells, such as astrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells, which all play different roles in supporting and maintaining the functioning of neurons.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Most abundant versatile and highly branched glial cells, they cling to neurons and their synaptic endings, and cover capillaries?
- A.
Oligodendrocytes
- B.
Astrocytes
- C.
Microglia
- D.
Ependymal Cells
Correct Answer
B. AstrocytesExplanation
Astrocytes are the most abundant, versatile, and highly branched glial cells in the central nervous system. They have numerous processes that extend and wrap around neurons and their synaptic endings, forming a physical and functional connection between neurons and blood vessels. Astrocytes also play a crucial role in regulating the chemical environment around neurons, providing structural support, and participating in the formation and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier. Therefore, astrocytes are the correct answer for the given question.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Support and brace neurons, anchor neurons to their nutrient supplies, guide migration of young neurons, control the chemical environment?
- A.
Oligodendrocytes
- B.
Astrocytes
- C.
Microglia
- D.
Ependymal Cells
Correct Answer
B. AstrocytesExplanation
Astrocytes are a type of glial cell in the central nervous system that perform various functions. They support and brace neurons, providing structural support to the nervous tissue. They also anchor neurons to their nutrient supplies, ensuring that they receive the necessary nutrients for proper functioning. Astrocytes guide the migration of young neurons during development, helping them reach their appropriate locations. Additionally, they contribute to controlling the chemical environment by regulating the levels of ions and neurotransmitters. Therefore, astrocytes are responsible for all the mentioned functions, making them the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Phagocytes that monitor the health of neurons?
- A.
Schwann Cells
- B.
Microglia
- C.
Ependymal Cells
- D.
Oligodendrocytes
Correct Answer
B. MicrogliaExplanation
Microglia are a type of phagocyte that monitor the health of neurons. They are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system and play a crucial role in immune defense and maintaining brain homeostasis. Microglia constantly survey the brain for any signs of damage, infection, or abnormality. When they detect any abnormalities, they become activated and phagocytose (engulf and digest) cellular debris, pathogens, and dead neurons. This helps in clearing out any potential threats and promoting the overall health and function of neurons.Rate this question:
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- 24.
They line the central cavities of the brain and spinal column?
- A.
Satellite Cells
- B.
Ependymal Cells
- C.
Oligodendrocytes
- D.
Schwann Cells
Correct Answer
B. Ependymal CellsExplanation
Ependymal cells are a type of glial cells that line the central cavities of the brain and spinal column. They play a crucial role in the production and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which provides essential nutrients and protection to the brain and spinal cord. Ependymal cells also help in the movement of CSF through the ventricles of the brain. Their location and function make them the correct answer for this question.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Branched cells that wrap CNS nerve fibers?
- A.
Neurons
- B.
Oligodendrocytes
- C.
Schwann Cells
- D.
Satellite Cells
Correct Answer
B. OligodendrocytesExplanation
Oligodendrocytes are a type of glial cell in the central nervous system (CNS) that play a crucial role in insulating and protecting nerve fibers. They form myelin sheaths, which are layers of fatty material that wrap around CNS nerve fibers, allowing for faster and more efficient transmission of electrical signals. Neurons, on the other hand, are the primary cells responsible for transmitting information in the nervous system. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell found in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that serve a similar function to oligodendrocytes, but in the PNS. Satellite cells are another type of glial cell found in the PNS that provide support and protection to neurons.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Surround fibers of the PNS?
- A.
Neuroglia
- B.
Schwann Cells (Neurolemmocytes)
- C.
Satellite Cells
- D.
Neurons
Correct Answer
B. Schwann Cells (Neurolemmocytes)Explanation
Schwann cells, also known as neurolemmocytes, are the correct answer because they are responsible for surrounding and supporting the nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). These cells form a protective covering called the myelin sheath around the nerve fibers, which helps with the conduction of nerve impulses. Schwann cells also play a role in nerve regeneration and provide metabolic support to the neurons. Therefore, they are an essential component of the PNS and are responsible for the proper functioning of the peripheral nerves.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Surround neuron cell bodies with ganglia?
- A.
Astrocytes
- B.
Satellite Cells
- C.
Neurons
- D.
Neuroglia
Correct Answer
B. Satellite CellsExplanation
Satellite cells are a type of glial cells that surround and support neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system. They are found in ganglia, which are clusters of neuron cell bodies outside the central nervous system. These satellite cells provide structural support, regulate the exchange of nutrients and waste products, and help maintain the proper environment for neuronal function.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Their plasma membrane function in electrical signaling, cell-to-cell signaling during development?
- A.
Processes
- B.
Dendrites
- C.
Neurons (Nerve Cells)
- D.
Soma
Correct Answer
C. Neurons (Nerve Cells)Explanation
Neurons, also known as nerve cells, have a plasma membrane function in electrical signaling and cell-to-cell signaling during development. The plasma membrane of neurons contains ion channels and receptors that are responsible for generating and transmitting electrical signals, allowing for communication between different parts of the nervous system. Additionally, during development, neurons undergo processes such as axon growth and synapse formation, which involve cell-to-cell signaling to establish proper connections within the nervous system. Therefore, neurons are the correct answer as they play a crucial role in these functions.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Contains the nucleus and a nucleolus, the major biosynthetic center, the focal point for the outgrowth of neuronal processes, has no centrioles, has well developed Nissl bodes, contains an axon hillock?
- A.
Dendrites
- B.
Axons
- C.
Soma
- D.
Processes
Correct Answer
C. SomaExplanation
The correct answer is Soma. The soma, also known as the cell body, contains the nucleus and a nucleolus, which are responsible for controlling the cell's activities and storing genetic information. It is the major biosynthetic center, where proteins and other molecules are synthesized. The soma is also the focal point for the outgrowth of neuronal processes, such as dendrites and axons. Unlike other parts of the neuron, the soma does not have centrioles. It has well-developed Nissl bodies, which are clusters of rough endoplasmic reticulum involved in protein synthesis. The soma also contains an axon hillock, which is the site where the axon originates.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Armlike extensions from the soma, called tracts in the CNS and nerves in the PNS?
- A.
Axons
- B.
Neurons
- C.
Processes
- D.
Dendrites
Correct Answer
C. ProcessesExplanation
The correct answer is "Processes" because armlike extensions from the soma are called processes, which include both axons and dendrites. In the central nervous system (CNS), these processes are referred to as tracts, while in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), they are called nerves. Therefore, "Processes" is the most appropriate term to encompass both tracts and nerves.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Short tapering and diffusely branched processes, receptive or input regions of the neuron, electrical signals are conveyed as graded potentials?
- A.
Neurons
- B.
Soma
- C.
Dendrites
- D.
Axons
Correct Answer
C. DendritesExplanation
Dendrites are the receptive or input regions of a neuron. They have short tapering and diffusely branched processes that receive electrical signals from other neurons. These signals are conveyed as graded potentials, which are changes in the electrical potential of the dendrites. Therefore, dendrites are responsible for receiving and integrating incoming signals in a neuron.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Slender processes of uniform diameter arising from the hillock, long ones are called nerve fibers, usually there is only one unbranched per neuron?
- A.
Soma
- B.
Processes
- C.
Axon
- D.
Dendrite
Correct Answer
C. AxonExplanation
The correct answer is Axon. Axons are slender processes of uniform diameter that arise from the hillock and are long in length. They are called nerve fibers and usually, there is only one unbranched axon per neuron. Axons are responsible for transmitting electrical signals away from the neuron's cell body to other neurons or target cells.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Generate and transmit action potentials, secrete neurotransmitters from the terminals?
- A.
Myelin Sheath
- B.
Nodes of Ranvier
- C.
Unmyelinated Axons
- D.
Axons
Correct Answer
D. AxonsExplanation
Axons are responsible for generating and transmitting action potentials, as well as secreting neurotransmitters from their terminals. The myelin sheath, which is made up of Schwann cells or oligodendrocytes, surrounds and insulates the axons, allowing for faster conduction of the action potential. Nodes of Ranvier are gaps in the myelin sheath where the axon is exposed, allowing for saltatory conduction. Unmyelinated axons lack a myelin sheath and have a slower conduction speed compared to myelinated axons. Therefore, the correct answer is axons.Rate this question:
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- 34.
What are the ways movement occurs along axons?
- A.
Up and Down
- B.
Vertically and Horizontally
- C.
Laterally and Bilaterally
- D.
Anterograde and Retrograde
Correct Answer
D. Anterograde and RetrogradeExplanation
Movement along axons can occur in two directions: anterograde, which is the movement of materials from the cell body towards the axon terminal, and retrograde, which is the movement of materials from the axon terminal towards the cell body. This bidirectional movement allows for the transport of various substances, such as proteins and organelles, to different parts of the neuron.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Whitish, fatty segmented sheath around most long axons, it functions to protect the axon, electrically insulate fibers from one another, and increase the speed of nerve impulse transmission?
- A.
Neurilemma
- B.
Nodes of Ranvier
- C.
Unmyelinated Axons
- D.
Myelin Sheath
Correct Answer
D. Myelin SheathExplanation
The myelin sheath is a whitish, fatty segmented sheath that surrounds most long axons. It serves multiple functions, including protecting the axon, electrically insulating fibers from one another, and increasing the speed of nerve impulse transmission. The myelin sheath is formed by specialized cells called oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. These cells wrap around the axon, creating multiple layers of myelin that act as an insulating barrier. The gaps between the myelin sheath are called Nodes of Ranvier, which play a crucial role in the rapid conduction of nerve impulses.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Formed by Schwann cells in the PNS?
- A.
Nodes of Ranvier
- B.
Unmyelinated Axons
- C.
Dendrites
- D.
Myelin Sheath
Correct Answer
D. Myelin SheathExplanation
The myelin sheath is formed by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). It is a protective covering that surrounds and insulates axons, allowing for faster and more efficient transmission of nerve impulses. The myelin sheath is interrupted at regular intervals by nodes of Ranvier, which play a crucial role in the conduction of nerve impulses. Unmyelinated axons do not have a myelin sheath, while dendrites are the receiving end of a neuron and do not form a myelin sheath.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Envelopes an axon in a trough, encloses the axon with its plasma membrane, has concentric layers of membrane that make up the myelin sheath?
- A.
Neurilemma
- B.
Nodes of Ranvier
- C.
Dendrite
- D.
Schwann Cell
Correct Answer
D. Schwann CellExplanation
Schwann cells are responsible for enveloping the axon in a trough and enclosing it with their plasma membrane. They also form concentric layers of membrane that make up the myelin sheath. This sheath helps to insulate the axon and increase the speed of nerve impulse transmission. Therefore, Schwann cells are the correct answer in this case.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Remaining nucleus and cytoplasm of a Schwann Cell?
- A.
Nodes of Ranvier
- B.
Axons
- C.
Dendrite
- D.
Neurilemma
Correct Answer
D. NeurilemmaExplanation
The neurilemma is the outermost layer of the Schwann cell, which is a type of glial cell found in the peripheral nervous system. It surrounds and protects the axon, which is the long, slender projection of a nerve cell that carries electrical impulses. The nucleus and cytoplasm of the Schwann cell remain in the neurilemma, providing support and insulation for the axon. Nodes of Ranvier are gaps in the myelin sheath along the axon, while dendrites are short, branched extensions that receive signals from other neurons.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Gaps in the myelin sheath between adjacent Schwann cells, sites where axon collaterals can emerge?
- A.
Dendrites
- B.
Soma
- C.
Unmyelinated Axons
- D.
Nodes of Ranvier
Correct Answer
D. Nodes of RanvierExplanation
Nodes of Ranvier are gaps in the myelin sheath where adjacent Schwann cells do not cover the axon. These nodes play a crucial role in the conduction of nerve impulses. They allow for the saltatory conduction, where the electrical signal jumps from one node to another, significantly speeding up the transmission of the impulse along the axon. Axon collaterals can also emerge from these nodes, branching off to communicate with other neurons or muscle cells. Therefore, Nodes of Ranvier are the correct answer as they are the specific sites where axon collaterals can emerge.Rate this question:
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- 40.
A schwann cell surrounds nerve fibers but coiling does not take place, schwann cells partially enclose 15 or more axons?
- A.
Myelin Sheath
- B.
Dendrite
- C.
Soma
- D.
Unmyelinated Axons
Correct Answer
D. Unmyelinated AxonsExplanation
Schwann cells are responsible for producing the myelin sheath, a fatty substance that wraps around nerve fibers to insulate and protect them. However, in the case of unmyelinated axons, the Schwann cells do not form a complete myelin sheath. Instead, they partially enclose 15 or more axons without coiling around them. Therefore, the correct answer is "Unmyelinated Axons."Rate this question:
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- 41.
Both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers are present, myelin sheaths are formed by oligodendrocytes, Nodes of Ranvier are widely spaces, no neurilemma?
- A.
Axons of the CNS
- B.
Axons of the PNS
- C.
Dendrites of the CNS
- D.
Dendrites of the PNS
Correct Answer
A. Axons of the CNSExplanation
The given statement suggests that the axons of the central nervous system (CNS) have both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers. The myelin sheaths in the CNS are formed by oligodendrocytes. The Nodes of Ranvier, which are gaps in the myelin sheath, are widely spaced. The statement does not mention anything about the presence or absence of neurilemma. Therefore, the correct answer is "Axons of the CNS."Rate this question:
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- 42.
Dense collections of myelinated fibers?
- A.
White Matter
- B.
Gray Matter
Correct Answer
A. White MatterExplanation
White matter refers to the areas of the central nervous system that are primarily composed of myelinated axons. Myelinated fibers are responsible for transmitting information between different areas of the brain and spinal cord. These fibers appear white due to the presence of myelin, a fatty substance that insulates and speeds up the conduction of nerve impulses. Therefore, dense collections of myelinated fibers are found in white matter. Gray matter, on the other hand, consists mainly of cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Mostly soma and unmyelinated fibers?
- A.
Gray matter
- B.
White matter
Correct Answer
A. Gray matterExplanation
Gray matter is the correct answer because it primarily consists of soma (cell bodies) and unmyelinated fibers. Gray matter is responsible for processing information in the central nervous system and is found in regions such as the cerebral cortex and the spinal cord. It contains neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses, which are essential for information integration and processing. In contrast, white matter primarily consists of myelinated fibers that transmit signals between different regions of gray matter.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Three or more processes?
- A.
Multipolar
- B.
Bipolar
- C.
Unipolar
Correct Answer
A. MultipolarExplanation
The term "multipolar" refers to a situation or condition where there are three or more processes involved. In this context, it suggests that there are at least three processes being discussed or compared - multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar. The answer "Multipolar" indicates that the question is asking for the term that represents a situation with three or more processes.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Two processes (axon and dendrite)
- A.
Bipolar
- B.
Unipolar
- C.
Multipolar
Correct Answer
A. BipolarExplanation
The term "bipolar" refers to a type of neuron that has two processes, an axon and a dendrite, extending from its cell body. This means that the neuron has one process for receiving signals (dendrite) and another for transmitting signals (axon). In contrast, a unipolar neuron has only one process extending from the cell body, which serves both the receiving and transmitting functions. A multipolar neuron, on the other hand, has multiple processes extending from the cell body, typically one axon and multiple dendrites. Therefore, the correct answer in this case is "bipolar" because it accurately describes a neuron with two processes.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Single, short process?
- A.
Unipolar
- B.
Multipolar
- C.
Bipolar
Correct Answer
A. UnipolarExplanation
A single, short process refers to a neuron that has only one projection, or axon, extending from the cell body. This type of neuron is called unipolar. In contrast, multipolar neurons have multiple processes, including one axon and multiple dendrites, while bipolar neurons have two processes, one axon and one dendrite. Therefore, based on the given information, the correct answer is unipolar.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Transmit impulses toward the CNS?
- A.
Sensory (afferent)
- B.
Motor (efferent)
- C.
Interneurons
Correct Answer
A. Sensory (afferent)Explanation
Sensory (afferent) neurons are responsible for transmitting impulses from sensory receptors to the central nervous system (CNS). These neurons detect various stimuli such as touch, temperature, pain, and send signals to the brain or spinal cord for processing. This allows us to perceive and respond to our environment. Motor (efferent) neurons, on the other hand, transmit impulses away from the CNS to muscles and glands, enabling movement and secretion. Interneurons, also found in the CNS, facilitate communication between sensory and motor neurons. However, in this case, the correct answer is sensory (afferent) because it specifically refers to neurons that transmit impulses toward the CNS.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Carry impulses away from the CNS?
- A.
Motor (Efferent)
- B.
Sensory (Afferent)
- C.
Interneurons
Correct Answer
A. Motor (Efferent)Explanation
Motor (efferent) neurons carry impulses away from the central nervous system (CNS). These neurons transmit signals from the CNS to the muscles and glands, allowing for voluntary and involuntary movements and responses. They are responsible for controlling and coordinating motor functions in the body. Sensory (afferent) neurons, on the other hand, carry impulses towards the CNS, transmitting sensory information from the body's receptors to the brain and spinal cord. Interneurons, also known as association neurons, are found within the CNS and facilitate communication between sensory and motor neurons.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Shuttle signals through CNS pathways?
- A.
Interneurons
- B.
Sensory (afferent)
- C.
Motor (efferent)
Correct Answer
A. InterneuronsExplanation
Interneurons are responsible for transmitting signals between sensory neurons and motor neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). They act as a bridge, relaying information and coordinating communication between different parts of the CNS. Unlike sensory and motor neurons, which carry signals to and from the CNS, interneurons primarily function within the CNS itself. Therefore, interneurons are the correct answer for the given question about shuttle signals through CNS pathways.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Electrical impulses carried along the length of axons, always the same regardless of stimulus, the underlying functional feature of the nervous system?
- A.
Action Potentials
- B.
Sensory
- C.
Motor
- D.
Bipolar
Correct Answer
A. Action PotentialsExplanation
Action potentials are electrical impulses that are carried along the length of axons. They are always the same regardless of the stimulus. This is a fundamental functional feature of the nervous system. Action potentials allow for rapid and efficient communication between different parts of the nervous system, enabling the transmission of information and control of bodily functions. They are essential for processes such as sensory perception, motor control, and overall coordination of the nervous system.Rate this question:
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