CPR/AED Exam

1. Breathing Emergencies: Step 1 "Size up the scene." What are the five steps in order?

Determine the number of victims, use protective equipment, assess the mechanism of injury, secure the premise (safety), call for additional help (911).

Secure the premise (safety), use protective equipment, assess the mechanism of injury, determine the number of victims, call for additional help (911).

Use protective equipment, secure the premise (safety), assess the mechanism of injury, determine the number of victims, call for additional help (911).

Call for additional help (911), secure the premise (safety), assess the mechanism of injury, use protective equipment, determine the number of victims.

Determine the number of victims, call for additional help (911), use protective equipment, assess the mechanism of injury, secure the premise (safety).

The correct answer is "Secure the premise (safety), use protective equipment, assess the mechanism of injury, determine the number of victims, call for additional help (911)." In a breathing emergency, the first step is to ensure the safety of the scene by securing the premise. Then, it is important to use protective equipment to protect oneself while providing assistance. Assessing the mechanism of injury helps in understanding the cause of the emergency. Determining the number of victims helps in prioritizing the response. Finally, calling for additional help, such as dialing 911, ensures that professional medical assistance is on the way.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Secure the premise (safety), use protective equipment, assess the mechanism of injury, determine the number of victims, call for additional help (911)." In a breathing emergency, the first step is to ensure the safety of the scene by securing the premise. Then, it is important to use protective equipment to protect oneself while providing assistance. Assessing the mechanism of injury helps in understanding the cause of the emergency. Determining the number of victims helps in prioritizing the response. Finally, calling for additional help, such as dialing 911, ensures that professional medical assistance is on the way.

2. Breathing Emergencies: Step 3 "Call for medical personnel (911)." Identify the correct list of 5 of the 15 symptoms/situations that would require calling for m.p. (911).

Sprained ankle, stroke, allergic reaction, seizures, vomiting or passing blood.

Severe burns, broken bone, headache, poisoning, head, neck, or back injuries.

Abdominal pain, severe bleeding, no pulse, chest discomfort, breathing problems.

Unconscious, disorientation, pale, slurred speech, rash.

Blurred vision, severe headache, broken tooth, bruises, severe burn.

The correct answer is "Abdominal pain, severe bleeding, no pulse, chest discomfort, breathing problems." These symptoms/situations indicate potentially life-threatening conditions that require immediate medical attention. Abdominal pain could suggest internal bleeding or organ damage, severe bleeding could lead to significant blood loss, no pulse indicates cardiac arrest, chest discomfort could be a sign of a heart attack, and breathing problems may indicate respiratory distress. Calling for medical personnel (911) in these situations is crucial to ensure prompt and appropriate medical intervention.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Abdominal pain, severe bleeding, no pulse, chest discomfort, breathing problems." These symptoms/situations indicate potentially life-threatening conditions that require immediate medical attention. Abdominal pain could suggest internal bleeding or organ damage, severe bleeding could lead to significant blood loss, no pulse indicates cardiac arrest, chest discomfort could be a sign of a heart attack, and breathing problems may indicate respiratory distress. Calling for medical personnel (911) in these situations is crucial to ensure prompt and appropriate medical intervention.

3. Breathing Emergencies: Step 2 "Perform initial assessment." Identify the six sequential procedures.

Check for severe bleeding, check for pulse, check for signs of life, obtain consent, check for consciousness, tap/shake and inquire "Are you ok?"

Check for consciousness, check for signs of life, check for severe bleeding, tap/shake and inquire "Are you ok?", obtain consent, check for pulse.

Tap/shake and inquire, 'Are you ok?, obtain consent, check for signs of consciousness, check for signs of life, check for severe bleeding, check for pulse.

Check for consciousness, check for signs of life, check for pulse, check for severe bleeding, tap/shake and inquire "Are you ok?", obtain consent.

Tap/shake and inquire, "Are you ok?", check for consciousness, obtain consent, check for signs of life, check for pulse, check for severe bleeding.

The correct answer is "Tap/shake and inquire, 'Are you ok?, obtain consent, check for signs of consciousness, check for signs of life, check for severe bleeding, check for pulse." This sequence of procedures ensures that the first responder assesses the person's level of consciousness and obtains their consent before proceeding with further assessment. Checking for signs of consciousness and life helps determine the person's overall condition, while checking for severe bleeding and pulse assesses specific vital signs. This sequence follows a logical order for assessing and addressing potential breathing emergencies.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Tap/shake and inquire, 'Are you ok?, obtain consent, check for signs of consciousness, check for signs of life, check for severe bleeding, check for pulse." This sequence of procedures ensures that the first responder assesses the person's level of consciousness and obtains their consent before proceeding with further assessment. Checking for signs of consciousness and life helps determine the person's overall condition, while checking for severe bleeding and pulse assesses specific vital signs. This sequence follows a logical order for assessing and addressing potential breathing emergencies.

4. Breathing Emergencies: Step 4 "Check for signs of life." Choose the correct five steps in proper order.

Tilt head back, lift chin to open airway, look for movement, listen for normal breathing, and feel for normal breathing.

Look for movement, listen for normal breathing, tilt head back, lift chin to open airway, feel for normal breathing.

Lift chin to open airway, tilt head back, listen for normal breathing, look for movement, feel for normal breathing.

Listen for normal breathing, tilt head back, lift chin to open airway, look for movement, feel for normal breathing.

Feel for normal breathing, lift chin to open airway, tilt head back, listen for normal breathing, look for movement.

The correct order of steps in a breathing emergency is to first tilt the head back, then lift the chin to open the airway, next look for movement, then listen for normal breathing, and finally feel for normal breathing. This order ensures that the airway is properly opened and that the person is breathing normally before any further action is taken.

Explanation

The correct order of steps in a breathing emergency is to first tilt the head back, then lift the chin to open the airway, next look for movement, then listen for normal breathing, and finally feel for normal breathing. This order ensures that the airway is properly opened and that the person is breathing normally before any further action is taken.

5. Breathing Emergencies: Step 6 "If chest rises clearly, check for pulse no longer than 10 seconds." Choose the correct locations to check pulse and identify the exception to this rule when victim has hypothermia.

Check for adult pulse via carotid artery, check for child and infant pulse via brachial pulse, with hypothermia check for pulse 30-45 secs.

Check adult and child pulse via carotid artery, check infant pulse via brachial pulse, with hypothermia check for pulse 10-20 seconds.

Check adult and child pulse via brachial pulse, check infant pulse via carotid artery, with hypothermia check pulse for 20-45 second.

Check adult and child pulse via carotid artery, for infant pulse check via brachial pulse, with hypothermia check pulse for 30-40 seconds.

Check for infant pulse via brachial pulse, check for adult and child pulse via carotid artery, with hypothermia check pulse for 30-45 secs.

The correct answer is to check for the infant pulse via the brachial pulse, check for the adult and child pulse via the carotid artery, and with hypothermia, check the pulse for 30-45 seconds. This is because the brachial pulse is the most accessible and reliable pulse site in infants, while the carotid artery is the most accessible and reliable pulse site in adults and children. In cases of hypothermia, the pulse may be slower and more difficult to detect, so it is necessary to check for a longer duration to ensure accuracy.

Explanation

The correct answer is to check for the infant pulse via the brachial pulse, check for the adult and child pulse via the carotid artery, and with hypothermia, check the pulse for 30-45 seconds. This is because the brachial pulse is the most accessible and reliable pulse site in infants, while the carotid artery is the most accessible and reliable pulse site in adults and children. In cases of hypothermia, the pulse may be slower and more difficult to detect, so it is necessary to check for a longer duration to ensure accuracy.

6. Breathing Emergencies: CPR circulation. Choose the correct chest compressions with number of rescue breath intervals per proper compression rate and depth.

Adult: 30 chest compressions with 1 rescue breath interval at 100 compression per minute at one to one and a half inch depth chest compression.

Child: Give 15 chest compressions with 2 rescue breath intervals at a rate of 100 compressions per minute and a one half to one inch depth chest compression.

Infant: Give 30 chest compressions at a rate of 100 chest compressions per minute and a one half to one inch depth compression.

Adult: Give 30 chest compressions at a rate of 60 compressions per minute and a one to one and a half inch depth compression.

Infant: Give 15 chest compressions at a rate of 100 compressions per minute and a half inch to one inch depth compression

The correct answer is for the Infant is to give 30 chest compressions at a rate of 100 chest compressions per minute and a one half to one inch depth compression. This means that when performing CPR on an infant, rescuers should give 30 chest compressions at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. The depth of the compression should be between one half to one inch. This is the appropriate technique for providing effective chest compressions during a breathing emergency in an infant.

Explanation

The correct answer is for the Infant is to give 30 chest compressions at a rate of 100 chest compressions per minute and a one half to one inch depth compression. This means that when performing CPR on an infant, rescuers should give 30 chest compressions at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. The depth of the compression should be between one half to one inch. This is the appropriate technique for providing effective chest compressions during a breathing emergency in an infant.

7. Breathing Emergencies: Step 7 "Quickly scan victim for severe bleeding" Select the appropriate procedures given the following scenarios.

If there is movement, breathing and a pulse, place victim in recovery position (modified HAINES position if spinal injury), continue to monitor ABCs. Administer emergency oxygen always.

If your first 2 rescue breaths do not make the chest clearly rise proceed with steps taken for unconscious chocking victim.

If there is a pulse, but neither movement nor breathing, use a bag-valve mask resuscitator and rescue breathing with the same procedure whether there is only one rescuer or two.

If there is no movement, breathing or pulse, perform CPR with specific procedure pertaining to only one rescuer and the alternation procedure when there are two rescuers.

If CPR is administered for thirty minutes and there is still no movement, breathing, or pulse, discontinue CPR unless AED is available.

If the first 2 rescue breaths do not make the chest clearly rise, it indicates that there may be an obstruction in the victim's airway. In this case, the appropriate procedure is to proceed with the steps taken for an unconscious choking victim. This may involve performing abdominal thrusts or back blows to dislodge the obstruction and clear the airway.

Explanation

If the first 2 rescue breaths do not make the chest clearly rise, it indicates that there may be an obstruction in the victim's airway. In this case, the appropriate procedure is to proceed with the steps taken for an unconscious choking victim. This may involve performing abdominal thrusts or back blows to dislodge the obstruction and clear the airway.

8. Breathing Emergencies: Checking for pulse. Choose the correct time increments for Adult, Child and Infant.

Infant: check pulse every 2 secs.

Child: check pulse every 3 secs.

Adult: check pulse every 5 minutes.

Infant: check pulse every 2 minutes.

Child: check pulse every 2 minutes.

The correct answer is Child: check pulse every 3 seconds. This is because in breathing emergencies, it is important to check the pulse regularly to monitor the person's condition. For a child, checking the pulse every 3 seconds allows for more frequent monitoring compared to an adult (every 5 minutes) and an infant (every 2 minutes). The shorter time increment for checking the pulse in a child is necessary because their bodies are smaller and their vital signs may change more rapidly.

Explanation

The correct answer is Child: check pulse every 3 seconds. This is because in breathing emergencies, it is important to check the pulse regularly to monitor the person's condition. For a child, checking the pulse every 3 seconds allows for more frequent monitoring compared to an adult (every 5 minutes) and an infant (every 2 minutes). The shorter time increment for checking the pulse in a child is necessary because their bodies are smaller and their vital signs may change more rapidly.

9. Breathing Emergencies: Step 6 "If there is no movement or breathing, give 2 rescue breaths. Select the correct sequential procedures.

Tilt head back, lift chin to open airway, assemble and position resuscitation mask, give rescue breath lasting 1 second, make sure chest rises clearly, use pediatric resuscitation mask or upside down adult mask on infant.

Assemble and position resuscitation mask, position resuscitation mask, use upside down pediatric resuscitation mask on infant, tilt head back, lift chin to open airway, administer rescue breath for 2 seconds, make sure chest rises clearly.

Select appropriate mask for infant by using pediatric mask or upside down adult mask, assemble and position the resuscitation mask, lift chin to open airway, tilt head back, give rescue breath lasting 1 sec, make sure chest rises clearly.

Assemble and position the resuscitation mask, tilt head back to open airway, administer rescue breath lasting 1 sec, make sure chest rises clearly, use pediatric resuscitation mask or upside down adult mask on infant.

Tilt head back, lift chin to open airway, use adult or pediatric mast on infant, assemble and position resuscitation mask, administer each rescue breath for 2 secs., make sure chest rises clearly.

The correct answer follows the correct sequence of steps for giving rescue breaths during a breathing emergency. It starts with assembling and positioning the resuscitation mask, then tilting the head back to open the airway, administering a rescue breath lasting 1 second, and ensuring that the chest rises clearly. It also specifies using a pediatric resuscitation mask or an upside-down adult mask on an infant, which is the appropriate mask for an infant in this situation.

Explanation

The correct answer follows the correct sequence of steps for giving rescue breaths during a breathing emergency. It starts with assembling and positioning the resuscitation mask, then tilting the head back to open the airway, administering a rescue breath lasting 1 second, and ensuring that the chest rises clearly. It also specifies using a pediatric resuscitation mask or an upside-down adult mask on an infant, which is the appropriate mask for an infant in this situation.