Tumors-bone And Soft Tissue

1. What is Osteochondroma?

A type of brain tumor that originates in the cerebellum.

An autoimmune disorder affecting the lungs.

2nd, 3rd decade, 3M:1F

metaphysis, form from an outgrowth of lateral portion of growth plate

multiple hereditary exostosis is AD=multiple osteochrondromas (EXT gene)

A genetic disorder that causes abnormal bone growth in the hands and feet.

Osteochondroma is a benign bone tumor that usually develops in the 2nd or 3rd decade of life, with a male to female ratio of 3:1. It originates in the metaphysis and forms from an outgrowth of the lateral portion of the growth plate. In cases of multiple osteochondromas, it is associated with an autosomal dominant genetic condition known as multiple hereditary exostosis, caused by mutations in the EXT gene.

Explanation

Osteochondroma is a benign bone tumor that usually develops in the 2nd or 3rd decade of life, with a male to female ratio of 3:1. It originates in the metaphysis and forms from an outgrowth of the lateral portion of the growth plate. In cases of multiple osteochondromas, it is associated with an autosomal dominant genetic condition known as multiple hereditary exostosis, caused by mutations in the EXT gene.

2. What is Enchondroma?

B. A malignant tumor originating in the lungs

A. A type of brain tumor

Extremities (distal=hands/feet)

medullary cavity of metaphysis

most common cartilage tumor

O-ring sign, nodules with peripheral thin rim of mineralization

C. A benign tumor of muscle tissue

Enchondroma specifically refers to a cartilage tumor found in the extremities' medullary cavity of metaphysis, and it is characterized by certain imaging features as mentioned in the correct answer.

Explanation

Enchondroma specifically refers to a cartilage tumor found in the extremities' medullary cavity of metaphysis, and it is characterized by certain imaging features as mentioned in the correct answer.

3. What is the typical presentation of chondrosarcoma?

Brain tissue, elderly population, slow growing/painless, cerebral cortex, white/scalloped.

Lymphatic system, children and young adults, rapidly growing/painful, lymph nodes, blue/enlarged.

Axial skeleton, 4th-6th decades, slow growing/painful

medullary cavity of metaphysis, glistening grey/lobulated

Peripheral nerves, all age groups, rapidly growing/painful, subcutaneous tissue, red/swollen.

Chondrosarcoma typically presents in the axial skeleton, affects individuals in their 4th-6th decades, and is slow growing/painless. It usually arises in the medullary cavity of metaphysis and appears glistening grey/lobulated.

Explanation

Chondrosarcoma typically presents in the axial skeleton, affects individuals in their 4th-6th decades, and is slow growing/painless. It usually arises in the medullary cavity of metaphysis and appears glistening grey/lobulated.

4. What is the association between osteoma and Gardner syndrome?

Elderly individuals with osteomas in the abdomen, with no association to Gardner syndrome

Middle-aged individuals with multiple osteomas in the extremities, with no association to Gardner syndrome

Young individuals with single osteomas in the extremities, with no association to Gardner syndrome

Middle-aged

craniofacial skeleton

Gardner syndrome=multiple osteomas

Osteomas are often seen in the middle-aged population and are commonly found in the craniofacial skeleton. When multiple osteomas are present, especially in the context of Gardner syndrome, it is important to consider the association between the two conditions.

Explanation

Osteomas are often seen in the middle-aged population and are commonly found in the craniofacial skeleton. When multiple osteomas are present, especially in the context of Gardner syndrome, it is important to consider the association between the two conditions.

5. At what age range does Osteoblastoma commonly occur?

1st-2nd decade

Adolescence to early adulthood

5th-6th decade

2nd-4th decade,

spine/axial skeleton

pain NOT relieved by salicylates

Osteoblastoma typically occurs in individuals aged between their 2nd to 4th decade of life.

Explanation

Osteoblastoma typically occurs in individuals aged between their 2nd to 4th decade of life.

6. What is Osteosarcoma?

A type of skin cancer

A neurological disorder affecting the spine

Most common primary malignant tumor of bone

bimodal age (75% younger than 20years, second peak in elderly)

A benign tumor found in the lungs

Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer, not a skin cancer, benign lung tumor, or neurological disorder.

Explanation

Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer, not a skin cancer, benign lung tumor, or neurological disorder.