Quiz for Ch 39 Antibiotics affecting the bacterial cell wallGSU Fall 2009
Most gram-negative bacteria infections
Gram-positive anaerobic infections
Gram-positive spirochete infections
Endocarditis prophylaxis
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PO
SC
IM
IV
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Check the CBC results
Determine if any previous reactions to antibiotics have occured
Ask the patient to void
Check the patient's pregnancy status
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Aminoglycosides
Cephalosporins
Erythromycins
Tetracyclines
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Gram-negative bacteria infections
Gram-positive anaerobic infections
Gram-positive spirochete infections
Endocarditis prophylaxis
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Gonorrhea
Streptococcus
Pseudomonas
Staphylococcus
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Change the protein binding sites
Increase the spectrum of activity
Target the enzyme that may decrease the efficacy of penicillin
Decrease the potential for adverse effects
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Has an increased spectrum of activity
May be used in penicillin-allergic patients
Has decreased potential for adverse effects
Has decreased potential for drug-drug interactions
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Meropenem has a narrow spectrum of activity, imipenem does not
Imipenem has a narrow spectrum of activity, meropenem does not
Meropenem is easily inactivated and must be administered with cilastatin
Imipenem is easily inactivated and must be administered with cilastatin
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Pharmacodynamics
Spectrum of activity
Emergence of drug resistance
Ability to induce allergic responses
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7-10 d
2-3 d
1-5 d
10-21 d
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Shortness of breath
Hives
Nausea and vomiting
Maculopapular rash
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STDs
UTIs
Serious systemic bacterial infections
Cellulitis
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Sinus tachycardia and hypotension
Ototoxicity and neurotoxicity
Hepatoxicity and neurotoxicity
Histamine release and phlebitis
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"Take the medication with food for best results"
"Although it is ordered 4 times a day, you can double the dose and take it twice a day"
"You can take it every other day if you experience GI distress"
"Take the medication 1 h before or 2 h after a meal"
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Pulmonary function
BUN and creatinine
ALT and AST
Urinalysis
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Wait at least 2 h between administration of these drugs
Wait 30 min between administration of these drugs
Administer each drug on an alternate day
Administer the 1st drug, flush the tubing, then administer the 2nd drug
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This is a possibility because they are two different types of penicillins
The patient should not take any form of drug with "cillin" in its name if he has an allergy to penecillin
As long as they are not taken together, it is alright for your patient to take either drug
You should substitute another type of antibiotic
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The patient has been taking some type of illicit drugs
An allergy to pencillin
A toxic response of penicillin
A procaine reaction
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Hang the cefazolin, and write a note in the progress notes
Hand the cefazolin
Hold the cefazolin, contact the HCP, and get an order for a new antibiotic
Hold the cefazolin and tell the next shift to discuss the test results with the physician when he or she makes rounds in the evening
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Allow the solution to warm for 15 min, then administer
Give the infusion now
Call the pharmacy and have a replacement sent
Warm the solution in the microwave, then administer
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30 min before the next infusion
20 min after the onset of infusion
1 h before next infusion
1 h after the completion of infusion
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Over 20 min
Over 60 min
Over 2-3 h
Within 10 min
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"Since your problem is in your GI system, giving the drug this way will have a localized action on the infection"
"Why don't you ask the doctor that question?"
"I'm sure your friend received a different drug"
"I have no idea"
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The drug with milk
The doses only during normal waking hours
IV forms directly from the refrigerator
The drug for at least 2 days after the patient feels better
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Wine
Potassium chloride elixirs (such as Kay Ciel)
Cough medicine
All of the above
None of the above
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IV push
Slow IV infusion
SC injection
PO
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Determine if a sputum culture and sensitivity has been obtained
Ask her if she has any drug allergies
Monitor her closely during drug administrations
All of the above
None of the above
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Administer the drug into the deltoid muscle
Keep the drug in the refrigerator until the time of administration
Locate anatomic landmarks to determine the injection site
All of the above
None of the above
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Hematocrit
APTT
BUN
Cafazolin blood levels
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The standard adult dose
More than the standard adult dose
Less than the standard adult dose
A different drug because daptomycin is not effective against VRE
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