Igneous Rocks MCQ Quiz: Trivia!

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    Igneous rock originates when hot, molten material called __________ cools and crystallizes.

    • Sediment
    • Skarn
    • Firn
    • Magma
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About This Quiz

Igneous rocks are formed after the cooling and solidification of lava. These rocks generally materialize in shields, basins, extended crust, and oceanic crust. This quiz will test your knowledge about the formation of volcanic (extrusive or intrusive) rocks in different geological conditions. Let's try it out! All the best!

Igneous Rocks MCQ Quiz: Trivia! - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    A rock that forms below the earth's surface is?

    • Intrusive

    • Extrusive

    • Laccolith

    • Batholith

    Correct Answer
    A. Intrusive
    Explanation
    An intrusive rock is formed below the earth's surface through the process of solidification of magma. These rocks are characterized by their coarse-grained texture due to slow cooling and crystallization. They often have a visible interlocking structure of minerals. Therefore, the correct answer is "Intrusive" as it describes the formation of rocks below the earth's surface.

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  • 3. 

    A rock that is formed at the earth's surface is?

    • Laccolith

    • Dike

    • Batholith

    • Sill

    • Extrusive

    Correct Answer
    A. Extrusive
    Explanation
    Extrusive rocks are formed from volcanic activity at the Earth's surface. When magma erupts onto the surface, it cools quickly and solidifies, forming fine-grained rocks such as basalt or rhyolite. In contrast, intrusive rocks, such as laccoliths, dikes, batholiths, and sills, are formed from magma that cools slowly beneath the Earth's surface. Therefore, the correct answer is extrusive, indicating that the rock is formed at the Earth's surface.

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  • 4. 

    In a rock with a porphyritic texture, the large crystals are referred to as __________.

    • Groundmass

    • Orthoblasts

    • Erratics

    • Phenocrysts

    Correct Answer
    A. Phenocrysts
    Explanation
    In a rock with a porphyritic texture, the large crystals are referred to as phenocrysts. Porphyritic texture is characterized by the presence of both large and small crystals in the rock. The large crystals, known as phenocrysts, are surrounded by finer-grained crystals called groundmass. Therefore, phenocrysts is the correct term to describe the large crystals in a rock with porphyritic texture.

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  • 5. 

    Igneous rocks rich in dark silicate minerals with about 50 percent silica are said to have a(n) __________ composition.

    • Basaltic

    • Fine-grained

    • Rhyolitic

    • Granitic

    Correct Answer
    A. Basaltic
    Explanation
    Igneous rocks rich in dark silicate minerals with about 50 percent silica are said to have a basaltic composition. Basaltic composition refers to rocks that are rich in iron and magnesium, and have a lower silica content. These rocks are typically dark in color and have a fine-grained texture. Basaltic composition is commonly found in volcanic rocks, such as basalt, which are formed from the rapid cooling of lava on the Earth's surface.

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  • 6. 

    Igneous rocks that form from the last minerals to crystallize from magma will have a(n) __________ composition consisting of quartz, potassium feldspar, and sodium-rich plagioclase feldspar.

    • Mafic (felsic)

    • Basaltic (mafic)

    • Andesitic (intermediate)

    • Granitic (felsic)

    Correct Answer
    A. Granitic (felsic)
    Explanation
    Igneous rocks that form from the last minerals to crystallize from magma will have a granitic (felsic) composition consisting of quartz, potassium feldspar, and sodium-rich plagioclase feldspar. This is because granitic rocks are typically light-colored and rich in silica, which is represented by the presence of quartz. Additionally, potassium feldspar and sodium-rich plagioclase feldspar are common minerals found in granitic rocks. The term "felsic" refers to rocks that are rich in feldspar and silica, which is characteristic of granitic compositions.

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  • 7. 

    Is a pluton a?

    • Channel way for rising magma

    • Intrusion of magma into fractions

    • Man made rock

    • Large igneous rock body

    Correct Answer
    A. Large igneous rock body
    Explanation
    A pluton is a large igneous rock body formed by the solidification of magma beneath the Earth's surface. It is typically composed of granite or other intrusive igneous rocks. Plutons are formed when magma cools and crystallizes slowly over a long period of time, allowing the minerals to grow and form a solid rock mass. They are often found in mountainous regions and can range in size from a few meters to several kilometers in diameter. Plutons are important in geology as they provide valuable insights into the Earth's history and the processes that occur beneath the surface.

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  • 8. 

    Rock body made from slow-moving magma and forms a mushroom shape.

    • Extrusive

    • Laccolith

    • Batholith

    • Pluton

    Correct Answer
    A. Laccolith
    Explanation
    A laccolith is a type of igneous rock formation that occurs when slow-moving magma is injected into the Earth's crust and forms a mushroom-shaped body. The magma solidifies underground and creates a dome-shaped structure with a flat base. This process is known as intrusive igneous activity because the rock is formed beneath the Earth's surface.

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  • 9. 

    Define Erosion.

    • Process in which the earth is worn away.

    • Process in creating a rock

    • Both

    Correct Answer
    A. Both
    Explanation
    Erosion is the process in which the earth is worn away. It involves the removal and transportation of soil, rock, or sediment by wind, water, or ice. This process can occur naturally over time due to weathering and natural forces, or it can be accelerated by human activities such as deforestation or construction. Additionally, erosion plays a role in the creation of rocks through the deposition and compaction of sediment over time. Therefore, the correct answer is "Both" as erosion involves both the wearing away of the earth and the creation of rocks.

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  • 10. 

    Is a sill a?

    • A horizontal cinder block

    • Channel way for rising magma

    • Intrusion of magma into fractions

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Intrusion of magma into fractions
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Intrusion of magma into fractions." This refers to the process in which magma, or molten rock, is injected into pre-existing rock formations, causing them to fracture and allowing the magma to fill the cracks. This can lead to the formation of intrusive igneous rocks, such as granite, as the magma cools and solidifies within the fractures.

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  • Current Version
  • Aug 29, 2024
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Sep 23, 2008
    Quiz Created by
    Arcbms
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