Chemistry Of Life - Quiz 2

The neutral pH value is 7. This is because the pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being the midpoint. A pH value of 7 indicates a neutral solution, meaning it is neither acidic nor alkaline. It is important to note that pH values below 7 are acidic, while values above 7 are alkaline.

Proteins are macromolecules made up of amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are linked together through peptide bonds to form long chains. These chains then fold into specific three-dimensional structures, which determine the protein's function. Lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids are all important biomolecules, but they are not the primary components of proteins.

A covalent bond is formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms. In this type of bond, both atoms contribute one or more electrons to a shared electron pair, resulting in a stable arrangement. This sharing allows both atoms to achieve a full outer electron shell, similar to the noble gases, making the bond strong and stable.

In a salt water solution, the solute is the salt, while the solvent is the water. The solute is the substance that is being dissolved, while the solvent is the substance in which the solute is dissolved. In this case, the salt is being dissolved in water, therefore water is the solvent.

In the early 1900s, many children had a disease called rickets, which is characterized by weak and deformed bones. Research showed that these children had a deficiency of a vitamin necessary for proper bone formation. Vitamin D is crucial for the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, which are essential for bone health. Therefore, the lack of Vitamin D in the diets of these children led to the development of rickets.

The diagram shows that the highest level of activity for catalase occurs at a pH of 7. This means that catalase is most effective at a neutral pH. At lower or higher pH levels, the activity of catalase decreases. This suggests that catalase has an optimal pH range in which it functions most efficiently.

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. Neutrons are subatomic particles that have no charge and are found in the nucleus of an atom along with protons. The number of protons in an atom determines its atomic number and defines the element, while the number of neutrons can vary among isotopes of the same element. Therefore, the correct answer is neutrons.

Catalase is an enzyme, which is a type of protein. Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids. Therefore, the building blocks of catalase are amino acids.