Chapter 1 Cold Mountain Vocab Pretest

To estrange means to remove someone or something from their customary environment or association. It involves creating a sense of distance or alienation between individuals or things. In this context, the word "estranged" implies a state of being disconnected or separated from a familiar or expected setting. This word is the most fitting choice among the given options as it accurately captures the meaning of removing from customary environment or association.

The correct answer is "nib". A nib refers to the writing point of a pen. It is the metal tip that comes into contact with the paper when writing. The other options mentioned, such as shard, daugerreotype, and ramrod, are unrelated to the writing point of a pen and therefore, not the correct answer.

A ramrod is a long rod used to push the ammunition (charge) into the barrel of a muzzle-loading gun. It is inserted through the muzzle end of the gun and helps to pack the charge tightly, ensuring proper ignition and efficient firing of the gun. This term is commonly used in the context of historical firearms, where the ammunition had to be manually loaded before each shot.

The word "cleave" means to separate or cut with a tool, such as a knife. It is the correct answer because it matches the given definition. The other options, "beleave," "undeave," and "reprieve," do not have the same meaning as "cleave."

Retribution refers to the act of seeking revenge or punishment for a wrongdoing. It involves the idea of getting back at someone who has done something wrong or harmful. This could be through legal means, such as a court sentencing someone to prison for a crime they committed, or through personal actions seeking to harm or punish the wrongdoer. Retribution is a form of justice that aims to restore balance by ensuring that the person responsible for the wrongdoing faces consequences for their actions.

The term "mercantile" refers to something that is related to trade or traders. It is commonly used to describe activities, practices, or characteristics associated with commerce and business. In this context, "mercantile" can be seen as the most appropriate choice among the given options as it directly relates to the subject matter of trade and traders. The other options, such as "generalized," "storish," and "marketish," do not specifically convey the same meaning and are not commonly used in the context of trade or traders.

Diversion refers to a turning aside of attention. It is a noun that describes the act of distracting or redirecting someone's focus or attention away from something. In this context, the other words listed - pine, division, and determine - do not convey the same meaning as diversion. Therefore, diversion is the correct answer as it best aligns with the given definition of a turning aside of attention.

The term "attire" refers to clothing that is specifically chosen or worn for a particular occasion. It implies a distinctive style or dress code that is appropriate for the event or situation. The other options provided, "occasionals," "attritions," and "atumanals," do not accurately convey the meaning of clothing for a specific occasion. Therefore, the correct answer is "attire."

Lurid means causing shock or disgust, often due to explicit or sensational content. It is an appropriate word to describe something that is horrible in fierceness or savagery, as it conveys a sense of intense and disturbing imagery. The word "retribution" refers to punishment inflicted as a form of revenge or retaliation, "gabled" refers to a roof with a triangular end, and "detractable" is not a recognized word in the English language. Therefore, "lurid" is the correct answer in this context.

Symmetry refers to a balance among the parts of something. It is a property of an object or a system that exhibits a regular pattern or arrangement in which one side mirrors the other. This balance creates a sense of harmony and aesthetic appeal. In the context of the given options, "symmetry" is the only term that accurately describes the concept of balance among the parts. "Balanced" and "weighted" can also imply balance, but they do not specifically refer to the arrangement of parts. "Tentative" does not relate to balance at all.

Persistent means to continue firmly or obstinately in a course of action in spite of difficulty or opposition. It implies a determination to achieve a particular goal and not giving up easily. The other words in the list do not have the same meaning as persistent. "Bereave" means to be deprived of a loved one through a profound absence, especially due to death. "Persimmon" refers to a type of fruit. "Personnel" refers to the employees or staff of a company or organization.

The correct answer is scald. Scalding refers to the act of burning with hot liquid. It can cause painful injuries and leave scars. Therefore, scald is the most appropriate term that matches the given description.

Stupor refers to a state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility, where a person is barely responsive or unable to think clearly. The other words mentioned (marginal consciousness, studied, clefted, bristled) do not have the same meaning as stupor. Therefore, the correct answer is stupor.

A precipice refers to a very steep cliff, which is a sheer or almost vertical drop. This term accurately describes a dangerous and steep cliff, emphasizing the height and potential danger associated with it. Therefore, "precipice" is the correct answer in this context.

A bard is a type of lyric poet who is known for composing and reciting songs or poems that often have a musical quality to them. They are skilled in storytelling and often perform their works in front of an audience. The term "bard" has historical roots and is often associated with ancient Celtic cultures, where bards held a respected position in society.

The word "rousing" means capable of arousing enthusiasm or excitement. It is the best fit among the given options as it directly aligns with the definition provided. "Roustabout" refers to an unskilled laborer, "rigorous" means strict or demanding, and "ruination" refers to the act of destroying or ruining something. These options do not convey the same meaning as "capable of arousing enthusiasm or excitement," making "rousing" the correct answer.

The word "render" means to give or supply something. It can also refer to providing a service or performing an action. In this context, "render" is the most appropriate choice because it aligns with the meaning of "give or supply." The other options, such as "reengage," "return," and "gracious," do not convey the same idea of providing or supplying something.

A skirmish refers to a minor short-term fight or conflict. It typically involves a small number of participants and is often brief and spontaneous. This term accurately describes the given phrase "a minor short-term fight," making it the correct answer. The other options, precipice, recurrence, and fight turn, do not accurately capture the meaning of the phrase.

The correct answer is "sundry". Sundry means a collection or assortment of various types or kinds. In this context, the phrase "consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds" suggests that the items mentioned (sunday, sumter, sundish) are all different types or kinds, making "sundry" the appropriate choice as it captures the idea of a varied assortment.

The word "wan" means pale or sickly in appearance. This suggests that the person or thing described as "wan" lacks color and vitality, indicating a state of poor health or weakness. Therefore, the correct answer "wan" aligns with the given statement "become pale and sickly".

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A gable is a vertical triangular wall that is typically found between the sloping ends of a roof. It is a common architectural feature in many types of roofs, including traditional houses and buildings. The gable serves both functional and aesthetic purposes, providing structural support and adding visual interest to the roof design. It helps to shed water and snow from the roof and also allows for better ventilation. The term "gable" is often used to describe this specific feature of a roof.

The word "stout" means having a strong and sturdy build or physique. In the context of the given options, "stout" is the only word that relates to physical strength. "Brawl" refers to a fight, "taunt" means to provoke or mock someone, and "vivacious" means lively or energetic. Therefore, "stout" is the correct answer as it best aligns with the idea of rugged physical strength.

A daguerreotype is a photograph made by an early photographic process. It involves producing an image on a silver plate that is developed in mercury vapor. Therefore, the correct answer is daguerreotype.

Comely means attractive or pleasing in appearance. It is the correct answer because it best fits the given definition of "according with custom or propriety." When something is considered comely, it is in line with societal standards of attractiveness and is deemed appropriate or proper.