Deuterostomes/ Echinodermata

Phylum Echinoderms are known for their radial symmetry, calcarious skeleton with spicules, and consist of sea urchins, brittlestars, and starfish. They do not possess bilateral symmetry, have a hard skeleton, and are not associated with snails, crabs, or shrimp.

The correct answer is Starfish, as it is the common name for organisms belonging to the class Asteroidea within the phylum Echinodermata. Sea cucumber, Sea urchin, and Sand dollar belong to different classes within the phylum Echinodermata.

In Class Asteroidea, the aboral anatomy includes specific features such as madreporite, anus location, bivium and trivium arms, and cilia and calcareous tubercles.

The correct answer describes the internal anatomy of Class Asteroidea in the phylum Echinodermata where testes or ovaries are paired organs in each ray and radial vessels are located in podia and ampulla. This information is crucial in understanding the internal structure of sea stars in this classification.

Feeding in Class Asteroidea in the phylum Echinoderms primarily involves arm loop captures, where the arms flex around large particles and convey them directly to the mouth. Mouth browsing and tubefoot capture are less common methods used by some individuals within Class Asteroidea, while filter feeding is not typically associated with this class.

Class Holothuroidea within the phylum Echinodermata is commonly known as sea cucumbers. Although closely related, starfish belong to Class Asteroidea, sea urchins belong to Class Echinoidea, and sand dollars belong to Class Echinoidea as well.

The correct answer describes one of the unique anatomical features of Class Holothuroidea, which are polian vesicles that act as reservoirs of water vascular fluid.

Echinoderms are a group of marine animals characterized by their radial symmetry and spiny skin. Echinoidea is a class within this phylum that includes animals like sea urchins. Starfish belong to the class Asteroidea, sand dollars belong to the class Clypeasteroida, and brittle stars belong to the class Ophiuroidea.

Class Echinoida of phylum Echinoderms are characterized by specific anatomical features including 5 protrusible teeth, 5 gills, the aboral surface which locates the periproct, madroporite, and genital plates, as well as ambulacra with tube feet on the urchin restricted to five bands on the test.

Phyla Enteropneusta is a group of marine hemichordates, and the species Saccoglossus kowalevskii is commonly known as the acorn worm due to its acorn-shaped proboscis.

Phyla Enteropneusta, commonly known as Balanoglossus, is often referred to as acorn worm due to its resemblance to an acorn shape.

Phyla Enteropneusta, also known as acorn worms, have a proboscis used for feeding, which is a characteristic of their anatomy.

Phylum Chordata is characterized by the presence of a dorsal hollow nerve cord, notochord, pharyngeal gill slits, and a post anal tail. These features are unique to the Chordates and help distinguish them from other phyla.

Sea squirt is the common name for an organism classified under Phylum Chordata; Subphylum Tunicata; Class Ascidiacea. While barnacles, jellyfish, and starfish are all also marine organisms, they belong to different taxonomic classifications.

The correct answer is 'a' because...

Phylum Chordata is a major group of animals that includes vertebrates and some closely related invertebrates. Cepholochordata is a subphylum within Phylum Chordata, which includes organisms like lancelets.

The answer 'a' refers to the correct anatomy of Subphylum cephalochordata in Phylum Chordata, which typically includes a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, and pharyngeal slits.

Class Ophiuroidea within the phylum Echinodermata in phylum Deuterostomia is known for having arms that are sharply set off from the disk and have the ability to branch like a basket. The other options presented are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the characteristics of this class.