ERS 108 Exam 1 (2)
Practice Quiz for Exam 1 continued. . .
- 1.Earth's shorelines:
- A.
Are ancient and are a result of its time of formaiton.
- B.
Change over time as plates interact.
- C.
Have matured slowly from an intial state to a climax condition.
- D.
Are unchanging over long periods of time.
- 2.Compared to the U.S. East Coast, the coastal zone on the U.S. West Coast is:
- A.
Very narrow.
- B.
Much lower.
- C.
Very wide.
- D.
None of these.
- 3.A 19th Century classification of coasts by W. Morris Davis was based on:
- A.
Plate tectonic setting.
- B.
Age of shoreline.
- C.
Beahes and dunes.
- D.
Maturity of the shoreline.
- E.
Presence or absence of beaches.
- 4.Why is Maine's trailing edge coast rocky?
- A.
It is becoming tectonically active.
- B.
It is a Neo-type trailing edge coast.
- C.
It was glaciated.
- D.
None of these.
- E.
No one knows.
- 5.A shallow estuary with a large tidal range is likely to be:
- A.
Well stratified.
- B.
Rocky.
- C.
Relatively fresh.
- D.
Well mixed.
- E.
None of these.
- 6.An important component of river delta destruction involves:
- A.
Flooding.
- B.
Subsidence.
- C.
Meandering.
- D.
Crevasse splays.
- E.
None of these.
- 7.Very high sediment yield leads to large river sediment discharges in:
- A.
Asia
- B.
Africa
- C.
North America
- D.
Australia
- E.
Siberia
- 8.Waves most effectively erode bedrock:
- A.
In Arctic regions.
- B.
In areas with small tidal ranges.
- C.
In areas with large tidal ranges.
- D.
Where granite is common.
- E.
Behind sandy beaches.
- 9.Sea cliff erosion is a societal problem in:
- A.
Massachusetts.
- B.
Maine
- C.
California
- D.
None of these places.
- 10.Federal laws:
- A.
Prevent armoring of bluffs.
- B.
Say nothing of armoring bluffs.
- C.
Provide flood insurance to properties on bluffs.
- D.
Require that homeowners on eroding bluffs move back.
- 11.Accommodating bluff erosion usually means:
- A.
Building armoring of bluffs.
- B.
Creating a new environment to slow erosion.
- C.
Living with the problem (doing nothing)
- D.
Moving your house.
- E.
None of these.
- 12.River sediment:
- A.
Rarely, if ever, escapes from estuaries.
- B.
Rapidly fills estuaries.
- C.
Escapes from estuaries to build deltas on the continental shelf.
- D.
Does nto enter estuaries.
- 13.Under Maine's Shoreland Zoning Law, highly hazardous bluffs:
- A.
Require houses built on them to have flood insurance.
- B.
Require that vegetation be cleared annually.
- C.
Cannot be walked on.
- D.
Cannot be owned.
- E.
Require that new houses be set back from their edge.
- 14.An autogenic landform would be:
- A.
A salt marsh.
- B.
A tidal falt.
- C.
A sea cliff.
- D.
A beach.
- E.
None of these.
- 15.The destruction of New Orleans by storm surge was:
- A.
Inevitable.
- B.
Unpredicted.
- C.
Part of the delta cycle.
- D.
Completely a result of natural causes.
- E.
Completely a result of human activities.
- 16.As seacliff erodes, the rate of erosion is strongly influenced by:
- A.
Fracture density.
- B.
Tidal range.
- C.
Wave energy.
- D.
All of these.
- E.
None of these.
- 17.The Mississippi River delta is presently:
- A.
Growing rapidly seaward.
- B.
Adding land slowly.
- C.
In a balance between land added the lost.
- D.
Losing land rapidly.
- 18.List three mechanisms by which rivers transport sediment:
- 19.Identify the coastal tectonic setting that has the fewest large river deltas.
- 20.Where does estuarine sediment ultimately come from?
- 21.List three processes by which the ocean erodes bedrock:
- 22.List three general options a homeowner on a rapidly eroding bluff has to save his or her house:
- 23.Identify the geological term used to describe the rapid downslope movement of large masses of material:
- 24.Three factors that influence the shape of a river delta are:
- 25.Name an estuary in a drowned river valley.
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