Fetal Monitoring And Assessment

Variable deceleration is the correct answer because it matches the given description. Variable deceleration refers to an abrupt decrease in the fetal heart rate (FHR) that is visually apparent and lasts for 15 seconds or more but less than 2 minutes. The decrease in FHR is 15 beats per minute or more. This pattern is called variable deceleration because it varies in shape, duration, and timing in relation to contractions. It can be caused by umbilical cord compression, which leads to temporary disruption of blood flow to the fetus.

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Moderate baseline variability refers to the amplitude range of 6-25 beats per minute. This means that the fetal heart rate is showing moderate fluctuations within this range, indicating a healthy and normal variability. It is important to monitor baseline variability as it provides valuable information about the well-being of the fetus.

The term "minimal" in the context of baseline variability refers to the smallest amplitude range that can be detected, specifically when the difference between beats is 5 beats per minute or fewer. This means that any changes in the baseline variability that fall within this minimal range may not be significant or clinically relevant.

Baseline variability refers to the fluctuations or changes in the baseline of a signal. In this context, "absent" means that there is no variability or fluctuation in the baseline. Therefore, if the baseline variability is absent, it means that there is no detectable range of amplitudes in the baseline.

The statement is true because it states that the baseline must be for a minimum of 2 minutes in any 10-minute segment. This means that when measuring a baseline, there must be at least 2 minutes of data collected within a 10-minute timeframe. This requirement ensures that the baseline is representative of the individual's normal physiological state over a sufficient duration of time.

Early deceleration is the correct answer because it is characterized by a visually apparent, gradual decrease in fetal heart rate (FHR) that coincides with the peak of a uterine contraction. The nadir of the deceleration, or the lowest point of the FHR decrease, occurs at the same time as the peak of the contraction. This pattern is considered normal and is caused by head compression during contractions. It is not associated with fetal distress and does not require intervention.

Late deceleration refers to a decrease in fetal heart rate that occurs after the onset, peak, and end of a uterine contraction. It is visually apparent and has a gradual onset to nadir, lasting for 30 seconds or more. The FHR then returns to its baseline after the contraction ends. This pattern is indicative of decreased blood flow to the fetus during contractions, which can be a sign of fetal distress.

The correct answer is "Prolonged deceleration" because it meets the criteria of a visually apparent decrease in the fetal heart rate (FHR) below the baseline, with a deceleration of 15 beats per minute or more. Additionally, it lasts for 2 minutes or more but less than 10 minutes from onset to return to baseline. This pattern is indicative of a prolonged deceleration in the FHR.

The term "prolonged acceleration" refers to an acceleration that lasts for a significant duration of time. According to the given information, an acceleration that lasts for 2 minutes or more but less than 10 minutes falls into this category. It is important to note that if an acceleration lasts for 10 minutes or longer, it is considered a baseline change instead. Therefore, the correct answer in this case is "Prolonged acceleration."

An acceleration in fetal heart rate is considered significant if it has an acme of 15 beats per minute or more above baseline, and lasts for 15 seconds or more but less than 2 minutes. The question asks for the gestational age at which this criteria is met, and the correct answer is 32 weeks. This suggests that at 32 weeks of gestation and beyond, an acceleration meeting this criteria can be observed in the fetal heart rate.

An acceleration during a fetal monitoring is defined as an increase in the fetal heart rate above the baseline. According to the given information, an acceleration is considered significant if it has an acme of 10 beats per minute or more above baseline, with a duration of 10 seconds or more but less than 2 minutes. Therefore, the correct answer is "What is 32 weeks" because at 32 weeks of gestation, an acceleration meeting these criteria would be considered significant.

Variability is not a characteristic of ANY portion of the EFM tracing. This means that there may be portions of the EFM tracing where variability is not present.