Fluid And Electrolytes And Lab Values

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  • 1/34 Questions

    What is the major cation of ECF?

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About This Quiz

This quiz on Fluid and Electrolytes and Lab Values evaluates your understanding of key laboratory measurements related to kidney function and fluid balance. Topics include normal urinary output, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine levels, urine pH, specific gravity, and protein content in urine.

Mastery of these values is essential for nursing and medical laboratory professionals to accurately assess patient hydration status, renal function, and electrolyte balance. This quiz helps reinforce critical concepts needed for effective patient care and diagnostic interpretation in clinical settings.

Nursing Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    The normal value of sodium__________.

    Explanation
    The normal value range for sodium in the body is between 135 and 145 units. This range represents the typical and healthy levels of sodium that should be present in the body. Sodium is an essential electrolyte that helps maintain fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contractions. Deviations from this normal range can indicate certain medical conditions or imbalances in the body's fluid and electrolyte levels.

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  • 3. 

    Phosphate helps to regulate the caclium levels in the body.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Phosphate is an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in maintaining calcium levels in the body. It works in conjunction with calcium to form and strengthen bones and teeth. Phosphate also helps in the regulation of various physiological processes, such as energy production, DNA synthesis, and nerve function. Therefore, it is correct to say that phosphate helps to regulate calcium levels in the body.

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  • 4. 

    What amount of total body water is ECF?

    Correct Answer
    1/3
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 1/3 because extracellular fluid (ECF) refers to the fluid outside the cells in the body, including the interstitial fluid and plasma. It makes up approximately one-third of the total body water, while the remaining two-thirds is intracellular fluid (ICF) which is the fluid inside the cells.

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  • 5. 

    How much of the total body water is in ICF?

    Correct Answer
    2/3
    Explanation
    Approximately 2/3 of the total body water is located in the intracellular fluid (ICF). This fluid is found inside the cells and plays a crucial role in maintaining cell function and homeostasis. The remaining 1/3 of the body water is distributed in the extracellular fluid (ECF), which includes the fluid in the blood vessels (plasma) and the fluid between cells (interstitial fluid). The ICF is important for various cellular processes such as nutrient and waste exchange, cell signaling, and maintaining the cell's shape and volume.

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  • 6. 

    What is the major anion of ECF?

    Correct Answer
    chloride
    Explanation
    The major anion of ECF is chloride. This is because chloride ions are the most abundant negatively charged ions found in the extracellular fluid. They play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of electrolytes and fluid in the body. Chloride ions are important for regulating blood pressure, pH levels, and the movement of fluids across cell membranes.

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  • 7. 

    What does a higher specific gravity indicate?

    Correct Answer
    dehydration
    Explanation
    A higher specific gravity indicates dehydration. Specific gravity is a measure of the concentration of solutes in urine, and a higher specific gravity means that there is a higher concentration of solutes in the urine. In cases of dehydration, the body conserves water by producing concentrated urine, resulting in a higher specific gravity. This can be a useful indicator for healthcare professionals to assess a person's hydration status.

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  • 8. 

    The normal value of magnesium is _____________.

    Correct Answer
    1.5 to 2.5
    1.5-2.5
    Explanation
    The normal value of magnesium in the body ranges from 1.5 to 2.5 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L) or 1.5-2.5 mEq/L.

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  • 9. 

    The normal total water body weight for an adult is _________.

    Correct Answer
    60%
    Explanation
    The normal total water body weight for an adult is 60%. This means that approximately 60% of an adult's body weight is made up of water. Water is essential for various bodily functions, including digestion, circulation, and temperature regulation. It plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and well-being.

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  • 10. 

    The functions of electrolytes (select all that apply)

    • Decrease fluid balance

    • Contribute to acid-base balance

    • Transmit neuromuscular reactions

    • Facilitate enzyme reactions

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Contribute to acid-base balance
    A. Transmit neuromuscular reactions
    A. Facilitate enzyme reactions
    Explanation
    Electrolytes play a crucial role in maintaining the acid-base balance in the body by regulating the pH levels. They also help in transmitting neuromuscular reactions, which are essential for proper nerve function and muscle contractions. Additionally, electrolytes facilitate enzyme reactions, which are necessary for various metabolic processes in the body.

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  • 11. 

    ______________ regulates cardiac impulse transmission and muscle contraction.

    • Sodium

    • Calcium

    • Potassium

    • Magnesium

    Correct Answer
    A. Potassium
    Explanation
    Potassium regulates cardiac impulse transmission and muscle contraction. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the electrical activity of the heart and ensuring proper muscle function. Potassium ions are involved in the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential, allowing the heart to reset and prepare for the next contraction. Additionally, potassium helps in the contraction of skeletal muscles, including those involved in breathing and movement. Overall, potassium is essential for the normal functioning of the heart and muscles.

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  • 12. 

    ____________ functions with blood clotting and maintains cardiac pacemaker.

    • Sodium

    • Chloride

    • Potassium

    • Calcium

    Correct Answer
    A. Calcium
    Explanation
    Calcium functions with blood clotting by activating various clotting factors and promoting the formation of a fibrin mesh to stop bleeding. It also plays a crucial role in maintaining the cardiac pacemaker, which regulates the heart's rhythm and ensures proper contraction and relaxation of the heart muscles. Calcium ions are involved in the generation and conduction of electrical impulses in the heart, allowing for coordinated and efficient pumping of blood throughout the body.

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  • 13. 

    ______________ is imporant in the production of and component of gastric juices.

    Correct Answer
    Chloride
    Explanation
    Chloride is important in the production of gastric juices because it plays a crucial role in maintaining the acidity of the stomach. It combines with hydrogen ions to form hydrochloric acid, which is a key component of gastric juices. Hydrochloric acid helps in the digestion of food by breaking down proteins, activating enzymes, and killing harmful bacteria that may be present in the stomach. Therefore, chloride is essential for the proper functioning of the digestive system.

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  • 14. 

    The normal value of potassium is __________.

    Correct Answer
    3.5 to 5.0
    3.5-5.0
    Explanation
    The normal value of potassium in the body is typically between 3.5 to 5.0. This range represents the normal levels of potassium that are necessary for various bodily functions, including maintaining proper nerve and muscle function, regulating heartbeat, and balancing fluids in the body. Deviations from this range can indicate an imbalance in potassium levels, which may require medical attention.

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  • 15. 

    The normal value of phosphate ____________________.

    Correct Answer
    2.5 to 4.5
    2.5-4.5
    Explanation
    The normal value of phosphate in the body is usually between 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL or 2.5-4.5 mmol/L. This range represents the typical levels of phosphate that are considered to be within the normal range for a healthy individual.

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  • 16. 

    Magnesium doesn't function in the operation of the sodium-potassium pump.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The statement is false because magnesium does play a role in the operation of the sodium-potassium pump. The sodium-potassium pump is a vital mechanism in cells that helps maintain the balance of sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane. It uses energy to pump three sodium ions out of the cell and two potassium ions into the cell. Magnesium is required as a cofactor for the ATPase enzyme, which provides the energy for the pump to function. Therefore, magnesium is essential for the proper operation of the sodium-potassium pump.

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  • 17. 

    The function of sodium is......(select all that apply)

    • Regulate the ICF volume

    • Decrease fluid volume

    • Maintain fluid volume

    • Transmit nerve impulses and contract muscles

    • Regulate ECF volume

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Maintain fluid volume
    A. Transmit nerve impulses and contract muscles
    A. Regulate ECF volume
    Explanation
    The function of sodium includes maintaining fluid volume, transmitting nerve impulses and contracting muscles, and regulating extracellular fluid (ECF) volume. Sodium plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of fluids in the body, ensuring that cells have enough water for proper functioning. It also helps in transmitting nerve impulses, which are essential for communication between cells. Additionally, sodium is involved in muscle contraction, allowing muscles to contract and perform their functions. Lastly, it helps regulate the volume of extracellular fluid, which is important for maintaining overall fluid balance in the body.

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  • 18. 

    What are the 2 major cations of ICF?

    Correct Answer(s)
    potassium and magnesium
    Explanation
    Potassium and magnesium are the two major cations of ICF, or intracellular fluid. Cations are positively charged ions, and in the context of ICF, they are the dominant ions present inside the cells. Potassium is the primary cation in ICF, responsible for maintaining the cell's resting membrane potential and playing a crucial role in various cellular processes. Magnesium, although present in lower concentrations compared to potassium, is also an important cation in ICF, involved in enzyme activation, nucleic acid synthesis, and muscle contraction. These two cations are essential for maintaining the proper functioning of cells and overall cellular homeostasis.

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  • 19. 

    What is the normal osmolality?

    Correct Answer(s)
    280-300
    280 to 300
    Explanation
    The normal osmolality refers to the concentration of solutes in a solution, specifically in the blood or urine. It is typically measured in milliosmoles per kilogram (mOsm/kg). The range of 280-300 or 280 to 300 mOsm/kg is considered the normal osmolality range. This range indicates a balanced concentration of solutes in the body, which is important for maintaining proper fluid balance and overall health.

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  • 20. 

    The normal specific gravity is ______________.

    Correct Answer(s)
    1.005 to 1.030
    1.005-1.030
    Explanation
    The normal specific gravity range is 1.005 to 1.030 or 1.005-1.030. Specific gravity is a measurement of the density of a substance compared to the density of water. This range indicates the normal range of specific gravity values found in various substances.

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  • 21. 

    What percentage of total water body weight are newborns?

    Correct Answer(s)
    75%
    Explanation
    Newborns have a higher water content compared to adults because their bodies are still developing and they have a higher proportion of water in their tissues. This is why they are said to have a water body weight percentage of 75%.

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  • 22. 

    What area should you ALWAYS be sure and assess for edema?

    Correct Answer(s)
    sacrum
    sacral area
    Explanation
    The sacrum and sacral area should always be assessed for edema. Edema refers to the swelling caused by the accumulation of fluid in the body's tissues. The sacrum is the triangular bone at the base of the spine, and the sacral area refers to the region around this bone. Edema in this area can indicate various health issues, such as poor circulation, heart failure, or kidney problems. Therefore, it is essential to regularly check for edema in the sacrum and sacral area to identify any underlying health conditions and provide appropriate treatment.

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  • 23. 

    The normal value of calcium is __________.

    Correct Answer(s)
    8.5 to 10.5
    8.5-10.5
    Explanation
    The normal value of calcium in the body is between 8.5 to 10.5 units or 8.5-10.5 units. This range represents the optimal levels of calcium required for various bodily functions such as bone health, muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and blood clotting. Deviations from this range can indicate certain medical conditions, such as calcium deficiency or hypercalcemia. Regular monitoring of calcium levels is important to ensure overall health and proper functioning of the body.

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  • 24. 

    What is the normal creatinine value?

    Correct Answer(s)
    0.5 to 1.5
    0.5-1.5
    Explanation
    The normal creatinine value is typically between 0.5 to 1.5. This range represents the normal range of creatinine levels in the blood. Creatinine is a waste product that is produced by the muscles and filtered out of the blood by the kidneys. Higher levels of creatinine may indicate kidney dysfunction or other underlying health issues. Therefore, a value within the range of 0.5 to 1.5 is considered normal and healthy.

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  • 25. 

    What is the normal value of BUN?

    Correct Answer(s)
    5 to 25
    5-25
    Explanation
    The normal value of BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) is between 5 to 25. This range indicates the normal level of urea nitrogen in the blood, which is a waste product that is filtered by the kidneys. BUN levels outside of this range may indicate kidney dysfunction or other health issues. The answer provided, "5-25," is a shorthand way of expressing the normal range of BUN values.

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  • 26. 

    What is the normal value of chloride?

    Correct Answer(s)
    95-108
    95 to 108
    Explanation
    The normal value of chloride in the body is typically between 95 and 108 units. This range represents the normal range of chloride levels found in the blood. Any values below or above this range may indicate an imbalance in the body's electrolyte levels and could be a sign of an underlying health condition. Therefore, it is important to monitor chloride levels within this range to ensure proper bodily function.

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  • 27. 

    What is the normal urinary output in 24 hours for an adult?

    Correct Answer(s)
    1200 to 1500
    1200-1500
    Explanation
    The normal urinary output in 24 hours for an adult is typically between 1200 to 1500 milliliters. This range indicates the average amount of urine that a healthy adult should produce in a day. It is important for the body to eliminate waste products through urine to maintain proper functioning of the urinary system and overall health. The given answer options of "1200 to 1500" and "1200-1500" both indicate the correct range for normal urinary output.

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  • 28. 

    What is the normal amount of WBC's in urine?

    Correct Answer(s)
    3-4
    3 to 4
    Explanation
    The normal amount of white blood cells (WBCs) in urine is 3-4. WBCs in urine can indicate an infection or inflammation in the urinary tract. A higher number of WBCs may suggest a urinary tract infection, while a lower number may indicate a potential problem with the kidneys or bladder. Monitoring the levels of WBCs in urine can help in diagnosing and monitoring various urinary tract conditions.

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  • 29. 

    What amount of protein is normally in the urine?

    Correct Answer(s)
    2-8 mg/dL
    2 to 8
    2-8
    Explanation
    The amount of protein that is normally found in the urine is 2-8 mg/dL. This range is considered to be within the normal range for protein levels in urine. Proteinuria, or the presence of excessive protein in the urine, can be a sign of kidney dysfunction or other underlying health conditions. Therefore, it is important to monitor protein levels in the urine to ensure they are within the normal range.

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  • 30. 

    When ________________ is found in the ICF at just 1% it plays an important role in neuromuscular and cardiac function, which is very important with cardiac disorders.

    • Potassium

    • Calcium

    • Magnesium

    Correct Answer
    A. Magnesium
    Explanation
    Magnesium is the correct answer because when it is found in the ICF (intracellular fluid) at just 1%, it plays an important role in neuromuscular and cardiac function. This is particularly crucial in the context of cardiac disorders, as magnesium helps regulate heart rhythm and contraction.

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  • 31. 

    The normal pH of urine is __________.

    Correct Answer
    4.5-8
    4.5 to 8
    Explanation
    The normal pH of urine is between 4.5 and 8. This range indicates the acidity or alkalinity of urine. A pH value below 7 indicates acidic urine, while a pH value above 7 indicates alkaline urine. The normal pH range of urine is important for maintaining the body's acid-base balance and can be influenced by various factors such as diet, hydration levels, and certain medical conditions.

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  • 32. 

    The normal osmolality of urine is _______________.

    Correct Answer
    500-800
    500 to 800
    Explanation
    The normal osmolality of urine is typically between 500 and 800 milliosmoles per kilogram (mOsm/kg). This range represents the concentration of solutes in the urine, such as urea, electrolytes, and other waste products. Osmolality is an important measure of kidney function and hydration status. Values outside this range may indicate certain medical conditions or abnormalities in the kidneys' ability to concentrate urine.

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  • 33. 

    The normal hematrocrit for males is ________________.

    Correct Answer
    40-54%
    40 to 54%
    Explanation
    The normal hematocrit for males is typically between 40-54% or 40 to 54%. This refers to the percentage of red blood cells in the total blood volume. Hematocrit levels within this range are considered normal for males and may vary slightly depending on factors such as age and overall health.

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  • 34. 

    The normal hematocrit for females is __________________.

    Correct Answer
    37-47%
    37 to 47%
    Explanation
    The normal hematocrit for females is typically between 37-47% or 37 to 47%. Hematocrit is a measure of the percentage of red blood cells in the total blood volume. This range is considered normal for females and indicates a healthy level of red blood cells in the bloodstream.

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