Primary And Secondary Sociology Class

An out-group refers to a group of people that an individual perceives as different or separate from their own group. It is characterized by feelings of antagonism, competition, or even hostility. This term is often used in social psychology to describe the negative attitudes and behaviors that individuals may have towards those who are not part of their own group.

An agricultural society is credited with ushering in "the dawn of civilization" because it marked a significant shift from a nomadic lifestyle to a settled one. The development of agriculture allowed people to cultivate crops and domesticate animals, leading to the establishment of permanent settlements and the development of complex social structures. This transition also led to the development of technologies, such as irrigation systems and plows, which further contributed to the growth and advancement of society.

Patrick's experience in the Democratic Party, where he started as a member and eventually became a part of the local party leadership, suggests that secondary groups, like the Democratic Party, have the potential to break down into primary groups. This means that within the larger secondary group, smaller and more intimate primary groups can form, where members work closely together towards common goals. Patrick's progression from a member to a leader indicates that primary groups can emerge within the larger secondary group of the Democratic Party.

Groupthink refers to the phenomenon where a group of individuals prioritize consensus and conformity over critical thinking and independent decision-making. Coined by Irving Janis, it describes a collective tunnel vision that occurs when group members suppress dissenting opinions and fail to consider alternative perspectives, resulting in flawed decision-making. This term highlights the negative consequences of group cohesion and the tendency to prioritize harmony over objective analysis.

An expressive leader is someone who focuses on building relationships, understanding and addressing the emotions of their team members, and creating a positive and supportive work environment. They prioritize communication, empathy, and collaboration. Therefore, the term "socioemotive" accurately describes this type of leader, as it highlights their ability to connect emotionally with others and foster a sense of belonging and well-being within the team.

Frank's primary group is his parish affiliation because it is a close-knit community where he likely has personal relationships and a strong sense of belonging. On the other hand, his affiliation with Owens Corning serves as a secondary group because it is primarily a work-related association where the relationships are more formal and task-oriented.

The statement "Secondary groups are less formal than primary groups" is the least accurate description of primary and secondary groups. While it is true that primary groups play a key role in the development of self, secondary groups are not necessarily larger than primary groups and more anonymous. Additionally, primary groups provide a buffer from the threatening aspects of society, which is not mentioned in the statement.

Georg Simmel noted that as groups grow smaller, they become less stable. This can be explained by the fact that smaller groups have fewer members, which can lead to a lack of diversity in perspectives, skills, and resources. With fewer members, there may also be a higher dependence on each individual, making the group more vulnerable to disruptions caused by the absence or departure of a member. Additionally, smaller groups may face challenges in maintaining a balance of power and decision-making, which can contribute to instability.