Earth Science Test 2

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2. What is the SP lag time for the seismograph below?

The SP lag time for the seismograph is 35 seconds. This means that there is a delay of 35 seconds between the occurrence of an earthquake or seismic event and the recording of it on the seismograph. The lag time is important for accurately determining the location and magnitude of earthquakes, as it allows for the calculation of the time it takes for seismic waves to travel from the source to the seismograph.

Explanation

The SP lag time for the seismograph is 35 seconds. This means that there is a delay of 35 seconds between the occurrence of an earthquake or seismic event and the recording of it on the seismograph. The lag time is important for accurately determining the location and magnitude of earthquakes, as it allows for the calculation of the time it takes for seismic waves to travel from the source to the seismograph.

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3. Hawaii is found on the middle of the Pacific Plate. Being that it is not near faults, how did these islands formed?

The formation of the Hawaiian islands can be explained by the presence of a hot spot. A hot spot is an area of intense volcanic activity that remains stationary while the tectonic plates move above it. As the Pacific Plate moved over the hot spot, magma from the mantle rose to the surface, forming a chain of volcanic islands. This process continued over millions of years, creating the Hawaiian archipelago. Despite not being near any faults, the islands were able to form due to the unique geological activity associated with hot spots.

Explanation

The formation of the Hawaiian islands can be explained by the presence of a hot spot. A hot spot is an area of intense volcanic activity that remains stationary while the tectonic plates move above it. As the Pacific Plate moved over the hot spot, magma from the mantle rose to the surface, forming a chain of volcanic islands. This process continued over millions of years, creating the Hawaiian archipelago. Despite not being near any faults, the islands were able to form due to the unique geological activity associated with hot spots.

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4. Which type of fault is represented by the picture below?

Normal fault

Abnormal fault

Reverse fault

Strike-Slip fault

The picture represents a reverse fault, which is a type of fault where the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall. This can occur when compressional forces cause the crust to shorten and the rocks to be pushed together. In a reverse fault, the angle of the fault plane is steep, and the fault motion is primarily vertical. This type of fault is commonly associated with convergent plate boundaries, where two tectonic plates collide.

Explanation

The picture represents a reverse fault, which is a type of fault where the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall. This can occur when compressional forces cause the crust to shorten and the rocks to be pushed together. In a reverse fault, the angle of the fault plane is steep, and the fault motion is primarily vertical. This type of fault is commonly associated with convergent plate boundaries, where two tectonic plates collide.

5. What is represented by the picture below?

Strike-slip falut

Transform boundary

Divergent boundary

Convergent boundary

The picture represents a transform boundary. This type of boundary occurs when two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally. Transform boundaries are characterized by intense seismic activity, as the plates grind against each other. This movement can result in earthquakes.

Explanation

The picture represents a transform boundary. This type of boundary occurs when two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally. Transform boundaries are characterized by intense seismic activity, as the plates grind against each other. This movement can result in earthquakes.

6. What type of stress is represented in the image below?

Shearing

Srike-slip

Transform

Tension

The image likely shows a type of stress called shearing. Shearing stress occurs when two parts of a material are pushed in opposite directions parallel to each other. This type of stress can cause the material to deform or break. In the image, there may be a visible displacement or distortion of the material, indicating the presence of shearing stress. The other options, strike-slip, transform, and tension, do not specifically involve the parallel movement of material as shearing does.

Explanation

The image likely shows a type of stress called shearing. Shearing stress occurs when two parts of a material are pushed in opposite directions parallel to each other. This type of stress can cause the material to deform or break. In the image, there may be a visible displacement or distortion of the material, indicating the presence of shearing stress. The other options, strike-slip, transform, and tension, do not specifically involve the parallel movement of material as shearing does.