Ch15 Aquatic Therapy In Rehabilitation

The buoyant force counteracts the force of gravity as it assists motion toward the water's surface and resists motion away from the surface. This force is exerted on objects submerged in a fluid and is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. It allows objects to float and determines whether they sink or float based on their density compared to the fluid.

The given list of symptoms and conditions all contribute to gait deviations. Slower movements, decreased range of motion, decreased strength, weightbearing restrictions, and decreased balance, proprioception, and coordination can all lead to abnormal walking patterns. Swelling or peripheral edema may also affect the way a person walks. Additionally, cardiovascular deconditioning or potential deconditioning due to inability to train can further impact gait. Overall, these factors can cause deviations from a normal gait pattern.

Weightbearing restrictions can partially or completely unweight the lower extremities, which means that the individual is not putting their full body weight on their legs. This can be done to regulate weight bearing progressions, especially in cases where there is swelling or peripheral edema, decreased range of motion, decreased strength, or difficulty or pain with land interventions. Weightbearing restrictions can also lead to cardiovascular deconditioning or potential deconditioning due to the inability to train, as well as gait deviations, decreased balance, proprioception, and coordination.

The Halliwick Method is frequently utilized with the pediatric population but portions of the technique can be utilized to improve and restore a patient's balance. This method is a water-based therapy approach that focuses on using specific movements and exercises to improve balance, coordination, and functional abilities. It involves a series of progressive activities in the water, allowing patients to experience buoyancy and support while performing exercises that challenge their balance and stability. By gradually increasing the difficulty of the exercises, the Halliwick Method helps patients develop better balance skills and regain their equilibrium.

The Bad Ragaz Ring Method is a therapeutic technique that utilizes the properties of water to provide dynamic environmental forces during activities. It focuses on muscle reduction, strengthening, spinal traction/elongation, relaxation, and tone inhibition. The properties of water, such as buoyancy, turbulence, hydrostatic pressure, and surface tension, contribute to the effectiveness of this method.

The given answer suggests that one of the reasons for the mentioned symptoms (decreased ROM, decreased strength, weightbearing restrictions, cardiovascular deconditioning, gait deviations, difficulty or pain with land interventions, decreased balance, proprioception, coordination) could be swelling or peripheral edema. Swelling or peripheral edema can lead to limited range of motion, decreased strength, and difficulty with weightbearing activities, which in turn can result in cardiovascular deconditioning and gait deviations. Additionally, the presence of edema can cause pain and discomfort during land-based interventions, leading to decreased balance, proprioception, and coordination.

Increased activity occuring around the patient and turbulence of the water will make walking a challenging activity.

Therefore by increasing the speed of movement two times, the resistance the object must overcome is increased four times.

The Burdenko Method is the correct answer because it is a comprehensive approach to dynamic healing that incorporates patterns of movements, injury assessment, and rehabilitation exercises. Unlike the other methods mentioned, the Burdenko Method specifically emphasizes the importance of performing exercises in a standing position, which helps to improve balance, coordination, and functional movement. This method is widely used in sports medicine and rehabilitation settings to enhance performance and aid in the recovery process.

Specific gravity refers to the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance, usually water. In this context, the specific gravity of the body affects its buoyancy in water. The head and chest, which have a lower specific gravity compared to the extremities, tend to float higher in the water. This is because the buoyant force exerted on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. Therefore, to compensate for this difference in buoyancy and prevent the extremities from sinking, floatation devices are necessary.

The given answer, "Decreased strength," is the most likely explanation for the listed symptoms and conditions. The progression from assisted to resisted to functional strength exercises suggests a gradual increase in exercise intensity, which can lead to improved strength. However, if there is a decrease in strength, it could be due to factors such as swelling/peripheral edema, decreased range of motion (ROM), weightbearing restrictions, or difficulty/pain with land interventions. These factors can limit the ability to perform exercises effectively and can result in decreased strength.

Cohesive force refers to the attractive force between molecules of the same substance. In the context of the given question, the cohesive force is responsible for the slight but easily overcome obstacle that runs parallel to the water surface. This could be referring to a thin layer of water molecules that stick together and create resistance or drag when moving through it.

Bow force refers to the force that is generated at the front of an object during movement. This force is caused by the object pushing through a fluid, such as air or water, and is commonly experienced by objects like ships or airplanes. The bow force helps to push the object forward and counteract the resistance of the fluid, allowing for smoother and more efficient movement.

The given answer, "Decreased ROM," is the correct answer because it is listed as one of the possible effects or symptoms of the earlier initiation of rehabilitation, controlled active movements. When rehabilitation is started early and controlled active movements are implemented, it can lead to a decrease in the range of motion (ROM) of the affected body part. This can be due to factors such as muscle tightness, scar tissue formation, or joint stiffness. Therefore, decreased ROM is a valid explanation for the given answer.

The given answer, "Decreased balance, proprioception, coordination," is the most appropriate explanation based on the information provided. When a person returns to function in a supported, forgiving environment with slower movements, they may experience a decrease in their balance, proprioception (awareness of body position), and coordination. This can be due to factors such as decreased strength, decreased range of motion, and swelling or peripheral edema. These factors can affect the person's ability to maintain their balance and coordinate their movements effectively.

The given answer, "Difficulty or pain with land interventions," can be explained by the various factors mentioned in the question. Increased support, decreased weight bearing, assistance due to buoyancy, and a more relaxed environment in water therapy can alleviate the discomfort or pain experienced during land interventions. Water therapy provides a low-impact environment that reduces stress on joints and muscles, making it easier for individuals with conditions such as swelling, decreased range of motion, decreased strength, weightbearing restrictions, gait deviations, and decreased balance, proprioception, and coordination to perform exercises without experiencing pain or difficulty.

The given correct answer suggests that the individual's cardiovascular system may experience deconditioning or potential deconditioning due to their inability to train. This can occur when there is a gradual increase in exercise intensity or when there is a need for an alternative training environment with lower weight bearing. The lack of exercise and physical activity can lead to a decrease in cardiovascular fitness and overall conditioning.

The answer includes a list of contraindications and precautions for a certain intervention or activity. These include untreated infectious disease (patient has a fever/temperature), open wounds or unhealed surgical incisions, contagious skin diseases, serious cardiac conditions, seizure disorders (uncontrolled), excessive fear of water, allergy to pool chemicals, vital capacity of 1 liter, uncontrolled high or low blood pressure, uncontrolled bowel or bladder incontinence, and menstruation without internal protection. These conditions and situations may pose risks or complications during the intervention or activity, and therefore should be taken into consideration and avoided.