Dermatology Basic Questions: Quiz!

Explanation
Dermatology is the branch of medical science that focuses on the study and treatment of the skin and its diseases. Dermatologists specialize in diagnosing and treating conditions such as acne, eczema, psoriasis, and skin cancer. They also perform cosmetic procedures like Botox injections and laser treatments. By studying the skin and its diseases, dermatologists are able to provide effective medical interventions and improve the overall health and appearance of their patients' skin.

Explanation
Trichology is the branch of dermatology that specifically focuses on the study and treatment of hair and scalp disorders. It involves the examination, diagnosis, and management of various conditions related to hair, such as hair loss, dandruff, scalp infections, and hair texture abnormalities. Trichologists are experts in understanding the structure, growth cycle, and health of hair, as well as providing advice and treatment options to promote hair growth and maintain scalp health.

Explanation
If a client exhibits a severe infection or a contagious skin disorder, it is important for the electrologist to refer the client to a medical doctor. This is because the electrologist is not qualified to treat such conditions and it is necessary for the client to receive appropriate medical care. Referring the client to a medical doctor ensures that they will receive the proper diagnosis and treatment for their condition, and helps to prevent the spread of infection or further complications.

Explanation
Itching is considered a subjective symptom because it is a sensation that can only be experienced by the individual affected. It cannot be observed or measured by others. Other examples of subjective symptoms include pain, fatigue, and dizziness.

Explanation
All of the options listed (papule, tumor, nodule or tubercle) are correct terms for raised lesions. A papule refers to a small, solid, elevated lesion, while a tumor is a general term for any abnormal growth. Nodule and tubercle both refer to solid, raised lesions, with nodule being larger than a papule and tubercle often indicating a specific type of nodule. Therefore, all of these terms can be used to describe raised lesions.

Explanation
Pus is mostly likely found in pustules. Pustules are small, raised bumps on the skin that contain pus. They are typically filled with a yellow or white fluid consisting of dead white blood cells, bacteria, and tissue debris. Pustules are commonly associated with various skin conditions, such as acne, impetigo, and folliculitis. They can be painful and may eventually burst or dry out, leading to the formation of a scab.

Explanation
An accumulation of blood serum and pus mixed with epidermal tissue is called a crust. A crust is formed when the fluid from a wound or lesion dries up and hardens, forming a scab-like layer on the skin's surface. This can occur in various skin conditions such as eczema, impetigo, or dermatitis. A scale, on the other hand, refers to a flaky or dry patch of skin that may be seen in conditions like psoriasis or dandruff. Therefore, the correct answer is A&C, as both crust and scale are related to the accumulation of substances on the skin's surface.

Explanation
The correct answer is the pilosebaceous unit. Acne is a disorder that affects the pilosebaceous unit, which consists of the hair follicle and the sebaceous gland. The sebaceous gland produces sebum, an oily substance that lubricates the hair and skin. When there is an overproduction of sebum or the hair follicle becomes clogged with dead skin cells and oil, it can lead to the development of acne. This can result in the formation of pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads on the skin.

Explanation
A comedone is the name for a blackhead. A blackhead is a type of acne that forms when a hair follicle becomes clogged with oil and dead skin cells. The clogged pore remains open and the trapped debris oxidizes, giving it a black appearance. Unlike a whitehead, which is a closed comedone, a blackhead is open to the surface of the skin.