Cs 2.1 Ch 9.1
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which structures articulate to form the humeroradial joint?
- A.
Trochlea and radial head
- B.
Radial notch and capitulum
- C.
Capitulum and radial head
- D.
Coronoid process and coronoid fossa
Correct Answer
C. Capitulum and radial headExplanation
The humeroradial joint is formed by the articulation of the capitulum of the humerus and the radial head. This joint allows for flexion and extension of the forearm. The trochlea of the humerus articulates with the ulna to form the humeroulnar joint. The radial notch of the ulna articulates with the head of the radius to form the proximal radioulnar joint. The coronoid process of the ulna articulates with the coronoid fossa of the humerus to form the humeroulnar joint. Therefore, the correct answer is that the capitulum and radial head articulate to form the humeroradial joint.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which structures of the elbow function much like bursae do in other synovial joints?
- A.
Joint capsule
- B.
Retinacula
- C.
Fat pads
- D.
Fossa recesses
Correct Answer
C. Fat padsExplanation
The fat pads in the elbow function similarly to bursae in other synovial joints. Bursae are fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction and provide cushioning between bones, tendons, and muscles. Similarly, the fat pads in the elbow act as shock absorbers and provide cushioning between the bones and soft tissues. They help to protect the joint and facilitate smooth movement.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which nerve in the cubital fossa runs just medial to the brachial artery?
- A.
Superficial radial
- B.
Median
- C.
Axillary
- D.
Deep radial
Correct Answer
B. MedianExplanation
The correct answer is Median. In the cubital fossa, the median nerve runs just medial to the brachial artery. The median nerve is responsible for providing motor and sensory innervation to the muscles of the anterior forearm and the palm of the hand. It also plays a role in wrist and finger flexion, as well as thumb opposition.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What two structures articulate to form the humeroulnar joint of the elbow?
- A.
Olecranon process of ulna and olecranon fossa of humerus
- B.
Coronoid process of ulna and trochlea of humerus
- C.
Medial epicondyle of humerus and capitulum of ulna
- D.
Trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna
Correct Answer
D. Trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulnaExplanation
The humeroulnar joint of the elbow is formed by the trochlea of the humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna. These two structures articulate together to allow for flexion and extension of the forearm. The trochlea is a spool-shaped structure on the distal end of the humerus, while the trochlear notch is a corresponding concave surface on the proximal end of the ulna. This articulation allows for the hinge-like movement of the elbow joint.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which elbow ligament has three bands?
- A.
Radial collateral
- B.
Ulnar collateral
- C.
Annular liament of the radius
- D.
Quadrate ligament
Correct Answer
B. Ulnar collateralExplanation
The ulnar collateral ligament is the correct answer because it is the elbow ligament that has three bands. The ulnar collateral ligament is located on the inner side of the elbow and consists of an anterior, posterior, and transverse band. These bands provide stability to the joint and help prevent excessive side-to-side movement.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which nerve of the elbow is not located in the cubital fossa?
- A.
Ulnar nerve
- B.
Median nerve
- C.
Basilic nerve
- D.
Radial nerve
Correct Answer
A. Ulnar nerveExplanation
The ulnar nerve is not located in the cubital fossa. The cubital fossa is a triangular depression on the anterior aspect of the elbow, and it contains the median nerve, the brachial artery, and the biceps tendon. The ulnar nerve, on the other hand, runs posterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus and does not pass through the cubital fossa.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The raised prominence on the dorsal aspect of the scapula is termed the:
- A.
Coracoid process
- B.
Glenoid process
- C.
Inferior angle
- D.
Scapular spine
Correct Answer
D. Scapular spineExplanation
The raised prominence on the dorsal aspect of the scapula is called the scapular spine. The scapular spine is a bony ridge that runs diagonally across the scapula, providing attachment for various muscles and ligaments. It serves as an important landmark for anatomical reference and is easily palpable on the surface of the back. The coracoid process is a separate bony projection on the scapula, located on the anterior aspect. The glenoid process is a shallow socket on the lateral aspect of the scapula, forming part of the shoulder joint. The inferior angle refers to the lowermost point of the scapula.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which of the following merges with the shoulder labrum at the superior aspect?
- A.
Biceps brachii, long-head tendon
- B.
Teres major tendon
- C.
Subscapularis tendon
- D.
Transverse humeral
Correct Answer
A. Biceps brachii, long-head tendonExplanation
The biceps brachii, long-head tendon merges with the shoulder labrum at the superior aspect. This means that the long-head tendon of the biceps brachii muscle attaches to the superior part of the shoulder labrum.Rate this question:
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- 9.
All of the following are part of the rotator cuff, except for:
- A.
Supraspinatus
- B.
Teres minor
- C.
Deltoid
- D.
Subscapularis
Correct Answer
C. DeltoidExplanation
The deltoid muscle is not part of the rotator cuff. The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint and help to stabilize and move the shoulder. The supraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis are all muscles that make up the rotator cuff. The deltoid muscle, on the other hand, is a large muscle that covers the shoulder and is responsible for lifting the arm away from the body.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The innervations of the shoulder structures originate at the:
- A.
Cervical plexus
- B.
Brachial plexus
- C.
Axillary plexus
- D.
Cephalic plexus
Correct Answer
B. Brachial plexusExplanation
The brachial plexus is the correct answer because it is responsible for innervating the shoulder structures. The brachial plexus is a network of nerves that originates from the lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal nerves. It gives rise to several nerves that supply the muscles and skin of the shoulder, arm, and hand. The other options, such as the cervical plexus, axillary plexus, and cephalic plexus, do not specifically innervate the shoulder structures.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which anterior shoulder muscle inserts on the coracoid process of the scapula?
- A.
Pectoralis minor
- B.
Pectorali major
- C.
Teres major
- D.
Teres minor
Correct Answer
A. Pectoralis minorExplanation
The pectoralis minor muscle inserts on the coracoid process of the scapula. This muscle is located in the anterior shoulder region and is responsible for stabilizing and depressing the scapula. It originates from the third, fourth, and fifth ribs and attaches to the coracoid process. Its main function is to assist in pulling the scapula forward and downward, aiding in movements such as protraction and depression of the shoulder joint.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following shoulder ligaments serves to protect the tendon of the biceps brachii, long-head muscle?
- A.
Coracoclavicular
- B.
Transverse humeral
- C.
Acromioclavicular
- D.
Coracoacromial
Correct Answer
B. Transverse humeralExplanation
The transverse humeral ligament serves to protect the tendon of the biceps brachii, long-head muscle. It is a flat band of connective tissue that extends across the intertubercular groove of the humerus, holding the tendon in place and preventing it from dislocating or moving out of position during arm movements. The other ligaments listed in the options do not specifically protect the tendon of the biceps brachii, long-head muscle.Rate this question:
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- 13.
On the left side, the axillary artery is a:
- A.
Continuation of the subclavian branch of the aortic arch
- B.
Continuation of the brachiocephalic branch of the aortic arch
- C.
Branch of the subclavian artery
- D.
Branch of the brachiocephalic artery
Correct Answer
A. Continuation of the subclavian branch of the aortic archExplanation
The axillary artery is a continuation of the subclavian branch of the aortic arch. This means that it is a direct extension of the subclavian artery, which originates from the aortic arch. The axillary artery begins at the outer border of the first rib and extends to the lower border of the teres major muscle. It supplies blood to the upper limb, including the shoulder, arm, and some chest muscles.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which posterior shoulder muscle has a portion of its origin on the posterior aspect of the iliac crest?
- A.
Teres major
- B.
Trapezius
- C.
Latissimus dorsi
- D.
Rhomboid major
Correct Answer
C. Latissimus dorsiExplanation
The latissimus dorsi is the correct answer because it is a large muscle that originates from several locations, including the posterior aspect of the iliac crest. This muscle plays a significant role in shoulder movement and stability, as well as in actions such as pulling and reaching. The teres major, trapezius, and rhomboid major muscles do not have origins on the posterior aspect of the iliac crest.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which portion of the humerus is named due to its susceptibility to fracture?
- A.
Deltoid tuberosity
- B.
Surgical neck
- C.
Lateral spicondyle
- D.
Lesser tubercle
Correct Answer
B. Surgical neckExplanation
The surgical neck of the humerus is named due to its susceptibility to fracture. This portion of the bone is located just below the tubercles and is a common site for fractures, particularly in older individuals. Fractures in the surgical neck can occur as a result of trauma or repetitive stress on the bone. The name "surgical neck" reflects the fact that this area is frequently involved in surgical interventions to repair fractures or other injuries.Rate this question:
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