Cp Biology 2: Final Exam
Questions and Answers
- 1.
If a pea plant were homozygous recessive for height, how would its alleles be represented?
- A.
Tt
- B.
TT
- C.
Tt
- D.
TT
Correct Answer
A. TtExplanation
If a pea plant is homozygous recessive for height, it means that it has two identical recessive alleles for the height trait. In this case, the alleles would be represented by "tt". The lowercase letters indicate the recessive allele, and having two of them shows that the plant is homozygous for the recessive trait.Rate this question:
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- 2.
When an organism has two alleles at a particular locus that are different, the organism is called
- A.
Purebred
- B.
Dominant
- C.
Heterozygous
- D.
Recessive
Correct Answer
C. HeterozygousExplanation
When an organism has two alleles at a particular locus that are different, it is called heterozygous. Heterozygous means that the organism has two different alleles for a specific trait. In this case, the organism has two different alleles at a particular locus, indicating that it carries both the dominant and recessive alleles for that trait. This is different from being purebred, which means that the organism has two identical alleles for a specific trait, and from being dominant or recessive, which refers to the expression of a particular allele in the phenotype.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Hair color and eye color are examples of a person's
- A.
Recessive traits.
- B.
Phenotype.
- C.
Genotype.
- D.
Dominant traits.
Correct Answer
B. Phenotype.Explanation
Hair color and eye color are examples of a person's phenotype. Phenotype refers to the physical characteristics or traits that are observable and measurable in an individual. These traits are influenced by a combination of genetic factors (genotype) as well as environmental factors. In the case of hair color and eye color, these traits are determined by specific genes, but can also be influenced by factors such as sun exposure or hair dye. Therefore, the correct answer is phenotype.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Mendel's second law of genetics, the law of independent assortment, is one explanation of the
- A.
Random fertilization of gametes.
- B.
Final stages of gametogenesis.
- C.
Greater strength of dominant alleles.
- D.
Genetic variation within species.
Correct Answer
D. Genetic variation within species.Explanation
Mendel's second law of genetics, the law of independent assortment, states that during the formation of gametes, the alleles for different traits segregate independently of each other. This means that the inheritance of one trait does not influence the inheritance of another trait. This independent assortment leads to a greater genetic variation within a species, as different combinations of alleles can be formed in the offspring. Therefore, the correct answer is genetic variation within species.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Any of the alternative forms of a gene that occurs at a specific place on a chromosome are known as ___.
- A.
Genes
- B.
Alleles
- C.
Chromosomes
- D.
Recessive traits
Correct Answer
B. AllelesExplanation
Alleles are alternative forms of a gene that occur at a specific location on a chromosome. They can vary in their DNA sequence and can result in different traits or characteristics. Alleles are responsible for the genetic diversity within a population and can determine variations in physical appearance, behavior, and other traits.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A chart or "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait is called a ___.
- A.
DNA sequence
- B.
Punnett square
- C.
Genetic linkage
- D.
Pedigree
Correct Answer
D. PedigreeExplanation
A chart or "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait is called a pedigree.Rate this question:
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- 7.
___ studied traits of pea plants and discovered the two fundamental laws of genetics.
- A.
Mendel
- B.
Watson and Crick
- C.
Mack
- D.
Einstein
Correct Answer
A. MendelExplanation
Mendel is the correct answer because he conducted experiments on pea plants and discovered the two fundamental laws of genetics, which are the Law of Segregation and the Law of Independent Assortment. Mendel's work laid the foundation for our understanding of inheritance and genetics. Watson and Crick are known for discovering the structure of DNA, Mack is not associated with genetics, and Einstein is known for his contributions to physics, not genetics.Rate this question:
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- 8.
___ is a pattern of inheritance in which the gene for a trait is located on the X-chromosome, thereby creating disorders that are much more common in males than females.
- A.
Incomplete dominance
- B.
Co-dominance
- C.
Multiple allele
- D.
Sex-linked
Correct Answer
D. Sex-linkedExplanation
Sex-linked inheritance refers to the pattern of inheritance where a gene for a trait is located on the X-chromosome. This means that the trait is more commonly seen in males because they only have one X-chromosome, while females have two X-chromosomes. If the gene is recessive and located on the X-chromosome, males only need to inherit one copy of the gene to express the trait, while females need to inherit two copies. This results in disorders or traits being much more prevalent in males than females.Rate this question:
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- 9.
In humans, a ___ cell has ___ chromosomes.
- A.
Haploid ... 46
- B.
Haploid ... 23
- C.
Diploid ... 50
- D.
Diploid ... 23
Correct Answer
B. Haploid ... 23Explanation
In humans, a haploid cell has 23 chromosomes. Haploid cells are cells that contain half the number of chromosomes found in diploid cells. In humans, diploid cells have 46 chromosomes, which are arranged in 23 pairs. During the process of sexual reproduction, haploid cells combine to form a diploid cell, which then develops into a new individual. Therefore, the correct answer is haploid ... 23.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A form of nuclear division that divides a diploid cell into haploid cells and produces gametes is known as ___.
- A.
Mitosis
- B.
Meiosis
- C.
Cellular regeneration
- D.
Binary fission
Correct Answer
B. MeiosisExplanation
Meiosis is the correct answer because it is the form of nuclear division that divides a diploid cell into haploid cells and produces gametes. Mitosis is a form of cell division that results in two identical diploid cells. Cellular regeneration refers to the process of replacing damaged or lost cells, and binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in which a cell divides into two identical cells.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A cell that has two copies of each chromosome is said to be ___.
- A.
Diploid
- B.
Haploid
- C.
Triploid
- D.
A gamete
Correct Answer
A. DiploidExplanation
A cell that has two copies of each chromosome is said to be diploid. This means that it contains two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Diploid cells are found in most body cells of an organism, except for gametes (sperm and egg cells) which are haploid, meaning they only have one set of chromosomes. Triploid refers to a cell or organism with three sets of chromosomes, while a gamete is a reproductive cell that is haploid.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A female gamete ___.
- A.
Is produced in the testes.
- B.
Is called an ovum or an egg cell.
- C.
Is called a spermatocyte.
- D.
Is called a polar body.
Correct Answer
B. Is called an ovum or an egg cell.Explanation
A female gamete is called an ovum or an egg cell. This is because in sexual reproduction, the female gamete is the reproductive cell that is capable of being fertilized by a male gamete (sperm) to form a zygote. The term "ovum" or "egg cell" is used to specifically refer to the female gamete in animals, including humans. The ovum is produced in the ovaries, not in the testes.Rate this question:
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- 13.
A(n) ___ involves the insertion or deletion of a single base in a DNA molecule.
- A.
Frameshift mutation
- B.
Point mutation
- C.
Translocation
- D.
Mutagen
Correct Answer
A. Frameshift mutationExplanation
A frameshift mutation involves the insertion or deletion of a single base in a DNA molecule. This type of mutation causes a shift in the reading frame of the genetic code, resulting in a completely different sequence of amino acids being produced during protein synthesis. Frameshift mutations can have significant effects on the structure and function of proteins, often leading to non-functional or malfunctioning proteins.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Each set of three nucleotides on mRNA coding for an amino acid is referred to as a(n) ___.
- A.
Codon
- B.
Anticodon
- C.
Ribosome
- D.
Base pair
Correct Answer
A. CodonExplanation
A set of three nucleotides on mRNA that codes for an amino acid is known as a codon. Codons are the basic units of the genetic code and determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein. Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal, and they are read by the ribosome during protein synthesis. Anticodons are found on tRNA and pair with codons during translation. Ribosomes are cellular structures where protein synthesis takes place. Base pairs are formed between nucleotides in DNA and RNA.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Messenger RNA is formed in the process of ___.
- A.
Translation
- B.
Transcription
- C.
Replication
- D.
Mutation
Correct Answer
B. TranscriptionExplanation
Messenger RNA is formed in the process of transcription. Transcription is the process by which the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into a complementary RNA molecule. This RNA molecule, known as messenger RNA (mRNA), carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes, where it is translated into a specific protein. Therefore, transcription is the correct process in which messenger RNA is formed.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The process by which a DNA molecule is copied is ___.
- A.
Transcription
- B.
Translation
- C.
Replication
- D.
Mutation
Correct Answer
C. ReplicationExplanation
The correct answer is replication. Replication refers to the process in which a DNA molecule is duplicated, resulting in two identical copies of the original DNA molecule. This process is essential for cell division and the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next. During replication, the DNA strands separate and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. This ensures that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information. Transcription, on the other hand, is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template, while translation is the process of protein synthesis. Mutation refers to a change in the DNA sequence.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Watson and Crick, with the help of Rosalind Franklin, were the first to suggest that DNA is ___.
- A.
A short molecule
- B.
A protein molecule
- C.
The shape of a double helix
- D.
The genetic material
Correct Answer
C. The shape of a double helixExplanation
Watson and Crick, with the assistance of Rosalind Franklin, proposed that DNA has the shape of a double helix. This means that DNA is structured as two strands that twist around each other in a spiral shape, resembling a twisted ladder. This discovery was groundbreaking as it provided crucial insights into the structure and function of DNA, paving the way for further advancements in the field of genetics and molecular biology.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which DNA sequence produced an mRNA strand with the sequence AGUACA?
- A.
UCAUGU
- B.
TCATGT
- C.
GUACAG
- D.
CAGTAC
Correct Answer
B. TCATGTExplanation
The mRNA strand with the sequence AGUACA can be produced from the DNA sequence TCATGT. In DNA, the base pairs are A-T and G-C. When transcribing DNA to mRNA, A pairs with U and T pairs with A. Therefore, the DNA sequence TCATGT would transcribe to the mRNA sequence AGUACA.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which of the following is a pair of complementary bases?
- A.
Cytosine and cytosine
- B.
Adenine and guanine
- C.
Thymine and adenine
- D.
Thymine and ctyosine
Correct Answer
C. Thymine and adenineExplanation
Thymine and adenine are a pair of complementary bases because they form a base pair in DNA. Adenine always pairs with thymine through two hydrogen bonds, while thymine always pairs with adenine through these same hydrogen bonds. This complementary base pairing is essential for DNA replication and the accurate transmission of genetic information.Rate this question:
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- 20.
There are literally hundreds of thousands of different organic molecules. Which statement best explains how this is possible?
- A.
Elements can make an unlimited number of chemical bonds.
- B.
Carbon is unique in that it can make four chemical bonds.
- C.
Carbon can make twenty bonds to other carbon atoms.
- D.
Organic molecules are acidic.
Correct Answer
B. Carbon is unique in that it can make four chemical bonds.Explanation
Carbon is unique in that it can make four chemical bonds. This allows carbon atoms to form stable covalent bonds with other carbon atoms, as well as with other elements. This property of carbon enables the formation of long chains and complex structures, leading to the vast diversity of organic molecules. Other elements may have different bonding capacities, limiting the number of possible combinations and therefore the number of organic molecules they can form.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Organic compounds always contain the element ____.
- A.
Carbon
- B.
Nitrogen
- C.
Oxygen
- D.
Organium
Correct Answer
A. CarbonExplanation
Organic compounds are defined as compounds that contain carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms. Carbon is the element that is always present in organic compounds, distinguishing them from inorganic compounds which may not contain carbon. Therefore, the correct answer is carbon.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of RNA?
- A.
It contains uracil.
- B.
It contains thymine.
- C.
It is made of only one strand.
- D.
It transfers genes to the ribosome.
Correct Answer
B. It contains thymine.Explanation
RNA is a nucleic acid that contains uracil instead of thymine. This is a key characteristic of RNA as opposed to DNA, which contains thymine. RNA is also typically single-stranded and plays a crucial role in transferring genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis. Therefore, the statement "It contains thymine" is incorrect as thymine is not found in RNA.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Which of the following describes DNA?
- A.
It contains uracil.
- B.
It contains the sugar ribose.
- C.
It controls the production of proteins.
- D.
It is made of amino acids.
Correct Answer
C. It controls the production of proteins.Explanation
DNA controls the production of proteins through a process called transcription and translation. DNA contains the genetic instructions necessary for the synthesis of proteins. It carries the information in the form of genes, which are specific sequences of nucleotides. During transcription, the DNA sequence is transcribed into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. The mRNA then travels to the ribosomes where translation occurs. During translation, the mRNA is used as a template to assemble the amino acids in the correct order, forming a protein. Therefore, the statement "It controls the production of proteins" accurately describes DNA.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which of the following is a structural form of carbohydrate?
- A.
Cellulose
- B.
Starch
- C.
Enzyme
- D.
RNA
Correct Answer
A. CelluloseExplanation
Cellulose is a structural form of carbohydrate because it is a complex polysaccharide made up of glucose molecules linked together. It forms the main structural component of plant cell walls and provides rigidity and strength to the plant cells. Starch, on the other hand, is a storage form of carbohydrate, while enzyme and RNA are not carbohydrates but rather types of biomolecules involved in biological processes.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which of the following monomers make up a lipid?
- A.
Glycerol and fatty acid
- B.
Glycerol and amino acids
- C.
Glycerol and nucleic acids
- D.
Thymine and guanine
Correct Answer
A. Glycerol and fatty acidExplanation
Lipids are organic compounds that are insoluble in water and play important roles in energy storage, insulation, and protection. The monomers that make up a lipid are glycerol and fatty acids. Glycerol is a three-carbon alcohol with hydroxyl groups, and fatty acids are long hydrocarbon chains with a carboxyl group at one end. These fatty acids bond to the glycerol molecule through dehydration synthesis, forming a triglyceride. Therefore, the correct answer is glycerol and fatty acid.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Which of the following is NOT a nucleotide found in DNA?
- A.
Adenine
- B.
Cytosine
- C.
Guanine
- D.
Uracil
Correct Answer
D. UracilExplanation
Uracil is not a nucleotide found in DNA. DNA is composed of four different nucleotides: adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. Uracil is found in RNA instead of DNA, where it pairs with adenine. Thymine is the nucleotide that pairs with adenine in DNA.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Which of the following is a polymer of nucleotides?
- A.
Nucleic Acid
- B.
Protein
- C.
Carbohydrate
- D.
Lipid
Correct Answer
A. Nucleic AcidExplanation
Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA and RNA. They consist of a sugar molecule (ribose or deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, or uracil). Nucleic acids play a crucial role in storing and transmitting genetic information, making them essential for the functioning of living organisms. Proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids are not polymers of nucleotides, but they have their own unique structures and functions in biological systems.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Which of the following is a polymer of amino acids?
- A.
Protein
- B.
Carbohydrate
- C.
Lipid
- D.
Nucleic Acid
Correct Answer
A. ProteinExplanation
Proteins are polymers of amino acids. Amino acids are joined together through peptide bonds to form long chains, which then fold into specific three-dimensional structures. These structures determine the function of proteins in the body. Carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids are not polymers of amino acids. Carbohydrates are composed of sugar molecules, lipids are composed of fatty acids, and nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Which phrase best describes the electron transport chain in photosynthesis?
- A.
A chain of photosynthetic proteins located in the stroma
- B.
A collection of enzymes used to make ADP
- C.
A series of proteins located in the thylakoid membrane
- D.
A group of enzymes that carries energy to the Calvin cycle
Correct Answer
C. A series of proteins located in the thylakoid membraneExplanation
The electron transport chain in photosynthesis is a series of proteins located in the thylakoid membrane. This chain is responsible for transferring electrons, derived from light energy, through a series of protein complexes. As the electrons move through the chain, they create a proton gradient, which is used to generate ATP. This ATP is then used in the Calvin cycle to convert carbon dioxide into glucose. Therefore, the correct answer is a series of proteins located in the thylakoid membrane.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The process by which plants use sunlight to make glucose is called ___.
- A.
Mitosis
- B.
Cellular respiration
- C.
The cell cycle
- D.
Photosynthesis
Correct Answer
D. PhotosynthesisExplanation
Photosynthesis is the correct answer because it is the process by which plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. During photosynthesis, chlorophyll in the plant's cells captures energy from sunlight, which is then used to combine carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose. This process is essential for plants to produce food and release oxygen into the atmosphere. Mitosis is the process of cell division, cellular respiration is the process of breaking down glucose to release energy, and the cell cycle refers to the series of events that a cell goes through as it grows and divides.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The main light-absorbing molecules found in plant leaves are called
- A.
Chloroplasts
- B.
Thylakoids
- C.
Chlorophyll
- D.
Grana
Correct Answer
C. ChlorophyllExplanation
Chlorophyll is the correct answer because it is the main light-absorbing pigment found in plant leaves. It is responsible for capturing sunlight during photosynthesis and converting it into chemical energy. Chlorophyll molecules are located within the chloroplasts, which are the organelles where photosynthesis takes place. Thylakoids and grana are structures within the chloroplasts where chlorophyll molecules are organized, but they are not the main light-absorbing molecules themselves.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which of the following statements best describes the process of photosynthesis?
- A.
Plants use oxygen to make simple sugars.
- B.
Chlorophyll builds sugars in the thylakoid membrane.
- C.
Light breaks down water molecules and releases carbon dioxide.
- D.
Chloroplasts absorb sunlight and store chemical energy.
Correct Answer
D. Chloroplasts absorb sunlight and store chemical energy.Explanation
Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells that contain chlorophyll, which is responsible for absorbing sunlight. Through the process of photosynthesis, chloroplasts convert this sunlight into chemical energy in the form of glucose (simple sugars). This energy is then stored in the plant for later use. Therefore, the statement "Chloroplasts absorb sunlight and store chemical energy" best describes the process of photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 33.
What is the term for the jelly-like substance that is contained inside the cell membrane?
- A.
Organelle
- B.
Nucleus
- C.
Cytoplasm
- D.
DNA
Correct Answer
C. CytoplasmExplanation
Cytoplasm is the correct answer because it refers to the jelly-like substance that is enclosed by the cell membrane. It contains various organelles, such as the nucleus, and is responsible for supporting the cell's structure and housing the cell's genetic material, DNA.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which of the following is a characteristic of prophase?
- A.
The cytoplasm splits.
- B.
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
- C.
Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell.
- D.
Nuclear membrane breaks down.
Correct Answer
D. Nuclear membrane breaks down.Explanation
During prophase, the nuclear membrane breaks down. This is an important characteristic of prophase because it allows the chromosomes, which have already replicated during interphase, to be released into the cytoplasm. Breaking down the nuclear membrane also allows for the formation of the mitotic spindle, which is necessary for the proper alignment and separation of chromosomes during cell division.Rate this question:
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- 35.
What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?
- A.
Convert solar energy to chemical energy
- B.
Communicate with other cells
- C.
Process and deliver proteins
- D.
Copy genetic material
Correct Answer
C. Process and deliver proteinsExplanation
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing and delivering proteins within the cell. It receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum, modifies them by adding sugars and other molecules, and then packages them into vesicles for transport to their final destinations within the cell or for secretion outside of the cell. This process ensures that proteins are properly folded, modified, and targeted to their intended locations, allowing them to perform their specific functions within the cell.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Unlike a eukaryoteic cell, a prokaryotic cell does not have...
- A.
DNA.
- B.
A nucleus.
- C.
Cytoplasm.
- D.
A cell membrane.
Correct Answer
B. A nucleus.Explanation
A prokaryotic cell does not have a nucleus. Unlike eukaryotic cells, which have a distinct nucleus that contains the cell's DNA, prokaryotic cells have their DNA scattered throughout the cytoplasm. Prokaryotic cells are simpler in structure and lack many membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells. Instead, they have a cell membrane that encloses the cytoplasm and controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Which organelle is the storehouse for most of a cell's genetic information?
- A.
Nucleus
- B.
Mitochondrion
- C.
Centriole
- D.
Chloroplast
Correct Answer
A. NucleusExplanation
The nucleus is the storehouse for most of a cell's genetic information. It contains the cell's DNA, which carries the instructions for the cell's functioning and development. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane, which helps protect the genetic material from damage. Additionally, the nucleus plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression and controlling the cell's activities. Therefore, the nucleus is responsible for storing and controlling the genetic information of a cell.Rate this question:
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- 38.
In the diagram to the right, what is structure B?
- A.
Folded inner membrane
- B.
Stroma
- C.
Mitochondrial matrix
- D.
Thylakoid membrane
Correct Answer
C. Mitochondrial matrixExplanation
The correct answer is mitochondrial matrix. The diagram likely represents a mitochondrion, which is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. The mitochondrion is composed of an outer membrane and an inner membrane, with the space between them called the intermembrane space. Inside the inner membrane is the mitochondrial matrix, which contains enzymes involved in cellular respiration. This is where many of the metabolic reactions occur, including the citric acid cycle and the production of ATP. Therefore, structure B in the diagram is most likely representing the mitochondrial matrix.Rate this question:
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- 39.
In the diagram to the right, what is structure A?
- A.
Folded inner membrane
- B.
Mitochondrial matrix
- C.
Stroma
- D.
Thylakoid membrane
Correct Answer
A. Folded inner membraneExplanation
Structure A in the diagram represents the folded inner membrane. This is because the folded inner membrane is a characteristic feature of mitochondria, where it increases the surface area available for cellular respiration and ATP production. The other options, such as the mitochondrial matrix, stroma, and thylakoid membrane, are associated with other cellular structures like chloroplasts and not applicable to the given diagram.Rate this question:
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- 40.
The part of cellular respiration in which glucose is broken down is called
- A.
Photosynthesis.
- B.
Aerobic respiration.
- C.
Electron transport.
- D.
Glycolysis.
Correct Answer
D. Glycolysis.Explanation
Glycolysis is the correct answer because it is the part of cellular respiration in which glucose is broken down. During glycolysis, glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH. This process occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen, making it the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Photosynthesis, on the other hand, is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy, while aerobic respiration and electron transport occur later in cellular respiration, after glycolysis.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Where does glycolysis take place?
- A.
Chloroplast
- B.
Mitochondrial matrix
- C.
Mitochondrial inner membrane
- D.
Cytoplasm
Correct Answer
D. CytoplasmExplanation
Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate. It is the first step in cellular respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. In this process, glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH. The cytoplasm is the location where most cellular processes take place, including the initial steps of glucose metabolism. Therefore, glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm.Rate this question:
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- 42.
___ is known as the universal solvent.
- A.
Water
- B.
Acetone
- C.
Alcohol
- D.
Cytoplasm
Correct Answer
A. WaterExplanation
Water is known as the universal solvent because it has the ability to dissolve a wide range of substances. This is due to its unique molecular structure, with polar covalent bonds and hydrogen bonding. Water molecules are attracted to both positive and negative charges, allowing them to surround and separate solute particles, breaking them apart and forming a solution. This property of water makes it essential for many biological processes, as it can dissolve and transport nutrients, waste products, and other molecules within cells and throughout organisms.Rate this question:
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- 43.
The ancient bipedal hominid called "Lucy" is a member of which species?
- A.
Australopithecus africanus
- B.
Australopithecus aferensis
- C.
Homo sapiens
- D.
Homo erectus
Correct Answer
B. Australopithecus aferensisExplanation
Lucy, the ancient bipedal hominid, is a member of the species Australopithecus aferensis. This is because Lucy's skeletal remains, discovered in Ethiopia in 1974, exhibit characteristics that align with Australopithecus aferensis, such as a small brain size, a mix of ape-like and human-like features, and evidence of walking upright. Lucy's discovery has provided valuable insights into human evolution and our early ancestors.Rate this question:
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- 44.
The ancient bipedal hominid called "Handy Man" is a member of which species?
- A.
Homo neanderthalensis
- B.
Homo habilis
- C.
Homo sapiens
- D.
Homo erectus
Correct Answer
B. Homo habilisExplanation
Homo habilis, also known as "Handy Man," is an ancient bipedal hominid species. This species lived approximately 2.4 to 1.4 million years ago and is considered one of the earliest members of the Homo genus. They were known for their tool-making abilities, which earned them the nickname "Handy Man." Homo habilis had a smaller brain size compared to later hominid species, but they were still capable of using tools and had a significant impact on human evolution.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Modern humans are members of which species?
- A.
Homo neanderthalensis
- B.
Homo habilis
- C.
Homo erectus
- D.
Homo sapiens
Correct Answer
D. Homo sapiensExplanation
The correct answer is Homo sapiens because Homo sapiens refers to modern humans. Homo neanderthalensis, Homo habilis, and Homo erectus are all extinct species of hominids that lived before modern humans.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Which of the following is not a monkey?
- A.
Baboon
- B.
Homo sapiens
- C.
Lemur
- D.
Tarsier
Correct Answer
B. Homo sapiensExplanation
Homo sapiens is not a monkey because it belongs to the species of humans. Monkeys are a separate group of primates that include baboons, lemurs, and tarsiers.Rate this question:
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- 47.
The oldest living primate group are the ___.
- A.
Orangutans
- B.
Old world monkeys
- C.
Prosimians
- D.
Gorillas
Correct Answer
C. ProsimiansExplanation
Prosimians are the oldest living primate group. They are a group of primates that includes lemurs, lorises, and tarsiers. Prosimians have been around for millions of years and are considered to be the most primitive and ancestral primates. They have retained many characteristics that were present in the earliest primates, such as a keen sense of smell and large, forward-facing eyes. Orangutans, old world monkeys, and gorillas are not part of the prosimian group and are relatively more recent in evolutionary history.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of hominids?
- A.
Walking upright
- B.
Prehensile tails
- C.
Opposable thumbs
- D.
Large brains
Correct Answer
B. Prehensile tailsExplanation
Hominids are a group of primates that includes humans and their closest relatives. They are characterized by several distinct features, such as walking upright, opposable thumbs, and large brains. However, hominids do not possess prehensile tails. A prehensile tail is a specialized adaptation found in some primates, like monkeys and certain species of apes, that allows them to grasp and manipulate objects. Hominids, on the other hand, do not have this physical trait, making it the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 49.
What is the only hominid to co-exist with Homo sapiens in Europe?
- A.
Homo erectus
- B.
Homo neanderthalensis
- C.
Homo habilis
- D.
Homo robustus
Correct Answer
B. Homo neanderthalensisExplanation
Homo neanderthalensis is the correct answer because it is the only hominid species that co-existed with Homo sapiens in Europe. Neanderthals lived in Europe and parts of Asia from approximately 400,000 to 40,000 years ago. They had a close genetic relationship with modern humans and are considered a sister species. Evidence suggests that Neanderthals had sophisticated tools, used fire, and had complex social structures. They eventually went extinct, possibly due to competition with Homo sapiens or climate change.Rate this question:
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- 50.
What two groups are most hominid species classified into?
- A.
Australopithecus and Homo
- B.
Africanus and habilis
- C.
Homo and sapiens
- D.
Australopithecus and Anthropida
Correct Answer
A. Australopithecus and HomoExplanation
Hominid species are classified into two main groups: Australopithecus and Homo. Australopithecus is a genus that includes various species of early hominids, such as Australopithecus afarensis. Homo, on the other hand, refers to the genus that includes modern humans and their close relatives, such as Homo habilis and Homo sapiens. These two groups represent different stages in human evolution, with Australopithecus species being more ancient and Homo species being more closely related to modern humans.Rate this question:
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Mar 19, 2023Quiz Edited by
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May 17, 2012Quiz Created by
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