Easa Mod 5 - Digital Techniques

The correct answer is raster and stroke. Raster is a method of painting information onto the screen by using a grid of pixels. It involves coloring each individual pixel to create an image or display text. Stroke, on the other hand, refers to the process of painting lines or outlines onto the screen. It involves defining the thickness, color, and style of the lines to create shapes or borders. Both raster and stroke are commonly used methods for painting information onto the screen in various applications and graphic design.

The correct answer is Red, Green, Blue. CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) electron guns are used in old television and computer monitors to create images on the screen. These electron guns emit beams of electrons that hit phosphor dots on the screen, causing them to glow and create different colors. The combination of red, green, and blue phosphor dots allows for the creation of a wide range of colors on the screen. By varying the intensity of each electron beam, different colors can be produced, resulting in a full-color display.

The Directional Gyro provides heading information. It is a navigation instrument that displays the aircraft's current heading, allowing the pilot to maintain the desired direction of flight. This information is crucial for navigation and maintaining the aircraft on the correct course.

Both the Horizon Gyro and Directional Gyro were introduced to overcome Blind Flight problems. The Horizon Gyro provides information about the aircraft's attitude and bank angle, allowing pilots to maintain level flight and avoid dangerous situations. The Directional Gyro, on the other hand, indicates the aircraft's heading, enabling pilots to navigate accurately even in low visibility conditions. By combining the information provided by both instruments, pilots can safely fly without relying solely on visual references, thus overcoming Blind Flight problems.

The correct answer is Airspeed, Altimeter, Pitch & Roll Attitude and HSI. These four indicators are considered the basic T indicators in aviation. The airspeed indicator measures the speed of the aircraft through the air. The altimeter indicates the altitude or height above sea level. The pitch & roll attitude indicator shows the aircraft's pitch (nose up or down) and roll (banking left or right) attitudes. The HSI (Horizontal Situation Indicator) provides information on the aircraft's heading, course, and navigation data. These indicators are crucial for pilots to maintain control and navigate safely during flight.

The Horizon Gyro provides information about the aircraft's attitude, which refers to its orientation in relation to the horizon. This includes the aircraft's pitch (nose up or down), roll (banking left or right), and yaw (turning left or right). By providing attitude information, the Horizon Gyro helps pilots maintain proper control and stability of the aircraft during flight.

The correct answer is EADI & EHSI. In a glass cockpit, the two primary displays are the Electronic Attitude Director Indicator (EADI) and the Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator (EHSI). The EADI provides information about the aircraft's attitude, heading, and altitude, while the EHSI displays the aircraft's position in relation to its planned route and provides navigation information. These displays are essential for pilots to have situational awareness and effectively navigate the aircraft.

The correct answer is Symbol Generator. Symbol Generator is responsible for processing the video signals to drive the displays. It generates symbols and graphics that are displayed on the screen. The Sigma Generator and Signal Generator are not specifically designed for video signal processing and may have different functions in the overall system.

In a large commercial aircraft, there are typically three symbol generators. These symbol generators are responsible for generating various symbols and displays on the aircraft's instrument panels, such as the flight instruments, navigation systems, and other cockpit displays. Having three symbol generators allows for redundancy and ensures that if one were to fail, the other two can continue to provide the necessary information to the pilots.

Mixing the 3 electron guns colors will produce Magenta, Cyan, Yellow, and White. This is because Magenta is created by mixing Red and Blue, Cyan is created by mixing Green and Blue, Yellow is created by mixing Red and Green, and White is created by mixing all three primary colors together.

Comparators are electronic devices used to compare two signals and determine the difference between them. They analyze the input signals and produce an output based on whether one signal is higher or lower than the other. Therefore, the correct answer is "Difference in signals from two sources" as comparators are specifically designed to detect and measure the variation between two input signals.

The correct answer is "Displays Engine Data Continuously" because the acronym ECAM stands for Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor. This system is used in aircraft to continuously display and monitor engine data. It provides real-time information about the engine's performance, fuel consumption, temperatures, and other important parameters. The ECAM helps pilots to monitor the engine's health and make informed decisions during the flight.

The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator (EHSI) is a display that provides various information to pilots. One of the key functions of the EHSI is to show the aircraft's position and heading in relation to navigation. This means that it displays the aircraft's current location and the direction it is heading in relation to the planned route or navigation aids. This information is crucial for pilots to maintain situational awareness and navigate accurately during flight. The EHSI may also display flight director information, which provides guidance for the pilot to follow a specific flight path, as well as the aircraft's attitude and horizon to assist with maintaining level flight.

Flight instruments are instruments that aid in controlling the in-flight attitude of the aircraft and give a picture of the aircraft's flight condition. These instruments provide crucial information to the pilot, such as airspeed, altitude, heading, and attitude. They help the pilot maintain control and stability during the flight by providing accurate and real-time data. Examples of flight instruments include the altimeter, airspeed indicator, attitude indicator, and heading indicator. These instruments are essential for safe and efficient flight operations.

The EADI Display shows warning messages and status messages in addition to other information such as distance to go and temperature. This means that the display provides important notifications and updates regarding any potential issues or alerts that the user needs to be aware of. It ensures that the user is informed about the current status of the system and any potential warnings that may require attention. Additionally, the display also provides information about the remaining distance to the destination and the temperature, which can be useful for monitoring and planning purposes.

A CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) contains three electron guns. These guns are responsible for emitting and focusing electron beams onto the screen of the CRT. Each gun is dedicated to one of the primary colors: red, green, and blue. By combining these three colors, the CRT can produce a wide range of colors on the screen. Therefore, the correct answer is 3.

The Electronic Attitude Director shows the Glide Scope and Localiser deviation. This means that it displays the vertical and horizontal deviation of the aircraft from the desired glide path and localiser course during instrument approaches. This information is crucial for pilots to maintain proper alignment and descent during landing approaches, ensuring safe and accurate navigation.

EICAS stands for Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System. It is an aircraft system that displays various information related to the engine and other systems. One of its functions is to display faults or abnormalities in the event of a fault condition. This helps the crew to quickly identify and address any issues that may arise during the flight. The other options mentioned, such as displaying pictures and diagrams of the system, or providing information in normal operation, are not the primary function of EICAS.

The flicker-free refreshing rate for raster is 40 times per second. This means that the image on the screen is refreshed 40 times in a second, which helps to reduce or eliminate the flickering effect that can cause eye strain and discomfort. A higher refreshing rate ensures smoother motion and a more stable image on the screen, resulting in a better viewing experience for the user.

The requirement for aircraft instrumentation, as stated by the CAA, is that the flight instruments should be grouped symmetrically. This means that the instruments should be arranged in a balanced and mirrored manner on the aircraft's instrument panel. This ensures that the pilot can easily locate and interpret the information provided by the instruments, as they are positioned in a consistent and logical manner. Having the instruments grouped symmetrically also helps in maintaining a sense of visual harmony and reducing the pilot's cognitive workload during flight operations.

The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator (EHSI) displays ILS Steering Information. This means that the EHSI provides guidance and information related to the Instrument Landing System (ILS), which is a ground-based navigation aid used by pilots during the approach and landing phases of a flight. The ILS Steering Information displayed on the EHSI helps pilots accurately align the aircraft with the runway and maintain the correct glide slope for a safe landing.

In the modern EFIS systems, failure of data signals are displayed on each EADI and EHSI by a yellow flag. This is a standard convention in aviation to indicate a caution or warning. The yellow flag serves as a visual indicator to the pilot that there is an issue with the data signals being received by the EFIS system. It alerts the pilot to the fact that there may be unreliable or inaccurate information being displayed on the instruments, allowing them to take appropriate action and rely on alternative sources of information if necessary.

The flicker-free refreshing rate for stroke is 80 times a second. This means that the screen refreshes or updates its image 80 times in one second, which helps to reduce or eliminate the flickering effect that can cause eye strain or discomfort. A higher refreshing rate is generally preferred as it provides smoother and more comfortable viewing experience.