Human Body Quizzes
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Chapter 24: Pee Pee System!
- 1.What vascular structure is found between the afferent and efferent arterioles?
- A.
Peritubular capillaries
- B.
Renal artery
- C.
Glomerulus
- D.
Renal veins
- 2.What is the major artery that supplies the kidneys?
- A.
Carotid
- B.
Portal
- C.
Celiac axis
- D.
Renal
- 3.Which of the following is correct?
- A.
One kidney
- B.
One ureter
- C.
Two urinary bladders
- D.
One urethra
- 4.The urinary tract is lined with
- A.
Serous membrane
- B.
The renal capsule
- C.
Mucous membrane
- D.
Tubular epithelium
- 5.The renal cortex descends between the pyramids as the
- A.
Pelvis
- B.
Collecting ducts
- C.
Calyces
- D.
Renal columns
- 6.The renal capsule
- A.
Lines the tubules
- B.
Lines the urinary bladder
- C.
Surrounds the kidneys
- D.
Outlines the trigone
- 7.Which blood vessels are primarily concerned with reabsorption?
- A.
Renal artery
- B.
Glomeruli
- C.
Renal vein
- D.
Peritubular capillaries
- 8.What is the urine-making strucutre of the kidney?
- A.
Trigone
- B.
Renal pyramid
- C.
Renal capsule
- D.
Nephron unit
- 9.Where does aldosterone exert its effects?
- A.
Glomeruli
- B.
Efferent arteriole
- C.
Distal convulted tubule
- D.
Ascending limb (loop of Henle)
- 10.The efferent arterioles extend to become the
- A.
Peritubular capillaries
- B.
Afferent arterioles
- C.
Glomeruli
- D.
Renal artery
- 11.The proximal convulated tubules extend to become the
- A.
Peritubular capillaries
- B.
Collecting duct
- C.
Descending limb (loop of Henle)
- D.
Glomeruli
- 12.Urine flows from the ascending limb (loop of Henle) into the
- A.
Glomeruli
- B.
Proximal convulated tubule
- C.
Distal convulated tubule
- D.
Ureter
- 13.The calyces receive urine from the
- A.
Proximal convulated tubule
- B.
Collecting ducts
- C.
Glomeruli
- D.
Peritubular capillaries
- 14.ADH exerts its effects on the
- A.
Proximal convulated tubule
- B.
Afferent arteriole
- C.
Collecting duct
- D.
Renal pelvis
- 15.Which of the following is not "plumbing"?
- A.
Glomeruli
- B.
Ureters
- C.
Urinary bladder
- D.
Urethra
- 16.The detrusor muscle is located in the
- A.
Urethra
- B.
Renal pelvis
- C.
Urinary bladder
- D.
Glomeruli
- 17.The word voiding refers to
- A.
Urine formation
- B.
Catherization
- C.
Micturition
- D.
Cystitis
- 18.Which of the following words best describes the function of the urinary bladder?
- A.
Filtration
- B.
Storage
- C.
Reabsorption
- D.
Buffering of H+
- 19.This structure is located between the renal pelvis and the urinary bladder
- A.
Urethra
- B.
Trigone
- C.
Urinary meatus
- D.
Ureter
- 20.The urinary meatus is part of the
- A.
Ureter
- B.
Urinary bladder
- C.
Urethra
- D.
Collecting duct
- 21.The detrusor muscle is concerned with
- A.
Urine formation
- B.
Micturition
- C.
Sodium reabsorption
- D.
Potassium excretion
- 22.Kaliuresis refers to the renal excretion of
- A.
Sodium
- B.
Bicarbonate
- C.
Water
- D.
Potassium
- 23.Natriuresis refers to the renal excretion of
- A.
K+
- B.
Na+
- C.
Water
- D.
Bicarbonate
- 24.The renal excretion of Na+ is generally accompanied by the excretion of
- A.
Bocarbonate
- B.
Water
- C.
Albumin
- D.
Renin
- 25.The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) secretes
- A.
Aldosterone
- B.
ADH
- C.
Angotensin
- D.
Renin
- 26.Renin activates
- A.
Aldosterone
- B.
Converting enzyme
- C.
Agiotensinogen
- D.
Angiotensin II
- 27.Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
- A.
Reabsorbs K+ and eliminates Na+ in the urine
- B.
Causes albuminuria
- C.
Expands blood volume
- D.
Causes hematuria
- 28.Aldosterone
- A.
Depletes blood volume
- B.
Cuses potassium reabsorption
- C.
Causes sodium excretion
- D.
Causes Na+ and water reabsorption
- 29.The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) is located near the
- A.
Collecting duct
- B.
Afferent arteriole
- C.
Ureter
- D.
Renal pelvis
- 30.The internal and external sphincters are associated with (the)
- A.
Renal pelvis
- B.
Bowman's capsule
- C.
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
- D.
Urinary bladder
- 31.Which of the following is not located within the urinary bladder?
- A.
Trigone
- B.
Detrusor muscle
- C.
Internal spincter
- D.
Calyces
- 32.Which of the following should not be found in the glomerular filtrate?
- A.
Albumin
- B.
Sodium
- C.
Potassium
- D.
Water
- 33.Which of the following is most likely to cause polyuria?
- A.
Oversecretion of aldosterone
- B.
Decreased gloerular filtration rate (GFR)
- C.
Deficiency of ADH
- D.
Activation of angiotensinogen
- 34.Which of the following is not true of ADH?
- A.
Secreted by the posterior pituitary gland
- B.
Secreted in response to low blood volume and concentrated plasma (as in dehydration)
- C.
Causes renal excretion of sodium, potassium, and water
- D.
A deficiency causes diabetes insipidus
- 35.Which of the following is absorbed across the walls of the collectiong duct under he influence of ADH?
- A.
Potassium
- B.
Urea
- C.
Water
- D.
Albumin
- 36.Pyuria is indicative of
- A.
Infection
- B.
Glomerular damage
- C.
Deficiency of ADH
- D.
Excess secretion of aldosterone
- 37.This substance is filtered by the glomerulus and is excreted in the urine; there is minimal reabsorption
- A.
Albumin
- B.
Glucose
- C.
Sodium
- D.
Creatinine
- 38.Cystitis refers to inflammation of the
- A.
Kidneys
- B.
Meatus
- C.
Urinary bladder
- D.
Renal pelvis
- 39.Which of the following is found in the kidney?
- A.
Detrusor muscle
- B.
Trigone
- C.
Nephron units
- D.
Urethra
- 40.Bowman's capsule is part of the
- A.
Nephron unit
- B.
Renal pelvis
- C.
Collecting duct
- D.
Urinary bladder
- 41.What part of the nephron unit filters 180L of water per day?
- A.
Peritubular capillaries
- B.
Glomeruli
- C.
Calyces
- D.
Trigone
- 42.Creatinine is
- A.
Completely reabsorbed by the peritubular capillaries
- B.
A waste product that is filtered and not reabsorbed
- C.
A renal enzyme that activates angiotensinogen
- D.
A renal hormone that stimulates red blood cell production by the bone marrow
- 43.A diuretic
- A.
Cause the excretion of sodium and water in the urine
- B.
Causes hyperglycemia
- C.
Blocks the effects of PTH
- D.
Stimulates the reabsorption of sodium by the peritubular capillaries
- 44.Which of the following occurs at the distal convoluted tubule?
- A.
180L of water is filtered into the tubules
- B.
Renin is secreted
- C.
Urine flows from the distal convuluted tubule into the ascending loop of Henle
- D.
Sodium and water are reabsorbed
- 45.Which of the following terms refers to the voluntary expulsion of urine?
- A.
Polyuria
- B.
Diuresis
- C.
Micturition
- D.
Dialysis
- 46.With regard to reabsorption, which structure plays the most important role?
- A.
Glomeruli
- B.
Renal pelvis
- C.
Urinary bladder
- D.
Peritubular capillaries
- 47.ADH
- A.
Is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland
- B.
Is a mineralocorticoid that is secreted by the adrenal cortex
- C.
Stimulates the collecting duct to reabsorb water
- D.
Increases GFR
- 48.Low levels of oxygen stimulate the kidneys to secrete this hormone
- A.
Renin
- B.
Aldosterone
- C.
Erythropoietin
- D.
Converting enzyme
- 49.In the process of secretion, a substance moves from the peritubular capillaries into this structure
- A.
Glomeruli
- B.
Calyces
- C.
Renal pelvis
- D.
Tubules
- 50.Under normal conditions, this substance is present in the urine
- A.
Creatinine
- B.
Fibrinogen
- C.
Myosin
- D.
Albumin
- 51.Which condition is associated with proteinuria?
- A.
A bladder infection
- B.
Urethritis
- C.
Glomerular disease
- D.
Deficiency of ADH
- 52.Which of the following is caused by a deficiency of erythropoietin?
- A.
Oliguria
- B.
Anemia
- C.
Albuminuria
- D.
Cystitis
- 53.Which hormone affects blood volume?
- A.
PTH
- B.
Erythropoietin
- C.
Insulin
- D.
Aldosterone
- 54.Aldosterone
- A.
Is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland
- B.
Acts on the collecting duct blocking the reabsorption of water
- C.
Stimulates the reabsorption of water, but has no effect on potassium
- D.
Is a mineralocorticoid that stimulates the reabsorption of sodium
- 55.Which of the following is caused by prolonged hypotension?
- A.
Oliguria
- B.
Albuminuria
- C.
Cystitis
- D.
Glomerulonephritis
- 56.What is the meaning of an elevated serum creatinine?
- A.
The kidneys are making too much creatinine
- B.
Too much creatinine is being reabsorbed by the peritubular capillaries
- C.
The kidneys are not filtering creatinine; this is a sign of kidney failure
- D.
The kidneys are excreting too much urine
- 57.A drug is classified as a uretic. Most likely the drug
- A.
Decreases GFR
- B.
Blocks the tubular reabsorption of Na+
- C.
Activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
- D.
Causes the release of ADH
- 58.Which condition is characterized by hematuria and pyuria?
- A.
Renal failure
- B.
Diuresis
- C.
Urinary retention
- D.
Cystitis
- 59.Renal failure causes anemia because of
- A.
A lack of erythropoietin
- B.
Gross hematuria
- C.
Uremia-induced hemolysis
- D.
Uremia-induced hypokalemia
- 60.The urinary bladder
- A.
Contains only skeletal muscle
- B.
Recieves urine from two urethras
- C.
Causes diuresis in response to ADH deficiency
- D.
Causes micturition when the detrusor muscle contracts and the internal sphincter relaxes
- 61.When the arterial blood pressure declines to 70/50 mm Hg,
- A.
GFR decreases
- B.
Diuresis occurs
- C.
Aldosterone secretion decreases
- D.
ADH secretion diminishes
- 62.What happens at the glomerular membrane?
- A.
Water and dissolved solute are filtered into Bowman's capsule
- B.
The JGA cells release ADH
- C.
The JGA cells release aldosterone
- D.
Na+ is reabsorbed
- 63.The distal convoluted tubule
- A.
Receives urine from the collecting duct
- B.
Reabsorbs Na+ in response to aldosterone
- C.
Is the nephron structure that is primarily associated with filtration
- D.
Empties its urine into Bowman's capsule
- 64.A patient with stenosis (narrowing) of the renal artery is most likely to present with
- A.
Uremia
- B.
Hypertension
- C.
Albuminuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema
- D.
Glucosuria
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