Enlightenment/Sci. Rev. Quiz 2
Complete the Quiz on the Enlightenment. Remember you do need to graph your data!
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is the best definition of Renaissance?
- A.
Beginnings of Kings and Queens on the European continent
- B.
Refreshment of European interests in New World exploration
- C.
Reogranization of governments of Europe
- D.
Rebirth of culture in Europe
Correct Answer
D. Rebirth of culture in EuropeExplanation
The best definition of Renaissance is the rebirth of culture in Europe. This period, spanning from the 14th to the 17th century, saw a revival of interest in the arts, literature, and sciences. It was characterized by a renewed focus on humanism, classical learning, and artistic expression. The Renaissance marked a significant shift away from the medieval period and laid the foundation for the modern world.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What powerful family helped to spread the influence of the Renaissance culture thorughout Italy?
- A.
Tudor
- B.
Medici
- C.
Francis
- D.
Florence
Correct Answer
B. MediciExplanation
The Medici family played a significant role in spreading the influence of the Renaissance culture throughout Italy. They were a powerful and wealthy family from Florence who were patrons of the arts and sciences. They supported and funded many artists, architects, and scholars during the Renaissance period, which helped to foster the development and spread of Renaissance ideas and culture. Their patronage and support allowed for the flourishing of art, literature, and intellectual pursuits, making them instrumental in the dissemination of Renaissance ideals across Italy.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Reformation: ____________ revolutionRenaissance: cultural revolution
- A.
Political
- B.
Religious
- C.
Economic
- D.
Social
Correct Answer
B. ReligiousExplanation
The given answer is "religious" because the Reformation was a religious revolution that took place in the 16th century, led by Martin Luther and other reformers. It was a movement that aimed to reform the Catholic Church and resulted in the establishment of Protestantism as a separate branch of Christianity. Similarly, the Renaissance was a cultural revolution that occurred in Europe during the 14th to 17th centuries, characterized by a renewed interest in art, literature, and learning. It was not primarily focused on political, economic, or social changes, but rather on the revival of classical knowledge and humanistic values. Therefore, the correct answer is "religious" as it accurately represents the nature of the Reformation and the Renaissance.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Machaivellli, a Renaissance political thinker, would be best remember by which of the following statements?
- A.
Be Bold, Do whatever it takes to stay in power, Be strong
- B.
The weak will never survive in the end
- C.
Be curious and love art
- D.
Kings and Queens will rule the world
Correct Answer
A. Be Bold, Do whatever it takes to stay in power, Be strongExplanation
Machiavelli is best remembered for his statement "Be Bold, Do whatever it takes to stay in power, Be strong." This statement reflects Machiavelli's belief that a ruler should prioritize maintaining their power and be willing to take bold and even ruthless actions to achieve this goal. Machiavelli's political philosophy, as outlined in his book "The Prince," emphasizes the importance of power and the use of force, deception, and manipulation in politics. He argues that a ruler should prioritize their own interests and the stability of the state over moral considerations. This statement encapsulates Machiavelli's pragmatic and amoral approach to politics.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Why was the Columbian Exchange named after Christopher Columbus?
- A.
He invented the term
- B.
He was an expert on New World species
- C.
His ship was nicknamed the Columbian Exchange
- D.
His voyages marked the beginning of the exchange
Correct Answer
D. His voyages marked the beginning of the exchangeExplanation
The Columbian Exchange was named after Christopher Columbus because his voyages marked the beginning of the exchange. During his explorations, Columbus encountered the New World and initiated a significant exchange of goods, ideas, and organisms between the Americas and the rest of the world. This exchange had a profound impact on global history and led to the transfer of various plants, animals, diseases, and cultural practices between the Old World and the New World. Therefore, Columbus's voyages were considered the starting point of this transformative exchange, and hence it was named after him.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The Ottoman Empire had taken control of most of the overland trade routes, so Europe needed to search for a cheaper route to Asia.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
During the time of the Ottoman Empire, they had control over the majority of the land trade routes that connected Europe to Asia. This meant that European merchants had to pay high fees and taxes to the Ottomans in order to access these routes. As a result, Europe began searching for alternative, cheaper routes to Asia, such as finding a sea route. Therefore, the statement that the Ottoman Empire's control of trade routes led Europe to search for a cheaper route to Asia is true.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The Scientific Revolution can be best described as...?
- A.
A new way of thinking about the natural world based upon careful observaion and being able to question accepted beliefs
- B.
The realization that the Earth was round instead of flat during the Age of Discovery
- C.
The discovery of nulclear energy as a main source of power
- D.
An acceptance that the Catholic Church was the only true source of knowledge
Correct Answer
A. A new way of thinking about the natural world based upon careful observaion and being able to question accepted beliefsExplanation
The Scientific Revolution can be best described as a new way of thinking about the natural world based upon careful observation and being able to question accepted beliefs. This means that during this period, people started to rely on observation and experimentation rather than relying solely on traditional beliefs and religious authority. They began to question and challenge the accepted knowledge and theories, leading to significant advancements in various fields such as physics, astronomy, and biology. This shift in thinking laid the foundation for the development of modern science.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The heliocentric theory suggested that...?
- A.
Earth is the only planet able to sustain life
- B.
The sun is the center of our solar system
- C.
All humans have one common ancestor
- D.
The sun will eventually turn into a black hole
Correct Answer
B. The sun is the center of our solar systemExplanation
The heliocentric theory proposed that the sun is the center of our solar system. This theory, developed by Nicolaus Copernicus in the 16th century, challenged the prevailing belief that the Earth was the center of the universe. According to the heliocentric model, the planets, including Earth, revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits. This theory revolutionized our understanding of the solar system and laid the foundation for modern astronomy.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which scientist does not belong with the Enlightenment/Scientfiic Revolution Era?
- A.
Issac Newton
- B.
Galilelo Galilei
- C.
Francis Bacon
- D.
Albert Einstein
Correct Answer
D. Albert EinsteinExplanation
Albert Einstein does not belong with the Enlightenment/Scientific Revolution Era because he lived and made significant contributions to science in the 20th century, while the Enlightenment/Scientific Revolution Era refers to the period from the 17th to the 18th century. Einstein's groundbreaking theories, such as the theory of relativity, came much later and were not part of the scientific advancements during the Enlightenment period.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Montesquieu's philosophy can be found in which famous American document?
- A.
Treaty of Paris
- B.
Declaration of Independence
- C.
US Constitution
- D.
Gettysburg Address
Correct Answer
C. US ConstitutionExplanation
Montesquieu's philosophy can be found in the US Constitution. Montesquieu was a French philosopher who believed in the separation of powers, which is a key principle in the US Constitution. The Constitution establishes three branches of government - the legislative, executive, and judicial branches - and assigns specific powers to each branch. This system of checks and balances was influenced by Montesquieu's idea of separating powers to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful. Therefore, the US Constitution reflects Montesquieu's philosophy.Rate this question:
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- 11.
John Locke believed in the concept of natural rights of the indiividual. What US document did he later help influence in our national history?
- A.
Gettysburg Address
- B.
US Constitution
- C.
Declaration of Independence
- D.
Emancipation Proclamation
Correct Answer
C. Declaration of IndependenceExplanation
John Locke's belief in the concept of natural rights of the individual greatly influenced the writing of the Declaration of Independence. The Declaration of Independence, written primarily by Thomas Jefferson, draws heavily from Locke's ideas of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness as inherent and unalienable rights. Locke's influence can be seen in the language and principles expressed in the document, making the Declaration of Independence the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Select the best definition of revolution.
- A.
Change
- B.
War
- C.
Conflict
- D.
Independence
Correct Answer
A. ChangeExplanation
Revolution refers to a significant and fundamental change in a particular system, structure, or way of thinking. It involves a complete transformation or overturning of established norms, practices, or beliefs. This can occur in various contexts such as politics, society, technology, or culture. The term "revolution" does not specifically imply war, conflict, or independence, although these can sometimes be outcomes or catalysts for revolution. Therefore, "change" is the most accurate and comprehensive definition of revolution.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Heliocentric theory greatly disturbed the most powerful influence in Europe. Identify who would not have been happy with this theory.
- A.
Church Leaders
- B.
Issac Newton
- C.
John Locke
- D.
Sir Francis Bacon
Correct Answer
A. Church LeadersExplanation
Church leaders would not have been happy with the heliocentric theory because it contradicted the geocentric view of the universe that was supported by the Church. The heliocentric theory proposed that the Earth revolved around the Sun, challenging the Church's belief that the Earth was the center of the universe. This would have undermined the Church's authority and challenged their interpretation of biblical texts. Therefore, church leaders would have been greatly disturbed by this theory.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The geocentric theory would be best described as...?
- A.
Earth is the center of the universe
- B.
Sun is the center of the universe
- C.
Moon is the center of the universe
- D.
Church is the center of the universe
Correct Answer
A. Earth is the center of the universeExplanation
The geocentric theory, which was widely accepted in ancient times, believed that the Earth is the center of the universe. This theory proposed that all celestial bodies, including the Sun, Moon, and other planets, revolve around the Earth. This view was supported by religious and philosophical beliefs at the time and was later replaced by the heliocentric theory, which states that the Sun is at the center of the solar system.Rate this question:
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- 15.
John Locke would have supported which of the following?
- A.
The separate branches of government
- B.
The desire to have a absolute monarch or king
- C.
Social Contracts between the people and the government
- D.
Life, Liberty, Property- Natural Rights
Correct Answer
D. Life, Liberty, Property- Natural RightsExplanation
John Locke, a prominent Enlightenment philosopher, believed in the concept of natural rights. He argued that every individual has the inherent rights to life, liberty, and property. These rights are not granted by the government but are instead natural and inalienable. Locke believed that the purpose of government is to protect these rights and that individuals have the right to rebel against a government that fails to do so. Therefore, it can be inferred that Locke would have supported the idea of Life, Liberty, Property- Natural Rights.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Why was Galileo placed under house arrest in his lifetime?
- A.
He spoke out against Martin Luther during the Protestant Reformation
- B.
He was convicted of a crime
- C.
He published his views that supported the heliocentric view and the church was upset with his thoughts
- D.
He was stealing secrets from Isaac Newton
Correct Answer
C. He published his views that supported the heliocentric view and the church was upset with his thoughtsExplanation
During Galileo's lifetime, he was placed under house arrest because he published his views that supported the heliocentric view, which stated that the Earth revolves around the Sun. This contradicted the geocentric view supported by the Catholic Church, which believed that the Earth was the center of the universe. The Church was upset with Galileo's thoughts as they challenged their established beliefs and authority. As a result, Galileo faced persecution and was restricted to his house for the remainder of his life.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The Scientific Revolution grew out of thinking from the Renaissance time period.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The Scientific Revolution did indeed grow out of thinking from the Renaissance time period. The Renaissance was a period of great intellectual and cultural change in Europe, characterized by a renewed interest in the study of classical texts and a shift towards humanism. This intellectual atmosphere set the stage for new ways of thinking and questioning traditional beliefs, which ultimately led to the Scientific Revolution. During this time, scientists and philosophers began to challenge the authority of the church and ancient thinkers, relying instead on observation, experimentation, and reason to understand the natural world. This marked a significant shift in the approach to knowledge and laid the foundation for modern science.Rate this question:
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- 18.
During the Enlightenment, we see a shift from monarchies across Europe to revolutions that developed other forms of governments.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
During the Enlightenment, there was indeed a shift from monarchies to revolutions that led to the development of other forms of governments. This period, which took place in the 18th century, was characterized by a focus on reason, science, and individual rights. The ideas of philosophers such as John Locke and Voltaire challenged the absolute power of monarchs and advocated for the establishment of democratic governments. This ultimately led to the American and French Revolutions, which overthrew monarchies and established republics. Therefore, the statement "True" accurately reflects this historical shift during the Enlightenment.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What did Enlightenment thinkers want to rely on?
- A.
The power of the monarchs
- B.
Reason and logic
- C.
The Roman Catholic Church
- D.
Military power and might
Correct Answer
B. Reason and logicExplanation
Enlightenment thinkers wanted to rely on reason and logic because they believed in the power of human intellect to understand and improve the world. They rejected the authority of monarchs and the Roman Catholic Church, instead advocating for rational thinking and scientific inquiry. By relying on reason and logic, they aimed to challenge traditional beliefs and institutions, promote individual freedoms, and advance knowledge and progress in society.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which statement would best represent the relationship between Christianity and the Enlightenment thinkers?
- A.
Most Enlightenment thinkers did not believe in God
- B.
Most Enlightenment thinkers believed in science and nature
- C.
Most Enlighenment thinkers believed in God
- D.
Most Enlightenment thinkers believed that people should not have a key religion
Correct Answer
C. Most Enlighenment thinkers believed in GodExplanation
During the Enlightenment period, many thinkers emphasized reason, logic, and scientific inquiry. However, this does not mean that they rejected the existence of God. In fact, most Enlightenment thinkers believed in God, although their understanding of God and religion may have differed from traditional religious beliefs. They sought to reconcile faith and reason, and many advocated for a more rational and tolerant approach to religion. Therefore, the statement "Most Enlightenment thinkers believed in God" accurately reflects the relationship between Christianity and the Enlightenment thinkers.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Trade increased during the Renaissance and the Enlightenment.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
During the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, trade indeed increased. These periods were characterized by a revival of learning, exploration, and innovation, which led to advancements in technology, navigation, and trade routes. The Renaissance saw the rise of merchant classes and the establishment of trade networks, while the Enlightenment promoted ideas of free trade and economic liberalism. This resulted in an expansion of trade and commerce, as well as the emergence of powerful trading nations such as Italy, Spain, and England. Therefore, the statement "Trade increased during the Renaissance and the Enlightenment" is true.Rate this question:
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Mar 17, 2023Quiz Edited by
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