Drugs For Coagulation And Hematopoietic Disorders
This is a test to help learn what drugs are used for Coagulation disorders.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What drug is an anitcoagulant?
- A.
Hemparin (Heplock)
- B.
Eptifiagtide (Integrilin)
- C.
Cilostazol (Pletal)
Correct Answer
A. Hemparin (Heplock)Explanation
Hemparin (Heplock) is the correct answer because it is an anticoagulant drug. Anticoagulants are medications that prevent blood clots from forming or getting bigger, and Hemparin is commonly used for this purpose. Eptifiagtide (Integrilin) and Cilostazol (Pletal) are not anticoagulants, so they are not the correct answers.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following is a LMWH?
- A.
Dalteparin
- B.
Lovenox
- C.
Tinzaparin
Correct Answer(s)
A. Dalteparin
B. Lovenox
C. TinzaparinExplanation
Dalteparin, Lovenox, and Tinzaparin are all examples of Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWHs). LMWHs are a type of anticoagulant medication that helps to prevent blood clotting. They are derived from unfractionated heparin but have a smaller molecular weight, which allows for more predictable and consistent dosing. These medications are commonly used for the prevention and treatment of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and other clotting disorders.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which drug is an anitcoagulant?
- A.
Fondaparinux
- B.
Flomax
- C.
Aspirin
Correct Answer
A. FondaparinuxExplanation
Fondaparinux is an anticoagulant drug that works by inhibiting the formation of blood clots. It specifically targets a molecule called factor Xa, which is involved in the blood clotting process. By inhibiting factor Xa, Fondaparinux helps to prevent the formation of blood clots and reduce the risk of conditions such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Flomax, on the other hand, is not an anticoagulant but rather a medication used to treat symptoms of an enlarged prostate. Aspirin also has blood-thinning properties, but it is classified as an antiplatelet drug rather than an anticoagulant.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What type of drug is argatroban (Acova, Novastan)?
Correct Answer
Direct Thrombin InhibitorsExplanation
Argatroban, also known as Acova and Novastan, is classified as a direct thrombin inhibitor. This means that it directly inhibits the activity of thrombin, an enzyme involved in the blood clotting process. By inhibiting thrombin, argatroban prevents the formation of blood clots, making it an effective drug for conditions such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.Rate this question:
- 5.
What drugs end in "parin"
Correct Answer
Low molecular weight heparins (LMWH)Explanation
Low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) are a type of anticoagulant medication that ends in "parin". These drugs are derived from heparin but have a lower molecular weight, making them easier to administer and monitor. LMWHs work by inhibiting the formation of blood clots and are commonly used to prevent and treat conditions such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and heart attacks. Examples of LMWHs include enoxaparin, dalteparin, and tinzaparin.Rate this question:
- 6.
Which drug is a direct thrombin inhibitor?
- A.
Heparin
- B.
Bivalirudin
- C.
Pletal
Correct Answer
B. BivalirudinExplanation
Bivalirudin is a direct thrombin inhibitor. It directly inhibits the activity of thrombin, an enzyme involved in blood clotting. This drug is commonly used during procedures such as angioplasty and stent placement to prevent blood clot formation. Heparin, on the other hand, is an indirect thrombin inhibitor that works by enhancing the activity of antithrombin III, a natural anticoagulant. Pletal is not a direct thrombin inhibitor and is instead used to improve symptoms of intermittent claudication, a condition caused by reduced blood flow to the legs.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Why do patients recieving anticoagulants have Warfarin and Heparin overlapping?
- A.
Becuase one drug makes the other work better
- B.
Becuase patients usually have medical conditions that require both drugs with are for two totally different medical conditions
- C.
Because the onset of Warfarin is 2-7 days
Correct Answer
C. Because the onset of Warfarin is 2-7 daysExplanation
Patients receiving anticoagulants often have Warfarin and Heparin overlapping because the onset of Warfarin is 2-7 days. Heparin is used initially to quickly achieve anticoagulation while waiting for Warfarin to take effect. Heparin acts rapidly, but its effect is short-lived, so it is often used in combination with Warfarin to provide continuous anticoagulation until Warfarin reaches its therapeutic level. This overlapping allows for a smooth transition and ensures that the patient remains adequately anticoagulated throughout the treatment process.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which type of drugs end in "Irudan"?
Correct Answer
Direct Thrombin InhibitorsExplanation
Direct Thrombin Inhibitors are a type of drugs that end in "Irudan". These drugs work by directly inhibiting the action of thrombin, which is an enzyme involved in the clotting process of blood. By inhibiting thrombin, these drugs help prevent the formation of blood clots, making them useful in the treatment and prevention of conditions such as deep vein thrombosis and atrial fibrillation. Some examples of Direct Thrombin Inhibitors include dabigatran and argatroban.Rate this question:
- 9.
The most common nonhereditary bleeding disorder is a deficiency known as?
- A.
Hemophilia
- B.
Thrombocytopenia
- C.
Von Willebrand's disease
Correct Answer
B. ThrombocytopeniaExplanation
Thrombocytopenia is the most common nonhereditary bleeding disorder characterized by a low platelet count in the blood. Platelets are responsible for blood clotting, so a deficiency in these cells can lead to excessive bleeding and easy bruising. Hemophilia, on the other hand, is a hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in clotting factors. Von Willebrand's disease is also a hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in von Willebrand factor, a protein that helps platelets stick together and form clots. Therefore, the correct answer is thrombocytopenia.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Heparin acts by enhancing actions of what?
- A.
Thrombin II
- B.
Prothrombin
- C.
Antithrombin III
Correct Answer
C. Antithrombin IIIExplanation
Heparin acts by enhancing the actions of antithrombin III. Antithrombin III is a natural anticoagulant that inhibits the activity of various clotting factors, including thrombin. Heparin binds to antithrombin III and catalyzes its inhibitory effect on clotting factors, particularly thrombin. By enhancing the actions of antithrombin III, heparin effectively prevents the formation of blood clots and is commonly used as an anticoagulant in medical settings.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Heparin's duration of action is 2-4 times longer than that of LMWHs.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
LMWH's duration of action is 2-4 times longer than that of heparin.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What do all anticoagulants have in common with adverse effects?
- A.
Hemorrhage
- B.
Nothing
- C.
Hair loss
Correct Answer
A. HemorrhageExplanation
All anticoagulants have the common adverse effect of hemorrhage. This means that they increase the risk of bleeding, as they prevent blood from clotting effectively. This can lead to excessive bleeding, both internally and externally, which can be dangerous and potentially life-threatening. It is important for patients taking anticoagulants to be closely monitored for any signs of bleeding and to follow the prescribed dosage and precautions to minimize the risk of hemorrhage.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What type of drug is fondaparinux (Arixtra)?
Correct Answer
AnticoagulantExplanation
Fondaparinux (Arixtra) is classified as an anticoagulant. Anticoagulants are medications that prevent blood clots from forming or growing larger in the blood vessels. Fondaparinux specifically works by inhibiting the activity of a certain clotting factor in the blood, called factor Xa. By doing so, it helps to prevent the formation of blood clots, reducing the risk of conditions such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and stroke.Rate this question:
- 14.
What type of drugs are cilostazol (Pletal) and pentoxifylline (Trental)?
- A.
ADP receptor blockers
- B.
Agents for intermettent claudication
- C.
Glycoprotein IIB/IIA Receptor Antagonists
Correct Answer
B. Agents for intermettent claudicationExplanation
Cilostazol (Pletal) and pentoxifylline (Trental) are classified as agents for intermittent claudication. Intermittent claudication refers to a condition characterized by pain and cramping in the legs caused by reduced blood flow during physical activity. These drugs are used to improve blood flow and alleviate the symptoms of intermittent claudication. They work by dilating blood vessels and reducing blood viscosity, thereby increasing blood flow to the affected areas and reducing pain and cramping.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The following drugs are Antiplatelet Agents:
- A.
Aspirin
- B.
Coumadin
- C.
Dipyridamole
- D.
Celecoxib
- E.
Persantine
Correct Answer(s)
A. Aspirin
C. Dipyridamole
E. PersantineExplanation
Aspirin, Dipyridamole, and Persantine are all antiplatelet agents. These drugs work by preventing the formation of blood clots by inhibiting platelet aggregation. Aspirin is a commonly used antiplatelet agent that works by inhibiting the production of thromboxane, a substance that promotes platelet aggregation. Dipyridamole and Persantine also inhibit platelet aggregation by increasing the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which inhibits platelet activation and aggregation. Coumadin and Celecoxib, on the other hand, are not antiplatelet agents. Coumadin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting the synthesis of certain clotting factors, while Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that primarily works by reducing inflammation and pain.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following drugs are Glycoprotein IIB/IIIA receptor antagonist?
- A.
Tirofiban
- B.
Heparin
- C.
Abciximab
- D.
Aspirin
- E.
Eptifibatide
Correct Answer(s)
A. Tirofiban
C. Abciximab
E. EptifibatideExplanation
Tirofiban, abciximab, and eptifibatide are all Glycoprotein IIB/IIIA receptor antagonists. These drugs work by inhibiting the platelet aggregation, preventing the formation of blood clots. Heparin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting the activity of clotting factors. Aspirin, on the other hand, is an antiplatelet drug that works by inhibiting the production of thromboxane, a substance that promotes platelet aggregation. Therefore, the correct answer is tirofiban, abciximab, and eptifibatide.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What type of drug interfers with platelet aggregation?
Correct Answer(s)
antiplatelet drugsExplanation
Antiplatelet drugs are a type of medication that interfere with platelet aggregation. Platelets are blood cells that help in clotting, and their aggregation is a necessary step in the formation of blood clots. By inhibiting platelet aggregation, antiplatelet drugs prevent the formation of clots, reducing the risk of conditions such as heart attacks and strokes. These drugs work by targeting specific molecules involved in platelet activation, preventing them from sticking together and forming clots.Rate this question:
- 18.
Which type of drug is used to prevent thrombi in patients experiencing a recent MI, stroke, or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty? And are very expensive
Correct Answer(s)
Glycoprotein IIB/IIIAExplanation
Glycoprotein IIB/IIIA inhibitors are a type of drug used to prevent thrombi in patients who have recently experienced a myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). These inhibitors work by blocking the glycoprotein IIB/IIIA receptors on platelets, preventing platelet aggregation and the formation of blood clots. Although effective, these drugs are known to be very expensive.Rate this question:
- 19.
What is known as a condition caused by lack of sufficient blood flow to skeletal muscles in the lower limbs?
- A.
Anaphylaxis
- B.
Intermittent cluadication (IC)
- C.
Dyspepsia
Correct Answer
B. Intermittent cluadication (IC)Explanation
Intermittent claudication (IC) is a condition caused by insufficient blood flow to the skeletal muscles in the lower limbs. This lack of blood flow is typically due to narrowed or blocked arteries, which restrict the amount of oxygen and nutrients reaching the muscles. As a result, individuals with IC experience pain, cramping, and fatigue in their legs during physical activity. The symptoms usually subside with rest. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction, and dyspepsia refers to indigestion or stomach discomfort.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Thrombolytics promote fibrinolysis or clot destruction.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Thrombolytics are medications that promote the breakdown of blood clots, a process called fibrinolysis. They work by activating the body's natural clot-dissolving system, which helps to dissolve the clot and restore blood flow. Therefore, the statement that thrombolytics promote fibrinolysis or clot destruction is true.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which of the following drugs are hemostatics?
- A.
Alteplase
- B.
Aminocaproic acid
- C.
Retavase
- D.
Aprotinin
- E.
Tranexamic acid
Correct Answer(s)
B. Aminocaproic acid
D. Aprotinin
E. Tranexamic acidExplanation
Aminocaproic acid, aprotinin, and tranexamic acid are all drugs that can be classified as hemostatics. Hemostatics are medications that help control or stop bleeding by promoting blood clotting. Aminocaproic acid works by inhibiting the breakdown of blood clots, while aprotinin is a protease inhibitor that prevents the breakdown of fibrin, a key component of blood clots. Tranexamic acid also works by inhibiting the breakdown of blood clots and is commonly used to prevent or treat excessive bleeding in various medical conditions.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Hemostatics or antifibrinolytics are used to promote the formation of clots in patients with excessive bleeding from surgical sites.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Hemostatics or antifibrinolytics are substances that help in promoting blood clot formation. These are commonly used in patients who experience excessive bleeding from surgical sites. By promoting clot formation, these medications aid in stopping the bleeding and preventing further blood loss. Therefore, the statement "Hemostatics or antifibrinolytics are used to promote the formation of clots in patients with excessive bleeding from surgical sites" is true.Rate this question:
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- 23.
What digest fibrin strands, thus restoring circulation to the injured area?
Correct Answer
PlasminExplanation
Plasmin is an enzyme that breaks down fibrin strands, which are formed during blood clotting. By digesting these strands, Plasmin helps to restore circulation to the injured area. This process is important for healing wounds and preventing excessive blood clotting.Rate this question:
- 24.
The process of blood cell formation is called what?
- A.
Homgenisis
- B.
Hemostasis
- C.
Hematopoiesis
Correct Answer
C. HematopoiesisExplanation
Hematopoiesis is the correct answer because it refers to the process of blood cell formation. It involves the production and development of various types of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. This process is essential for maintaining a healthy blood supply and ensuring proper functioning of the immune system.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which of the following drugs are colony-stimulation factors?
- A.
Filgrastim (Neupogen)
- B.
Oprelvekin (Neumega)
- C.
Romiplostim (Nplate)
- D.
Sargramostim (Leukine)
- E.
Omega (Cortal)
Correct Answer(s)
A. Filgrastim (Neupogen)
D. Sargramostim (Leukine)Explanation
Filgrastim (Neupogen) and sargramostim (Leukine) are colony-stimulating factors. Colony-stimulating factors are substances that stimulate the production and maturation of different types of blood cells in the bone marrow. Filgrastim specifically stimulates the production of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell involved in fighting infection, while sargramostim stimulates the production of various types of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. Oprelvekin (Neumega) and romiplostim (Nplate) are not colony-stimulating factors, and omega (Cortal) is not a drug.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Iron deficiency is the most common cause of nutritional anemia and can be successfully treated with iron supplements.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Iron deficiency is indeed the most common cause of nutritional anemia. Anemia occurs when the body lacks enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to the tissues. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that helps transport oxygen. When there is a deficiency of iron, the body is unable to produce enough hemoglobin, leading to anemia. Iron supplements can effectively treat iron deficiency anemia by replenishing the body's iron stores and supporting the production of healthy red blood cells. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Canocobalamin (CaloMist, Nascobal) is which type of drug?
- A.
Anticoagulant
- B.
Antianemic agent
- C.
Vasoconstrictor
Correct Answer
B. Antianemic agentExplanation
Canocobalamin (CaloMist, Nascobal) is classified as an antianemic agent. This type of drug is used to treat anemia, a condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood. Canocobalamin is a form of vitamin B12 and is commonly prescribed to individuals with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia. It helps in the production of red blood cells and improves the symptoms associated with anemia, such as fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Which antianemic agents begin with ferrous?
Correct Answer
Iron SaltsExplanation
Iron salts are a type of antianemic agents that begin with the term "ferrous." Ferrous refers to the iron in its divalent state, meaning it has a +2 charge. Iron salts, such as ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate, and ferrous fumarate, are commonly used to treat iron deficiency anemia. They work by supplying the body with the necessary iron to produce red blood cells and hemoglobin, which helps carry oxygen throughout the body. Therefore, iron salts are the correct answer to the question.Rate this question:
- 29.
Ferumoxytol (Feraheme) is which type of drug?
- A.
Iron salts
- B.
Colony stimulation factor
- C.
Platelet enhancer
Correct Answer
A. Iron saltsExplanation
Ferumoxytol (Feraheme) is classified as an iron salt. Iron salts are compounds that contain iron and are used as a source of iron supplementation in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. Ferumoxytol is specifically used for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in adult patients with chronic kidney disease. It works by replenishing iron stores in the body, helping to increase the production of red blood cells and improve anemia symptoms.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Anemias are disorders in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced owing to hemorrhage, excessive erythrocyte destruction or insufficient erythrocyte synthesis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement accurately describes anemias as disorders that result in a reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. This can occur due to various reasons such as hemorrhage (bleeding), excessive destruction of red blood cells, or inadequate production of red blood cells. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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