Chapter 10: Revolution And Enlightenment, 1550–1800 Chapter Overview
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Answer questions about Chapter 10: Revolution and Enlightenment, 1550–1800 Chapter Overview.
- 1.The ___________________________ gave rise to a intellectual movement—the Enlightenment. Enlightenment thought provided the philosophical foundations for the American Revolution.
- A.
French Revolution
- B.
American Revolution
- C.
Scientific Revolution
- D.
German Revolution
- 2.Britain lost its colonies in North America to the newly formed __________________, while Spain and Portugal held onto their profitable Latin American colonies.
- A.
United States
- B.
Germany
- C.
France
- D.
Africa
- 3.Sixteenth-century Europeans began to question the scientific assumptions of the ancient authorities and to develop new theories about the ___________.
- A.
History
- B.
People
- C.
World
- D.
universe
- 4.Nicholas Copernicus, Johannes Kepler, and Galileo Galilei revolutionized ____________.
- A.
Medicine
- B.
astronomy
- C.
History
- D.
Math
- 5.Copernicus claimed that the sun, not the earth, was at the center of the universe—an idea considered heresy by the __________.
- A.
Baptist Church
- B.
Catholic Church
- C.
Mission Church
- D.
Christian Church
- 6.Equally revolutionary were Isaac Newton's explanations of ____________________.
- A.
Of philosophy and reason in improving society.
- B.
Gravity and the movement of the planets.
- C.
Methodism.
- D.
Taxation.
- 7.There were breakthroughs in medicine and chemistry, and numerous women contributed to the body of ___________.
- A.
Scientific research.
- B.
Poetry research.
- C.
Music research.
- D.
History research.
- 8.The new view of the universe affected ____________ philosophy.
- A.
Western
- B.
Eastern
- C.
Southern
- D.
Northern
- 9.The Frenchman ____________, the first rationalist, declared that matter could be independently investigated by reason.
- A.
Nicholas Copernicus
- B.
Johannes Kepler
- C.
Rene Descartes
- D.
Galileo Galilei
- 10.Francis Bacon, an English philosopher, developed the scientific method—a system for collecting and analyzing evidence.
- A.
Johannes Kepler
- B.
Francis Bacon
- C.
Frederick the Great
- D.
Catherine the Great
- 11.The desire for a more spiritual experience inspired new religious movements, such as the ___________________.
- A.
Catholic of John Wesley
- B.
Christian of John Wesley
- C.
Baptist of John Wesley
- D.
Methodism of John Wesley
- 12.The Scientific Revolution gave rise to the_______________, an eighteenth-century movement that stressed the role of philosophy and reason in improving society.
- A.
Enlightenment
- B.
Natural Rights
- C.
Territorial
- D.
Succession
- 13.Enlightenment intellectuals, known as philosophes, were chiefly social reformers from the nobility and the __________.
- A.
No class
- B.
Upper class
- C.
Lower class
- D.
Middle class
- 14.They often met in the salons of the upper classes to discuss the ideas of such giants as _________________________________________.
- A.
Bach, Handel, Haydn, and Mozart .
- B.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Mary Wollstonecraft.
- C.
Nicholas Copernicus, Johannes Kepler, and Galileo Galilei.
- D.
Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Diderot.
- 15.In the economic sphere, ___________ put forth the doctrine of laissez-faire economics.
- A.
Adam Smith
- B.
Mary Wollstonecraft
- C.
John Wesley
- D.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
- 16.The later Enlightenment produced social thinkers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau and an early advocate of women's rights, ______________.
- A.
Mary Wollstonecraft
- B.
Catherine the Great
- C.
Rose Craft
- D.
Joan Montesquieu
- 17.__________ gatherings, along with the growth of book and magazine publishing, helped spread Enlightenment ideas among a broad audience.
- A.
Novels
- B.
Baroque
- C.
Salon
- D.
Constitution
- 18.Most Europeans were still Christians.
- A.
At war.
- B.
Christians
- C.
Musicians.
- D.
Artists
- 19.The desire for a more spiritual experience inspired new religious movements, such as the __________________.
- A.
Constitution of John Wesley
- B.
Christians of John Wesley
- C.
Baroque of John Wesley
- D.
Methodism of John Wesley
- 20.The Enlightenment influenced both ___________.
- A.
Education and music
- B.
Art and politics.
- C.
Love and marriage.
- D.
Literature and history
- 21.The baroque and _________ styles of art endured, while a more delicate style, called rococo, emerged.
- A.
Colonial power
- B.
Neoclassical
- C.
Classical
- D.
Methodism
- 22.The works of Bach, Handel, Haydn, and Mozart represented one of the greatest periods in The works of Bach, Handel, Haydn, and Mozart represented one of the greatest periods in ___________.
- A.
European music.
- B.
African music.
- C.
American music.
- D.
South American music.
- 23.Novels attracted a middle-class audience. Novels
- A.
Science
- B.
Short stories
- C.
Novels
- D.
History
- 24.The Enlightenment interested the absolutist rulers of ___________.
- A.
Europe.
- B.
America
- C.
Germany
- D.
Africa
- 25.______________, attempted far-reaching reforms based on Enlightenment ideas; they were largely a failure.
- A.
Mary Wollstonecraft of France
- B.
Joseph II of Austria
- C.
Frederick the Great of Prussia
- D.
Catherine the Great of Russia
- 26.The reforms of Catherine the Great of Russia and Frederick the Great of Prussia were far more ___________.
- A.
Limited
- B.
Increased
- C.
Took away
- D.
Decreased
- 27.Territorial disputes in Europe and in the colonial empires of Britain and France produced the ___________________________, followed by the Seven Years' War.
- A.
War of Spanish Succession
- B.
War of German Succession
- C.
War of FrenchSuccession
- D.
War of Austrian Succession
- 28.In the end, France lost India and most of North America, and Britain emerged as the world's greatest___________.
- A.
Extreme power
- B.
World power
- C.
Colonial power
- D.
No power
- 29.In the sixteenth century, Portugal came to control Brazil, while Spain established an empire in the ------------------------that included parts of North America and most of Latin America.
- A.
Western Hemisphere
- B.
Southern Hemisphere
- C.
Eastern Hemisphere
- D.
Northern Hemisphere
- 30.Portugal and Spain held onto their Latin American colonies for over 300 years
- A.
500 years
- B.
200 years
- C.
300 years
- D.
100 years
- 31.During Colonial Empires and the American Revolution, they profited richly by exporting Latin American gold, silver, and other natural resources and ____________.
- A.
Music
- B.
Farm products
- C.
Art
- D.
Science
- 32.Spanish and Portuguese officials and Christian missionaries played important roles in Latin American societies.
- A.
Latin American and British societies.
- B.
Latin American societies.
- C.
American societies.
- D.
Latin and French American societies.
- 33.In North America, British control over its colonies began to unravel over issues of taxation.
- A.
Buying.
- B.
Jobs.
- C.
Trade.
- D.
Taxation.
- 34.Multiple crises led the Americans to declare their ________________and to fight Britain until its defeat in 1783.
- A.
Independence in 1876
- B.
Independence in 2000
- C.
Independence in 1600
- D.
Independence in 1776
- 35.The _________________ that formed the United States were soon replaced with a Constitution, which created a stronger central government.
- A.
Articles of Confederation
- B.
Bill of Rights
- C.
Laissez-faire economics
- D.
Catholic Church
- 36.The Bill of Rights added important ___________ derived from the natural rights expressed by the philosophes.
- A.
Wrongs
- B.
Freedoms
- C.
Jobs
- D.
Activities
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