Form 4 Information Technology Multiple Choice Exam

All of the options listed (in sourcing, self sourcing, and outsourcing) are valid choices for building an information system. In sourcing refers to developing the system internally within the organization, self sourcing involves users creating their own solutions using available tools, and outsourcing involves hiring external vendors to develop the system. Therefore, all of these options can be used as approaches for building an information system.

The system development life cycle refers to the organized process or set of steps that need to be followed to develop an information system. It includes various phases such as planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance. This cycle ensures that the development process is systematic and efficient, allowing for the successful creation and implementation of an information system.

The system development life cycle refers to the organized process or set of steps that needs to be followed to develop an information system. It includes various stages such as planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance. This cycle ensures that the information system is developed in a systematic and efficient manner, meeting the requirements and objectives of the organization.

Programmers are responsible for designing and implementing database structures. They have the technical skills and knowledge required to create efficient and effective database structures that meet the needs of the project. Project managers are responsible for overseeing the entire project and ensuring its successful completion, but they do not typically have the technical expertise to design and implement database structures. Technical writers are responsible for creating documentation and instructional materials, but they are not directly involved in the design and implementation of database structures. Therefore, the correct answer is programmers.

During the prototyping process, one of the steps is to identify the basic requirements. This involves understanding the needs and goals of the project or product that is being developed. Another step is to develop an initial prototype, which is a working model or version of the product that can be tested and evaluated. Lastly, knowledge workers, who have expertise and knowledge in the specific domain, review the prototype to provide feedback and suggestions for improvement. Therefore, all of the options listed (a, b, and c) are steps that are involved in the prototyping process.

Systems analysts spend most of their time in the beginning stages of the SDLC because their role involves understanding the needs and requirements of end-users, gathering information about existing systems, documenting processes, and proposing solutions for improvement. They work closely with end-users to identify their needs and translate them into technical requirements that can be implemented by the development team. This involves conducting interviews, analyzing current systems, and creating detailed documentation to guide the development process. Therefore, systems analysts are the most likely choice for this role.

The last step in the SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) is maintenance. This involves making updates and improvements to the software to ensure its continued functionality and to address any issues that may arise after it has been deployed. Maintenance is an ongoing process that can include bug fixes, performance optimizations, security updates, and adding new features based on user feedback. It is an important step in the SDLC to ensure that the software remains effective and meets the needs of its users.

The testing phase is responsible for verifying that the system works and meets all of the business requirements. During this phase, various types of testing, such as functional testing, performance testing, and user acceptance testing, are conducted to ensure that the system functions as intended and meets the needs of the business. This phase helps to identify any defects or issues in the system before it is deployed to users, allowing for necessary adjustments and improvements to be made.

During the Maintenance and Evaluation step in the SDLC, enhancements, upgrades, and bug fixes are done. This step involves identifying and addressing any issues or problems that arise after the initial development and implementation of the software. It includes activities such as evaluating the performance of the software, making necessary modifications, and ensuring that it continues to meet the needs and requirements of the users. This step is crucial for maintaining the functionality and effectiveness of the software over time.

During the development and documentation step in the SDLC, the actual programming of software code takes place. This step involves writing the code based on the design specifications and documenting the code for future reference. It includes tasks such as coding, debugging, and creating technical documentation to ensure that the software meets the desired functionality and quality standards.

Feasibility assessment is the process of evaluating the practicality and viability of a project. It involves analyzing various factors such as technical, economic, legal, and operational aspects to determine if the project should proceed or not. This assessment helps in identifying potential risks, challenges, and limitations associated with the project, and allows stakeholders to make informed decisions about its feasibility and potential success. Therefore, the feasibility assessment is crucial in determining whether the project should go forward.

Most modern software applications enable you to customize and automate various features using small custom-built "miniprograms" called macros. Macros are scripts or sets of instructions that can be created within the software application to perform repetitive tasks or automate specific actions. They allow users to save time and increase efficiency by automating processes that would otherwise need to be done manually. With macros, users can create shortcuts and automate complex tasks with just a few clicks or keystrokes.

Technical writers generally provide the documentation for the new system. Documentation refers to the written materials that provide information, instructions, and explanations about the system. This can include user manuals, technical specifications, installation guides, and other materials that help users understand and use the system effectively. Technical writers play a crucial role in ensuring that the system is properly documented, enabling users to troubleshoot issues, learn how to use the system, and maintain it effectively.

During the planning phase, activities such as setting the project scope, developing the project plan, and defining the system to be developed are performed. However, designing system models is not typically performed during the planning phase. System models are usually designed during the system design phase, which comes after the planning phase.

The programmer who wrote the method is responsible for ensuring that the precondition is valid. They are the ones who define the requirements and conditions that must be met before the method can be executed. It is their responsibility to check and validate these preconditions within the method's code to ensure that it is being used correctly.

In the Analysis phase of a project, the development of the program specification occurs. This is a clear statement of the goals and objectives of the project. The program specification outlines what the program needs to accomplish and provides a roadmap for the development process. It helps to define the scope of the project and ensure that all stakeholders have a clear understanding of what is expected.

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Outsourcing can lead to an increase in the vulnerability of strategic information. When a company outsources certain tasks or processes to external organizations, it may be required to share sensitive or confidential information with them. This can include trade secrets, customer data, or proprietary technology. By sharing this information, the company becomes more susceptible to the risk of data breaches or unauthorized access. This can potentially lead to the loss or theft of valuable strategic information, which can have serious consequences for the company's competitive advantage and overall success.

The interface to an information system is called the technical architecture. This refers to the overall design and structure of the system, including hardware, software, networks, and databases. It encompasses the components and technologies that enable communication and interaction between users and the system. The technical architecture defines how information is processed, stored, and accessed within the system, ensuring its efficiency, reliability, and security.

The options given represent different roles that a person can have during the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). A business process novice is someone who is new to the business processes involved in the SDLC. A liaison to the customer is someone who acts as a bridge between the development team and the customer, ensuring that the customer's requirements are understood and met. A manager of others is someone who oversees and supervises a team of developers. The correct answer, "d. Quality control analyst," does not represent a role during the SDLC. Quality control analysts typically focus on testing and ensuring the quality of the software, which is a specific task within the SDLC rather than a role.