Civil Rights Quiz Rippee 2nd

The Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments are often referred to as the Civil War Amendments because they were enacted during and after the American Civil War. These amendments were aimed at addressing the issues of slavery, citizenship, equal protection under the law, and voting rights for African Americans. They played a crucial role in transforming the legal status and rights of African Americans in the United States, making them significant amendments directly related to the Civil War and its aftermath.

Suffrage refers to the legal right to vote.

Betty Friedan's book, "The Feminine Mystique," published in 1963, encouraged many women to question traditional assumptions and to assert their rights.

The term minority-majority is used to signify the fact that the U.S. is moving toward a situation in which minority groups will outnumber Caucasians and Whites of European descent. This means that the demographic makeup of the country is changing, with minority groups becoming a larger proportion of the population compared to the majority group. This has implications for various aspects of society, including politics, culture, and social dynamics.

The Twenty-Fourth Amendment ended poll taxes in federal elections. This means that individuals were no longer required to pay a tax in order to vote in federal elections. The amendment aimed to eliminate a barrier to voting that disproportionately affected African Americans and other minority groups, as they were often unable to afford the poll tax. The amendment was a significant step towards ensuring equal access to the voting booth for all citizens.

During Reconstruction, various state laws placed restrictions on Blacks in the South. These restrictions included denying them the right to vote, serve on juries with white defendants, testify in courts against white defendants, and own and carry firearms without a license. However, the right to marry was not included in these restrictions.

The southern states bypassed the Fifteenth Amendment through various means such as poll taxes, the grandfather clause, violent intimidation tactics, and literacy tests. However, separate "Black" elections were not a means by which the southern states bypassed the Fifteenth Amendment. This option suggests that there were separate elections specifically for Black individuals, which would not be a method of bypassing the amendment but rather a form of inclusion.

The correct answer is that Jim Crow laws were enacted by Southern Whites in the late nineteenth century to segregate African Americans from Whites. This answer accurately describes the purpose and origin of Jim Crow laws, which were a system of racial segregation and discrimination that were enforced in the Southern states after the Civil War. These laws were designed to maintain white supremacy and keep African Americans separate and unequal in all aspects of life, including education, housing, transportation, and public facilities.

The correct answer is that the Supreme Court ruled that school segregation was inherently unequal. This means that the court declared that the practice of separating schools based on race was inherently unfair and violated the principle of equal protection under the law. The ruling in Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark decision that paved the way for desegregation in public schools.

The Supreme Court in the case of Korematsu v. United States ruled that the removal of Japanese Americans from the west coast and their placement in internment camps during World War II was constitutional. This means that the Court determined that the government's actions were allowed under the Constitution, despite the fact that they were widely criticized as unjust and discriminatory.

The correct answer is the principle of “separate but equal” was used to justify segregation. This is because the case of Plessy v. Ferguson established the legal precedent that racial segregation was constitutional as long as the separate facilities were considered equal. This ruling allowed for the institutionalization of segregation and perpetuated racial discrimination in the United States.

The correct answer is "by the reality of neighborhood schools located in areas that happen to be racially segregated." This means that educational segregation occurs because schools in certain neighborhoods are located in racially segregated areas. This can result in schools with predominantly one racial group, leading to segregation within the educational system.

In 1964, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act which prohibited federal aid to schools that remained segregated. This act was a significant milestone in the civil rights movement as it aimed to end racial segregation in schools and ensure equal educational opportunities for all students. By withholding federal funding from segregated schools, the act put pressure on educational institutions to desegregate and promote equality in education.

The Equal Rights Amendment failed because it fell three states short of sufficient ratification. Despite being approved by Congress in 1972, the amendment did not receive the necessary approval from three-fourths of the states within the designated time period. This lack of support from the states ultimately led to the failure of the amendment.

Earl Warren wrote the opinion for Brown v. Board of Education (1954). This landmark case declared that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson. Earl Warren served as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1953 to 1969 and played a significant role in advancing civil rights during his tenure.

Harry Truman, as President, used executive orders to end segregation in the armed services and federal bureaucracy. This means that he took direct action to dismantle the discriminatory practices and policies that were prevalent in these institutions. By issuing executive orders, Truman demonstrated his commitment to advancing civil rights and equality, particularly in the areas of employment and military service. This action was significant as it challenged the prevailing racial segregation of the time and set an important precedent for future civil rights advancements.

The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified in 1868 and aimed to protect the civil rights of former slaves and provide equal protection under the law for all citizens. It included provisions such as due process for all citizens in all states, equal protection for all citizens in all states, citizenship for all former slaves, and forbidding states to diminish the privileges and immunities of all citizens. However, economic equality for all citizens in all states was not explicitly included in the Fourteenth Amendment.

The Civil Rights Act of 1875, which attempted to eliminate many of the Jim Crow laws, was found unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. This means that the Act was deemed to be in violation of the Constitution and therefore could not be enforced. As a result, the Act did not have the intended impact of eliminating Jim Crow laws and did not contribute to the success of the Civil Rights Movement.

The correct answer is "dramatic increase in the number of African Americans registered to vote." The Voting Rights Act of 1965 aimed to eliminate racial discrimination in voting practices and ensure equal access to the voting process for all citizens, particularly African Americans who had been historically disenfranchised. The act included provisions such as banning literacy tests and other discriminatory voting practices, and it also authorized federal oversight of election procedures in areas with a history of racial discrimination. As a result, there was a significant increase in the number of African Americans who were able to register and exercise their right to vote.

In the case of Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, the Court ruled that a public university could not set aside a quota of spots for particular groups. This means that the university cannot reserve a specific number of admissions slots for individuals from certain racial or ethnic backgrounds. The ruling suggests that admissions decisions should be based on individual merit rather than group affiliation, promoting equal opportunity for all applicants.

President Eisenhower's reluctance to support the civil rights movement and court decisions is evident in his actions during his presidency. While he did make some efforts to advance civil rights, such as desegregating schools in Little Rock, Arkansas, his overall stance on the issue was hesitant. He was cautious in his approach and often deferred to states' rights, which hindered the progress of the civil rights movement. This reluctance is further highlighted by his lack of support for legislation that aimed to protect the rights of African Americans.

The Thirteenth Amendment was necessary due to the decision in the Scott v. Sandford case decided by Roger Taney. In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that enslaved individuals were not citizens and therefore could not sue for their freedom. This decision further solidified the institution of slavery and highlighted the need for a constitutional amendment to abolish it. The Thirteenth Amendment was enacted to overturn this ruling and abolish slavery in the United States.