Endocrine System Quiz Chapter 14

58 Questions | By Lerner99 | Last updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Total Attempts: 1720

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Hello and welcome to another wonderful quiz on the inner workings of the human body, where today we’ll be taking a look at the endocrine system – the system in the body whereby hormones are secreted into the circulatory system and used to regulate the function of certain organs. .

Questions and Answers

1.

Which of the following is least descriptive of the hypothalamus?
- A.
  
  Secretes releasing hormones
- B.
  
  Controls the secretion of the anterior pituitary gland
- C.
  
  Secretes ACTH, TSH, and gonadotropins
- D.
  
  Synthesizes oxytocin and ADH
2.

T₃, T₄, and calcitonin are
- A.
  
  Secreted by the thyroid gland.
- B.
  
  Secreted by the parathyroid glands.
- C.
  
  Secreted in response to declining plasma levels of calcium.
- D.
  
  Steroids.
3.

Insulin and glucagon
- A.
  
  Are secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans.
- B.
  
  Elevate blood glucose.
- C.
  
  Are secreted in response to declining plasma levels of glucose.
- D.
  
  Are secreted by the pancreas and are concerned with the regulation of blood glucose.
4.

The islets of Langerhans
- A.
  
  Are cells found in the adenohypophysis.
- B.
  
  Secrete insulin and glucagon.
- C.
  
  Secrete steroids.
- D.
  
  Secrete releasing hormones.
5.

Steroids
- A.
  
  Are secreted by the adrenal medulla.
- B.
  
  Include the glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens.
- C.
  
  Stimulate the membranes of the target cells to produce the second chemical messenger, cAMP.
- D.
  
  Are secreted by the pancreas.
6.

The adrenal medulla
- A.
  
  Is controlled primarily by ACTH.
- B.
  
  Secretes steroids.
- C.
  
  Is part of the “fight-or-flight” response.
- D.
  
  Secretes iodine-containing hormones.
7.

Iodine containing hormones
- A.
  
  Include thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- B.
  
  Are secreted by the hypothalamus as releasing hormones.
- C.
  
  Are steroids.
- D.
  
  Regulate metabolic rate.
8.

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin
- A.
  
  Are secreted by the neurohypophysis.
- B.
  
  Are mineralocorticoids.
- C.
  
  Are secreted by the islets of Langerhans.
- D.
  
  Stimulate the kidney to excrete Na+ and water.
9.

Portal capillaries carry releasing hormones from the brain to the
- A.
  
  Neurohypophysis.
- B.
  
  Pancreas.
- C.
  
  Anterior pituitary gland.
- D.
  
  Posterior pituitary gland.
10.

Which of the following is the response to low plasma levels of calcium?
- A.
  
  Secretion of calcitonin
- B.
  
  Secretion of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans
- C.
  
  Inhibition of the adenohypophyseal release of ACTH
- D.
  
  Secretion of PTH
11.

What is the stimulus for the release of insulin?
- A.
  
  Low plasma levels of calcium
- B.
  
  High plasma levels of potassium
- C.
  
  High plasma levels of glucose
- D.
  
  Low blood volume
12.

The adenohypophysis
- A.
  
  Secretes ADH and oxytocin
- B.
  
  Refers to the anterior pituitart gland
- C.
  
  Secretes releasing hormones
- D.
  
  Secretes glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids, and anrogens
13.

This gland secretes TSH, ACTH, and growth hormone.
- A.
  
  Neurohypophysis
- B.
  
  Pancreas
- C.
  
  Adrenal medulla
- D.
  
  Anterior pituitary gland
14.

The adrenal cortex
- A.
  
  Is the target gland of ACTH
- B.
  
  Secretes catecholamines
- C.
  
  Is an extension of the sympathetic nervous system
- D.
  
  Secretes ADH and oxytocin
15.

This gland is associated with "sugar, salt, and sex."
- A.
  
  Adrenal cortex
- B.
  
  Pancreas
- C.
  
  Parathyroid gland
- D.
  
  Neurohypophysis
16.

Which of the following is least associated with the adrenal medulla?
- A.
  
  Catecholamines
- B.
  
  Epinephrine and norepinephrine
- C.
  
  Fight or flight
- D.
  
  Sugar, salt, and sex
17.

Catecholamines
- A.
  
  Include cortisol, aldosterone, and testosterone
- B.
  
  Are secreted by the adrenal cortex
- C.
  
  Lower plasma glucose
- D.
  
  Include epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine
18.

Enlargement of the thyroid gland
- A.
  
  Is called a goiter
- B.
  
  Causes addisonian crisis
- C.
  
  Makes the person appear cuhingoid
- D.
  
  Causes hypocalcemic tetany
19.

"Sugar, salt, and sex" is descriptive of
- A.
  
  ACTH, TSH, somatotropic hormone
- B.
  
  Cortisol, aldosterone, testosterone
- C.
  
  Epinephrine, norepinephrine, estrogen
- D.
  
  Insulin, glucagon, cortisol
20.

Insulin, cortisol, thyroxine, and oxytocin
- A.
  
  Are hypothalamic releasing hormones
- B.
  
  Are secreted by the adenohypophysis
- C.
  
  Increase blood glucose
- D.
  
  Are hormones
21.

Lactogenic hormone
- A.
  
  Is also called oxytocin
- B.
  
  Is a gonadotropin
- C.
  
  Stimulates the mammary glands to make milk
- D.
  
  Exerts its greatest effect on the gonads
22.

Which of the following is not controlled by a hypothalamic-releasing hormone?
- A.
  
  ACTH
- B.
  
  ADH
- C.
  
  Growth hormone
- D.
  
  Prolactin
23.

Growth hormone
- A.
  
  Is secreted by the adenohypophysis
- B.
  
  Stimulates growth of the musculoskeletal system
- C.
  
  Is also called somatotropic hormone
- D.
  
  All of the above
24.

Estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone
- A.
  
  Are feminizing hormones
- B.
  
  Induce virilization
- C.
  
  Are secreted by the gonads
- D.
  
  Are secreted by the adenohypophysis
25.

Testosterone is best described as
- A.
  
  Virilizing
- B.
  
  Lactogenic
- C.
  
  Adenohypophyseal
- D.
  
  Pancreatic