Chapter 1 & 2 Quiz

1. A recessive gene can only assert itself when:

Both genes in a pair are recessive.

It is a stronger gene.

The environment is right.

There is an interaction between nature and nurture.

Page(s): 58; a child would have to inherit the recessive gene from their mom and dad (two recessive genes) in order to exhibit the trait.

Explanation

Page(s): 58; a child would have to inherit the recessive gene from their mom and dad (two recessive genes) in order to exhibit the trait.

2. Development is multidimensional occurring in three distinct dimensions. These three dimensions include:

Cognitive, biological, and socioemotional.

Biological, social, and cognitive.

Socioemotional, cognitive, and cultural.

Social, emotional, and cultural.

see Page(s): 8

Explanation

see Page(s): 8

3. What does the traditional view of human development state about developmental change in adulthood?

There are few or no changes that occur during adulthood.

There are extreme changes that occur during adulthood.

There are constant changes that occur during adulthood.

There are more changes in earlier adulthood than in later adulthood.

Page(s): 8; traditionalist believe that there is a great deal of developmental change from birth to adolescence, with little or no change in adulthood, and decline in old age.

Explanation

Page(s): 8; traditionalist believe that there is a great deal of developmental change from birth to adolescence, with little or no change in adulthood, and decline in old age.

4. A life-span theorist believes that:

Developmental changes occur in the child and adolescent years of life.

The most important developmental changes occur during the first 10 years of life.

Developmental changes occur in the early, middle, and late years of life.

The most important developmental changes occur in the middle of life.

Page(s): 8; life-span approach emphasizes developmental change throughout adulthood and childhood.

Explanation

Page(s): 8; life-span approach emphasizes developmental change throughout adulthood and childhood.

5. By definition, evolutionary psychology emphasizes the importance of:

Unconscious behavior.

Repetitive behavior.

Motivated behavior.

Adaptive behavior.

Page(s): 53

Explanation

Page(s): 53

6. Which of the following statements about the activity of genes is NOT true?

Genes collaborate with each other.

A single gene is usually the source of an inherited trait.

Genetic expression is affected by environmental factors.

Events inside of the cell can excite or inhibit genetic expression.

Page(s): 56; genes do not act independently they work dependently

Explanation

Page(s): 56; genes do not act independently they work dependently

7. According to evolutionary theory, there is a specific reason that certain animals live in the regions that they do. Polar bears, for instance, are found only in the Arctic regions of the world. An evolutionary theorist would say that the polar bear was best adapted for this type of environment, unlike a grizzly bear, who would freeze to death. In this case, the polar bear is a good example of:

How to keep warm.

Adaptive coloration.

Natural selection.

The idea that all creatures have their own niche.

Page(s): 53; characteristics of a particular species changes to fit it's living environment and promote it's survival.

Explanation

Page(s): 53; characteristics of a particular species changes to fit it's living environment and promote it's survival.

8. Which characteristic best exemplifies the statement “individuals are changing beings in a changing world”?

Development is plastic.

Development is contextual.

Development is normative.

Development is multicultural.

Page(s): 9; all development occurs within a context or setting

Explanation

Page(s): 9; all development occurs within a context or setting

9. According to Baltes, the benefits conferred with evolution ________ with age.

Increase

Stay the same

Decrease

Increase and decrease

Page(s): 54; Baltes believed that the evolutionary benefits decrease as a species aged. This is due to the process of natural section with is tied to reproduction which decreases as a species, particularly humans, ages.

Explanation

Page(s): 54; Baltes believed that the evolutionary benefits decrease as a species aged. This is due to the process of natural section with is tied to reproduction which decreases as a species, particularly humans, ages.

10. Which of the following statements about sex-linked genes is NOT true?

Hemophilia is an example of an X-linked inherited disease.

Females with one changed copy of the X gene are carriers.

Females with one changed copy of the X gene may not show signs of the X-linked disease

Females are more likely than males to have an X-linked disease because they have two X

Page(s): 59; since females have two x chromosomes, it is possible that they could have one affect x chromosome and the other unaffected making them carriers. Males have one x and one y chromosome; therefore if their x chromosome is affected then they will show the disease. Males are therefore more affected by x-linked diseases.

Explanation

Page(s): 59; since females have two x chromosomes, it is possible that they could have one affect x chromosome and the other unaffected making them carriers. Males have one x and one y chromosome; therefore if their x chromosome is affected then they will show the disease. Males are therefore more affected by x-linked diseases.

11. Which type of influence is most likely to occur to people of a particular generation?

Nonnormative

Normative age-graded

Nonnormative age-graded

Normative history-graded

Page(s): 9; the definition is influences common to individuals of a particular generation because of historical circumstances

Explanation

Page(s): 9; the definition is influences common to individuals of a particular generation because of historical circumstances

12. Many older adults become wiser by being able to call on experience, yet they perform poorly on cognitive speed tests. This can be explained by which of the following life-span characteristics?

Plasticity

Contextualism

Multidimensionality

Multidirectionality

Page(s): 9; Multidirectional means that as one aspect of development capabilities spans another may shrink or become smaller

Explanation

Page(s): 9; Multidirectional means that as one aspect of development capabilities spans another may shrink or become smaller