Chapter 3 Quiz 2

A cash crop is a type of crop that is primarily grown and cultivated for the purpose of selling it. Farmers grow cash crops with the intention of generating income by selling them in the market. These crops are not typically grown for personal consumption or for the use of the farmer and their family. Instead, they are cultivated on a larger scale and sold to buyers, either locally or internationally. Cash crops play a significant role in the economy as they contribute to the agricultural sector and generate revenue for farmers and the country as a whole.

The Stono Rebellion was a significant slave revolt that took place in South Carolina in 1739. It was led by African slaves who were seeking freedom and were inspired by the desire to escape the harsh conditions of slavery. The rebellion resulted in the deaths of many slaves and led to stricter slave codes being implemented in the Southern colonies. This event is an important part of American history as it showcases the resistance and struggle of enslaved Africans against their oppressors.

Jonathan Edwards was a key figure in the Great Awakening, a religious revival movement that swept through the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. Edwards was a prominent preacher and theologian who played a crucial role in sparking the revival and inspiring thousands of people to recommit themselves to their faith. His famous sermon, "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God," is considered one of the most influential sermons in American history. Edwards' teachings and the Great Awakening had a profound impact on American religious and cultural life, making the Great Awakening the correct answer.

During the Great Awakening, there was a religious revival that swept through the American colonies. This movement led to a renewed interest in religion and a deepening of religious beliefs among the colonists. Many people experienced a spiritual awakening and became more devoted to their faith. The Great Awakening emphasized the individual's personal relationship with God and challenged traditional religious practices. It had a significant impact on religious belief and played a crucial role in shaping the religious landscape of colonial America.

Benjamin Franklin was a key figure in the Enlightenment, an intellectual and philosophical movement that emerged in the 18th century. The Enlightenment emphasized reason, science, and individualism, promoting ideas such as religious tolerance, freedom of speech, and the pursuit of knowledge. Franklin himself was a polymath, known for his scientific experiments, inventions, and writings on various subjects. He played a significant role in disseminating Enlightenment ideas through his publications and involvement in organizations such as the American Philosophical Society. Therefore, it is accurate to say that Benjamin Franklin was an important figure in the Enlightenment.

The term "triangular trade" refers to a historical trade system that connected the colonies, West Indies, England, Europe, and Africa. This trade network involved the exchange of goods, such as raw materials from the colonies and West Indies, manufactured goods from Europe, and enslaved Africans from Africa. This system formed a triangle-shaped trade route that facilitated the flow of goods and people between these regions.

The middle passage of the triangular trade refers to the transportation of enslaved people from Africa to the Americas. This was a brutal and inhumane trade route where millions of Africans were forcibly taken from their homes and transported as cargo on ships. They were then sold as slaves to work on plantations in the Americas, primarily in the production of crops such as sugar, cotton, and tobacco. The answer, therefore, is enslaved people.

The Salem Witchcraft Trials were primarily caused by widespread hysteria, widespread belief in witchcraft, and tensions produced by uneven economic growth. However, the spread of Enlightenment ideals did not contribute to the trials. The Enlightenment period emphasized reason, logic, and skepticism, which would have contradicted the superstitious beliefs that fueled the witch trials. Therefore, the spread of Enlightenment ideals can be excluded as a cause for the Salem Witchcraft Trials.

Southern planters chose to use enslaved Africans on their plantations for several reasons. Africans were believed to be well suited to working in hot climates, as they had developed resistance to diseases like malaria. Slaves provided labor for their entire lifetimes, ensuring a constant workforce. Additionally, most white colonists believed that black people were inferior, which justified their enslavement. However, the statement that enslaved Africans were very inexpensive to purchase is incorrect. In reality, the price of slaves varied depending on factors such as age, gender, skill level, and market demand. Slaves were a significant investment for planters, and their prices could be quite high.

Enlightenment thinkers emphasized the use of reason as a means to understand and improve the world. They also advocated for the scientific method, which involves systematic observation, experimentation, and analysis. Furthermore, they emphasized the importance of the individual, valuing individual rights, freedoms, and autonomy. However, they did not focus on the unpredictability of nature as a central theme. Instead, they sought to uncover natural laws and principles through reason and empirical observation.