1.
1. When provoked, men and women have equivalent reactions in terms of heart rate, but when questioned, men usually say they are hurt or sad, while women usually say they are angry.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The given statement suggests that men and women have equivalent reactions in terms of heart rate when provoked. However, it states that men usually express their emotions as hurt or sad, while women usually express their emotions as anger when questioned. Therefore, the correct answer is false, as it contradicts the statement.
2.
2. Both psychoanalyst Carl Jung and psychologist Elaine Hatfield believed that emotions are contagious.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Both Carl Jung and Elaine Hatfield, who are respected figures in the field of psychology, believed that emotions can be contagious. This means that individuals can "catch" or be influenced by the emotions of others. This idea aligns with the concept of emotional contagion, which suggests that emotions can spread from person to person through nonverbal cues, facial expressions, and body language. Therefore, the statement that emotions are contagious is supported by the beliefs of both Jung and Hatfield.
3.
3. Research reported in the text shows that people's moods affect how they see their future.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The research reported in the text suggests that people's moods have an impact on how they perceive their future. This implies that individuals in different moods may have varying perspectives on their future prospects.
4.
4. Conflict always requires two or more people.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Conflict does not always require two or more people. Conflict can also occur within an individual, known as internal conflict. Internal conflict refers to the psychological struggle that a person experiences within themselves, such as conflicting emotions or desires. Therefore, the statement that conflict always requires two or more people is false.
5.
5. The agressive person insists on standing up for his or her rights while ignoring and violating the rights of others.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
An aggressive person is someone who is assertive and forceful in their behavior, often disregarding the feelings and rights of others. They prioritize their own rights and needs above others, which can lead to them ignoring and violating the rights of others. Therefore, it is true that an aggressive person insists on standing up for their own rights while disregarding and violating the rights of others.
6.
6. According to uncertainty reduction theory, when we intially meet someone we are intially uncertain.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
According to uncertainty reduction theory, when we initially meet someone, we are initially uncertain. This means that when we first encounter someone, we lack information about them and their characteristics, leading to a sense of uncertainty. As we interact and gather more information about the person, this uncertainty decreases, and we are able to form more accurate impressions and predictions about them. Therefore, the statement that we are initially uncertain when meeting someone aligns with the uncertainty reduction theory.
7.
7. For some people who express some anger, the risks for disease may be lower than for persons who express little anger.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Expressing anger can have both positive and negative effects on health. While excessive and uncontrolled anger can increase the risk of various health problems, such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and weakened immune system, expressing anger in a healthy and controlled manner can actually have some benefits. It can help release pent-up emotions, reduce stress, and improve overall emotional well-being. Therefore, it is possible that for some individuals who express anger in a healthy way, the risks for disease may be lower compared to those who suppress or express little anger.
8.
8. The second stage of the Abuse Cycle finds tensions erupting into violence.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
In the second stage of the Abuse Cycle, tensions between individuals escalate and eventually lead to violence. This stage is characterized by the build-up of anger, frustration, and resentment, which eventually explode into physical or emotional abuse. It is important to recognize the signs of this stage in order to intervene and prevent further harm.
9.
9. Feelings in themselves are neither positive nor negative; what you do with them determines whether they are healthy.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
This statement suggests that feelings in and of themselves are neutral and do not have an inherent positive or negative value. It emphasizes that it is the actions and behaviors that stem from these feelings that determine whether they are healthy or not. In other words, it is not the feeling itself that is healthy or unhealthy, but rather how one chooses to respond or act upon those feelings.
10.
10. During nascent friendship, we consider ourselves an enemy of the other person.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
During nascent friendship, we do not consider ourselves an enemy of the other person. Instead, during the early stages of a friendship, we tend to be more open, trusting, and positive towards the other person. This is because we are still getting to know each other and building a foundation of trust and mutual understanding. Considering oneself an enemy would be counterproductive to forming a friendship.
11.
11. Susan and Juan had different views on the issue of increased taxes. They are experiencing value conflict.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Susan and Juan having different views on the issue of increased taxes indicates a disagreement or conflict in their values. Value conflict occurs when individuals have differing beliefs, principles, or priorities. In this case, their differing views on increased taxes suggest that they have conflicting values regarding taxation and its impact on society.
12.
12. Toxic Communication includes
Correct Answer
B. Consistent use of verbal bause and/or pHysical or sexual agression, or violence.
Explanation
Toxic communication refers to the consistent use of verbal abuse and/or physical or sexual aggression, or violence. This type of communication involves harmful and aggressive behavior that can cause emotional and physical harm to the individuals involved. It is characterized by a lack of respect, empathy, and understanding, and can severely damage relationships and overall well-being.
13.
13. Which of the following are characteristics of romantic relationships?
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
The characteristics of romantic relationships include the expectation of permanence, commitment, passion, and intimacy. These elements are often present in a romantic relationship and are essential for its success and longevity. The expectation of permanence refers to the belief that the relationship will last for a significant period of time. Commitment involves a dedication to the relationship and a willingness to work through challenges. Passion and intimacy are emotional and physical connections that create a deep bond between partners. Therefore, all of the above options accurately describe the characteristics of romantic relationships.
14.
14. Which of the following emotions typically results from interference with the pursuit of our goals?
Correct Answer
D. Anger
Explanation
Anger typically results from interference with the pursuit of our goals. When we encounter obstacles or barriers that prevent us from achieving what we desire, we may feel frustrated and angry. This emotion arises as a response to the perceived injustice or unfairness of the situation, motivating us to take action and overcome the interference.
15.
15. According to Theodore Rubin, an emotional isolationist
Correct Answer
D. Tries to protect himself or herself from the exchange of feelings by minding his or her own business, and avoiding relationship entaglements or involvements.
Explanation
According to Theodore Rubin, an emotional isolationist tries to protect himself or herself from the exchange of feelings by minding his or her own business, and avoiding relationship entanglements or involvements. This means that they intentionally distance themselves emotionally from others, preferring to keep to themselves and avoid getting too involved in relationships. They may avoid sharing their own feelings and may also avoid engaging with or empathizing with the emotions of others.
16.
16. According to the text, a relationship that has no conflict is in effect
Correct Answer
B. Not a relationship.
Explanation
According to the text, a relationship that has no conflict is not a relationship. This implies that conflict is an integral part of a relationship and its absence indicates that there is no relationship. Conflict can arise from differences in opinions, interests, or goals, and its presence is often seen as a sign of engagement and investment in a relationship. Therefore, a relationship without any conflict lacks the necessary elements to be considered a genuine relationship.
17.
17. In a low-intensity conflict, the interactants
Correct Answer
D. Try to find a solution that is beneficial to each.
Explanation
In a low-intensity conflict, the interactants try to find a solution that is beneficial to each. This means that they are not focused on destroying one another but rather on finding a mutually agreeable outcome. They may feel committed to winning, but their ultimate goal is not to completely destroy the other party. They understand that victory alone is not enough and that a solution that benefits both parties is the ideal outcome.
18.
18. A pseudo conflict occurs when
Correct Answer
D. Someone mistakenly believes that two goals cannot be achieved simultaneously.
Explanation
A pseudo conflict occurs when someone mistakenly believes that two goals cannot be achieved simultaneously. In this situation, there is no actual conflict between the goals themselves, but rather a misunderstanding or misconception that they are mutually exclusive. This can lead to unnecessary tension or disagreement, even though both goals could potentially be pursued and achieved concurrently.
19.
19. When we behave nonassertively, which of the following is not true?
Correct Answer
B. We express our true feelings.
Explanation
When we behave nonassertively, we do not express our true feelings. Nonassertive behavior involves avoiding conflict and not standing up for our own needs and desires. Instead, we may suppress our true feelings and go along with what others want, even if it is not what we want. This can lead to resentment and dissatisfaction in relationships.
20.
20. The text lists an "emotional bill of rights." Which of the following is not part of this list?
Correct Answer
C. The right to make choices for others
Explanation
The given correct answer is "the right to make choices for others." This means that the text does not include the notion that individuals have the right to make decisions on behalf of others. The emotional bill of rights focuses on personal autonomy, self-expression, and the ability to set boundaries without feeling guilty. It emphasizes the importance of individual agency and the right to make choices for oneself, but not for others.
21.
21. When friends drift apart, they are in the ________ stage.
Correct Answer
A. Waning
Explanation
When friends drift apart, they are in the waning stage. This means that their friendship is gradually diminishing or declining. It suggests that the closeness and connection they once had is fading away.
22.
22. When two people consider each other friends, they are in the _______ stage.
Correct Answer
C. Nascent
Explanation
The correct answer is "nascent". In the context of the question, the word "nascent" refers to the early or beginning stage of a friendship. It suggests that the relationship between the two people is just starting to develop and grow. The other options, "stabilized" and "waning", imply that the friendship is already established or declining, which contradicts the idea of considering each other as friends. Therefore, "nascent" is the most suitable answer.
23.
23. Which of these elements is likely to result in high dissatisfaction in the workplace?
Correct Answer
A. The rugged individual.
Explanation
The rugged individual is likely to result in high dissatisfaction in the workplace because they prioritize their own goals and achievements over teamwork and collaboration. This can create a competitive and individualistic environment, where employees may feel unsupported and undervalued. It can also lead to a lack of cooperation and communication among team members, hindering productivity and creating a negative work atmosphere.
24.
24. When it comes to displaying emotions
Correct Answer
A. Men and women have the same pHysiological response, but their display of emotions and how they are verbally expressed differ.
Explanation
Men and women have the same physiological response to emotions, meaning their bodies react in similar ways. However, they differ in how they display and express these emotions. This suggests that the way emotions are shown and communicated is influenced by factors other than gender, such as culture and race. Therefore, it can be concluded that gender is not the primary determinant of how emotions are displayed.
25.
25. Which description of the role of conflict in a healthy relationship is accurate?
Correct Answer
D. When handled well, conflict serves to strengthen the relationship.
Explanation
When conflict is handled well in a relationship, it can actually strengthen the bond between individuals. This is because conflicts provide an opportunity for individuals to express their needs, concerns, and emotions, leading to better understanding and communication. Through resolving conflicts, couples can learn to compromise, find common ground, and grow together. Conflict can also help identify areas of improvement in the relationship and promote personal and relational growth. Therefore, when handled effectively, conflict can be a positive force in a healthy relationship.
26.
26. Which of these conflict has the greatest potential to destroy a relationship?
Correct Answer
A. An ego conflict
Explanation
An ego conflict has the greatest potential to destroy a relationship because it involves personal pride, self-esteem, and the need to be right. In an ego conflict, individuals become defensive, stubborn, and unwilling to compromise, which can lead to resentment, anger, and a breakdown in communication. This type of conflict often escalates quickly and can cause long-lasting damage to the trust and emotional connection between people.
27.
27. George and Andy became angry at each other during an online discussion. They began writing insults at each other. These insults are termed
Correct Answer
C. Flames.
Explanation
The term for online insults is "flames". In this context, George and Andy's angry exchange of insults during an online discussion can be referred to as flames.
28.
28. According to your text, a high-tech-high-touch society is one that is at home with computers, but disadvantaged when it comes to establishing human intimacy.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The given statement is false. According to the text, a high-tech-high-touch society is one that is comfortable with technology and also values and prioritizes human connection and intimacy. It suggests that technology can enhance and facilitate human relationships rather than hinder them.
29.
29. Obtaining a marriage license would occur during the intensifying stage of a relationship.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Obtaining a marriage license typically occurs during the commitment stage of a relationship, not the intensifying stage. The intensifying stage is characterized by increasing emotional closeness and intimacy, while the commitment stage involves making long-term plans and formalizing the relationship through marriage or other legal means.
30.
30. Common causes of lying are to avoid punishment and to gain a reward.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Lying is often motivated by the desire to avoid punishment or to gain a reward. People may lie to avoid facing the consequences of their actions or to receive some form of benefit or advantage. This can include lying about their whereabouts, their actions, or their intentions. By deceiving others, individuals hope to protect themselves from negative consequences or to gain something they desire.
31.
31. According to the text, it is uncommon to be able to tell someone only one lie.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
According to the text, it is uncommon to be able to tell someone only one lie. This implies that it is more common to tell multiple lies rather than just one.
32.
32. Control, one of the needs fulfilled by relationships, is conceerned with establishing and maintaining satisfactory levels of influence and power.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Control is indeed one of the needs fulfilled by relationships. It involves establishing and maintaining satisfactory levels of influence and power. In relationships, individuals seek to have some level of control over their own lives and also exert influence over others. This need for control can manifest in various ways, such as making decisions, setting boundaries, and having a say in important matters. Therefore, the statement "Control, one of the needs fulfilled by relationships, is concerned with establishing and maintaining satisfactory levels of influence and power" is true.
33.
33. The theory of social penetration holds that as a relationship becomes more intimate, the depth of penetration will increase.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The theory of social penetration suggests that as a relationship becomes more intimate, the depth of penetration will increase. This means that as individuals become closer and more comfortable with each other, they will reveal more personal and private information about themselves. This theory emphasizes the idea that relationships develop over time and that trust and vulnerability are key components of intimacy. Therefore, the statement that the depth of penetration will increase as a relationship becomes more intimate is true.
34.
34. Affection, one of the needs fulfilled by relationships, is concerned with establishing and maintaining a feeling of mutual interest...that is, the feeling that others take an interest in us.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The statement is false because affection is not one of the needs fulfilled by relationships. Affection refers to the display of fondness, love, or care towards someone, but it is not necessarily a need that relationships fulfill. Relationships can fulfill needs such as companionship, support, and understanding, but affection is not specifically mentioned as one of those needs.
35.
35. The grapevine is an informal conversational network in organizations.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The grapevine refers to the informal communication channels that exist within an organization. It is characterized by the transmission of information through casual conversations, gossip, and rumors rather than through formal channels. These informal networks can be highly influential in spreading information quickly throughout an organization, often faster than official communication channels. Therefore, the statement that the grapevine is an informal conversational network in organizations is true.
36.
36. When we equivocate, we use purposefully vague language.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Equivocation refers to the use of ambiguous language to deceive or mislead others. When we equivocate, we intentionally choose words or phrases that have multiple meanings or can be interpreted in different ways. This allows us to avoid giving a clear and direct answer, making our intentions or message unclear. Therefore, it is true that when we equivocate, we use purposefully vague language.
37.
37. An interpersonal relationship is
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.
Explanation
The correct answer is "all of the above" because an interpersonal relationship is dyadic, meaning it involves two people. It also involves communication of a personal nature, as it is based on personal interactions and connections. Additionally, interpersonal relationships develop shared history, as individuals build a bond and create memories together. Therefore, all three options mentioned in the question are valid explanations of an interpersonal relationship.
38.
38. The cost-benefit/social exchnage theory holds that we work to maintain a relationship only as long as the benefits we receive from it outweigh the costs involved in maintaining it.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The cost-benefit/social exchange theory suggests that individuals engage in relationships as long as the benefits they receive from the relationship are greater than the costs associated with maintaining it. This means that people are more likely to continue a relationship if they feel that the rewards they receive, such as love, support, or companionship, outweigh the effort, time, or sacrifices they have to make to maintain the relationship. Therefore, the statement "True" indicates that the cost-benefit/social exchange theory holds that we work to maintain a relationship only if the benefits outweigh the costs.
39.
39. Loneliness results from
Correct Answer
B. A perceived discrepancy between desired and achieved social relationships.
Explanation
Loneliness results from a perceived discrepancy between desired and achieved social relationships. This means that when individuals feel that their actual social connections do not meet their expectations or desires, they experience loneliness. It is not about having too many or too few interpersonal relationships, but rather about the quality and fulfillment of those relationships in relation to one's desired level of social connection. Inclusion, on the other hand, does not directly address the concept of loneliness.
40.
40. Depth of a relationship has to do with
Correct Answer
D. How central the topics you discuss are to your self concept and how much you reveal.
Explanation
The depth of a relationship is determined by both how central the topics you discuss are to your self-concept and how much you reveal. This means that the more personal and important the topics you discuss are to your sense of self, and the more you are willing to reveal about yourself, the deeper the relationship is likely to be.
41.
41. Breadth of a relationship has to do with
Correct Answer
C. How many topics you discuss.
Explanation
Breadth of a relationship refers to the range or variety of topics that are discussed within that relationship. It is not related to how central the topics are to one's self concept or how much one reveals about themselves. Instead, it focuses on the number of different subjects or areas that are covered in conversations and interactions between individuals in a relationship. The more topics that are discussed, the greater the breadth of the relationship.
42.
42. At which stage of a relationship do people begin to share things in common, disclose more, and become better at predicting each other's behavior?
Correct Answer
B. Intensifying
Explanation
In the intensifying stage of a relationship, people begin to share things in common, disclose more, and become better at predicting each other's behavior. This stage is characterized by increased emotional closeness and a deeper level of commitment. During this stage, individuals start to develop a stronger bond and become more comfortable with each other, leading to a greater level of intimacy and understanding.
43.
43. At which stage of a relationship are two individuals first identified as a pair or a "package"?
Correct Answer
C. Integrating
Explanation
Integrating is the stage of a relationship where two individuals are first identified as a pair or a "package". This stage is characterized by the merging of social circles, shared activities, and a sense of commitment and exclusivity. It is during this stage that the individuals start to see themselves as a unit and make joint decisions. The integrating stage marks a significant milestone in the relationship, as it signifies a deeper level of connection and mutual understanding between the two individuals.
44.
44. At which stage of a relationship do the participants ask, "How can I distinguish me from you?"
Correct Answer
D. Differentiating
Explanation
In the differentiating stage of a relationship, the participants start to focus on individuality and seek ways to distinguish themselves from each other. This stage is characterized by the desire to maintain personal identity and independence within the relationship. Participants may start to express their unique preferences, interests, and opinions, and may also set boundaries to establish their individuality. This stage often occurs after the intensifying stage, where the relationship becomes more intimate and close.
45.
45. Most of our "white lies" are designed to benefit
Correct Answer
A. Ourselves.
Explanation
The correct answer is "ourselves". "White lies" are typically small lies that are told to avoid hurting someone's feelings or to maintain harmony in a relationship. These lies are usually designed to benefit the person who tells them by avoiding conflict or negative consequences.
46.
46. Tolerance of vulnerability refers to your
Correct Answer
C. Trust that another person will accept your disclosures without hurting you.
Explanation
Tolerance of vulnerability refers to the level of trust you have in another person's ability to accept your disclosures without causing harm or hurting you. It implies a willingness to be open and honest with someone, knowing that they will not use that information against you or intentionally cause you emotional pain. This level of trust allows for a deeper connection and a sense of safety in sharing personal thoughts and feelings.
47.
47. The amount of trust we place in another person that can be analyzed with a diagram by William Rawlins is called the
Correct Answer
B. Trust matrix.
Explanation
The correct answer is "trust matrix." The question asks for the term used to describe the diagram by William Rawlins that analyzes the amount of trust we place in another person. A trust diagram does not accurately describe the concept, and neither does trust method or trust molecule. The term "trust matrix" is the most appropriate and commonly used term to describe this concept.
48.
48. At what point in a relationship do people become "good friends" and often adopt nicknames for each other?
Correct Answer
B. Experimenting
Explanation
In the experimenting stage of a relationship, people are getting to know each other better and trying to determine if they have a connection. This is when they start to become "good friends" and often adopt nicknames for each other as a way to show familiarity and closeness. It is a stage where they are comfortable enough to start developing inside jokes and personal references, which are often reflected in the nicknames they use.
49.
49. A society at home with computers but at a disadvantage when it comes to establishing human intimacy is called
Correct Answer
C. Autistic
Explanation
A society that is comfortable with using computers but struggles with establishing human intimacy is referred to as "autistic." This term is used metaphorically to describe a society that is disconnected or lacks social skills. The term "autistic" is not used in a clinical sense but rather as a way to highlight the societal imbalance between technological advancements and interpersonal relationships.
50.
50. A technologically advanced society that values interpersonal relationships is referred to as
Correct Answer
C. Both of these.
Explanation
A technologically advanced society that values interpersonal relationships can be referred to as both high tech and high touch. "High tech" refers to the use of advanced technology and innovation, while "high touch" emphasizes the importance of human connection and relationships. In such a society, technology is seamlessly integrated into people's lives, enhancing communication and connectivity, while also prioritizing meaningful human interactions. Therefore, both terms accurately describe a society that combines technological advancements with a strong emphasis on interpersonal relationships.