Ecosystems: Energy And Food Chains

Explanation
Plants undergo a process called photosynthesis, where they use water and carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen. This glucose is then converted into other forms of energy, such as starch, which is stored in the plant's cells. Therefore, plants do use water and carbon dioxide to store the sun's energy, making the statement "True."

Explanation
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen. The organisms that are capable of performing photosynthesis are called producers because they produce their own food (glucose) using sunlight as an energy source. They are able to convert light energy into chemical energy, which is essential for the survival of other organisms in the ecosystem. Therefore, the statement that organisms that make energy through photosynthesis are called producers is true.

Explanation
Consumers are organisms that rely on other organisms for their food. They cannot produce their own food through photosynthesis like plants do. Instead, they obtain energy by consuming other organisms. This can include animals that eat plants (herbivores), animals that eat other animals (carnivores), and animals that eat both plants and animals (omnivores). Therefore, the statement "Organisms that cannot make their own food are called consumers" is true.

Explanation
herbivores

Explanation
primary

Explanation
This statement is true because higher consumers require more energy to fulfill their needs, and as a result, the amount of energy available decreases. Higher consumers typically have a larger energy demand and consume more resources, leading to a decrease in the overall energy available.

Explanation
producers to consumers

Explanation
The statement is true because slugs, snails, and mice are all examples of primary consumers. Primary consumers are organisms that feed directly on producers, such as plants or algae. Slugs and snails are herbivores that eat plants, while mice are omnivores that eat both plants and other animals. Therefore, they all occupy the second trophic level in a food chain or food web, consuming producers and serving as a food source for secondary consumers.

Explanation
In a food chain, energy is transferred from one organism to another. However, not all of the energy is transferred efficiently. Only about 10% of the energy is passed from one trophic level to the next, while the remaining 90% is lost as heat or used by the organism for its own metabolic processes. This loss of energy occurs at each level of the food chain, resulting in a decrease in available energy for each successive consumer. Therefore, it is true that about 90% of the energy is lost in a food chain from producer to consumer.

Explanation
snake is secondary and hawk is tertiary