Human Excretory System Quiz

Explanation
The excretory system is responsible for removing wastes and excess fluid from the body. This system includes organs such as the kidneys, bladder, and lungs, which filter waste products from the blood and eliminate them through urine, sweat, and exhalation. By removing these waste products, the excretory system helps maintain the body's overall balance and prevent the buildup of harmful substances.

Explanation
The kidneys are the major organs of the excretory system because they are responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine. They help regulate the body's fluid balance, electrolyte levels, and blood pressure. The kidneys also play a crucial role in removing toxins, drugs, and excess water from the body. The ureters, on the other hand, are tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder. The ovaries are part of the reproductive system, and the lungs are primarily involved in the respiratory system.

Explanation
The nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys, responsible for filtering waste products and excess water from the blood to form urine. They play a crucial role in maintaining the body's fluid balance, electrolyte levels, and removing metabolic waste products. Therefore, the statement "Filtering of the blood takes place in these areas" accurately describes the function of the nephrons in the kidneys.

Explanation
The ureters are muscular ducts that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. They have smooth muscles in their walls that contract and propel urine through peristaltic movements. The arteries and veins are blood vessels that transport blood, while the pulmonary artery specifically carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. Therefore, the correct answer is ureters.

Explanation
The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. It is responsible for the elimination of urine from the body during urination. The urethra is a muscular tube that connects the bladder to the external urethral opening, allowing urine to pass out of the body.

Explanation
The bladder is the correct answer because it is the organ that collects and stores urine excreted by the kidneys before it is disposed of by urination. The kidneys filter waste products from the blood and produce urine, which then flows down the ureters into the bladder. The bladder expands as it fills with urine and contracts when it is time to urinate, allowing the urine to be expelled through the urethra.

Explanation
The correct answer is skin because it is the largest organ of the body that produces sweat and perspiration. Sweat is produced by sweat glands in the skin and helps regulate body temperature. Perspiration is the process of sweat evaporating from the skin, which also helps cool the body. The skin acts as a barrier between the internal organs and the external environment, protecting the body from harmful substances and regulating moisture levels.

Explanation
The correct answer is glomerulus. The glomerulus is a cluster of capillaries located in the kidneys. It plays a crucial role in the filtration of blood and the formation of urine. The glomerulus is responsible for filtering waste products, excess water, and electrolytes from the blood, while retaining important substances like proteins and red blood cells. This filtration process is a vital part of maintaining the body's fluid balance and eliminating waste products.

Explanation
The correct answer is bean shape. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located in the back of the abdomen. Their shape allows them to fit comfortably in the space between the ribs and the lower back muscles. The bean shape also helps in their function of filtering waste products and excess fluid from the blood, as well as regulating electrolyte levels in the body.

Explanation
Villis are present in the small intestine. Villi are tiny, finger-like projections that line the inner surface of the small intestine. They greatly increase the surface area of the small intestine, allowing for more efficient absorption of nutrients from digested food. The presence of villi in the small intestine helps in the absorption of nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into the bloodstream.