Fertilization, Weeks 1 And 2 Of Development
- 1.The amniotic cavity appears on the eighth day as a slit-like space between the trophoblast and the
- A.
Extraembryonic mesoderm
- B.
Embryoblast
- C.
Exocoelomic membrane
- D.
Connecting stalk
- E.
Chorion
- 2.During the 1st and 2nd week of development
- A.
The morula implants into the endometrium
- B.
The blastocyst is composed only of epiblast and syncytiotrophoblast
- C.
The cytotrophoblast cells lack plasma membranes
- D.
The syncytiotrophoblast degrades the endometrium of the uterus
- E.
The prechordal plate is composed of epiblast cells
- 3.A female patient with unexplained infertility is treated with menopausal gonadotropin and pure follicle stimulating hormone to induce follicular development. Several oocytes are aspirated from enlarged follicles and cultured in nutrient medium until they reach the normal second stage of meiotic arrest before they are fertilized. Fertilization is therefore carried out at which of the following stages of oocyte development?
- A.
Prophase of the primary oocyte
- B.
Metaphase of the primary oocyte
- C.
Prophase of the Secondary oocyte
- D.
Metaphase of the Secondary oocyte
- E.
Prophase of the definitive oocyte
- F.
Metaphase of the definitive oocyte
- 4.The secondary oocyte completes the second meiotic division
- A.
Before ovulation
- B.
At the time of ovulation
- C.
Before birth
- D.
At fertilization
- E.
At puberty
- 5.During the reproductive cycle which substance enhances glandular secretion of the endometrium so that implantation can occur?
- A.
FSH
- B.
LH
- C.
Estrogen
- D.
Progesterone
- E.
Testosterone
- 6.Which of the following statements concerning a primary follicle is CORRECT?
- A.
It has a large antral cavity
- B.
Is composed of secondary oocyte and many layers of granulosa cells
- C.
It contains a primary oocyte and is surrounded by a single layer of cuboidal follicular cells
- D.
It lacks a basal lamina
- E.
It is surrounded by the theca interna and theca externa
- 7.During meiosis I what is the amount of DNA / chromosomal number during prophase I?
- A.
2n DNA 23 chromosomes
- B.
2n DNA 46 chromosomes
- C.
4n DNA 23 chromosomes
- D.
4n DNA 46 chromosomes
- E.
1n DNA 23 chromosomes
- 8.During the 2nd week of development
- A.
The amniotic sac lies below the hypoblast layer
- B.
The syncytiotrophoblast layer surrounds the lacunae spaces
- C.
The definitive yolk sac is formed by day 8
- D.
Epiblast cells migrate into the primitive streak
- E.
The yolk sac is lined by epiblast cells
- 9.Which of the following processes concerning fertilization of the ovum is CORRECT?
- A.
The mature spermatid fuses with the oocyte plasma membrane
- B.
Release of cortical granules causes hyaluronic acid of the corona radiata to be altered in composition
- C.
The corona radiata is composed of theca interna cells
- D.
The sperm releases acrosomal enzymes which break down the zone pellucida
- E.
About 2 million sperms surrounds the oocyte at the time
- 10.The secondary oocyte is arrested
- A.
3 hours before ovulation
- B.
Just after ovulation
- C.
Before birth
- D.
At fertilization
- E.
At puberty
- 11.During the reproductive cycle which substance stimulates the theca interna?
- A.
FSH
- B.
LH
- C.
Estrogen
- D.
Progesterone
- E.
Testosterone
- 12.Which of the following statements concerning a secondary follicle is CORRECT?
- A.
It has a large antral cavity
- B.
Is composed of secondary oocyte and many layers of granulose cells
- C.
It contains a primary oocyte and is surrounded by a single layer of cuboidal follicular cells
- D.
It lacks a basal lamina
- E.
It is surrounded by the theca interna and theca externa
- 13.Which of the following chromosomal numbers in a sperm normally results in a male embryo if it fertilizes on oocyte (ovum)?
- A.
22 + 0
- B.
22 + X
- C.
22, X
- D.
23 + X
- E.
23, Y
- F.
23 + Y
- G.
23, X
- 14.Ultrasound examination of an anovulatory patient with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) reveals that her ovaries contain multiple enlarged but immature follicles. The oocytes within these follicles have advanced to which of the following stages of meiosis?
- A.
First meiotic prophase
- B.
First meiotic metaphase
- C.
Second meiotic prophase
- D.
Second meiotic metaphase
- E.
Pronuclear stage
- 15.An undescended testis of a prepubertal male is removed since it is at higher risk to develop testicular cancer. Histologic analysis reveals that cells of the germ line in this testis have have advanced as far as which of the following stages of development?
- A.
Primordial germ cell
- B.
Spermatogonium
- C.
Primary spermatocyte
- D.
Secondary spermatocyte
- E.
Definitive spermatocyte
- 16.Chromosome analysis is carried out on the polar bodies of a woman for screening prior to in vitro fertilization. Polar bodies removed from some oocytes contain two copies of chromosome 21 while others contain no copies of chromosome 21. The woman displays none of the characteristics of Down syndrome and so the nondisjunction that resulted in this condition must have occurred in which of the following cells?
- A.
Primary oocyte in her mother's germline
- B.
Secondary oocyte in her mother's germline germline
- C.
Blastomere in her mother's germline
- D.
Primary oocyte in her own germ line
- E.
Secondary oocyte in her own germline
- F.
Blastomere in her own germ line
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