Ch 39 Antibiotics Affecting The Bacterial Cell Wall

32 Questions | By Jmtruong1 | Updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Attempts: 276

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Quiz for Ch 39 Antibiotics affecting the bacterial cell wallGSU Fall 2009

Questions and Answers

1.

Which of the following classes of antibiotics is most likely to induce an allergic reaction?
- A.
  
  Aminoglycosides
- B.
  
  Macrolides
- C.
  
  Penicillins
- D.
  
  Cephalosporins
2.

Generally speaking, penicillin G in ineffective if the management of
- A.
  
  Most gram-negative bacteria infections
- B.
  
  Gram-positive anaerobic infections
- C.
  
  Gram-positive spirochete infections
- D.
  
  Endocarditis prophylaxis
3.

Which of the following routes is inappropriate for administration of penicillin?
- A.
  
  PO
- B.
  
  SC
- C.
  
  IM
- D.
  
  IV
4.

Before the administration of penicillin, it is important to
- A.
  
  Check the CBC results
- B.
  
  Determine if any previous reactions to antibiotics have occured
- C.
  
  Ask the patient to void
- D.
  
  Check the patient's pregnancy status
5.

Penicillin has a cross sensitivity to which of the following drug classes?
- A.
  
  Aminoglycosides
- B.
  
  Cephalosporins
- C.
  
  Erythromycins
- D.
  
  Tetracyclines
6.

In contrast to narrow-spectrum penicillins, aminopenicillins such as amoxicillin have increased effectiveness against
- A.
  
  Gram-negative bacteria infections
- B.
  
  Gram-positive anaerobic infections
- C.
  
  Gram-positive spirochete infections
- D.
  
  Endocarditis prophylaxis
7.

Extended-spectrum penicillins are extremely effective against
- A.
  
  Gonorrhea
- B.
  
  Streptococcus
- C.
  
  Pseudomonas
- D.
  
  Staphylococcus
8.

Beta-lactamase inhibitors are given in conjunction with penicillins to
- A.
  
  Change the protein binding sites
- B.
  
  Increase the spectrum of activity
- C.
  
  Target the enzyme that may decrease the efficacy of penicillin
- D.
  
  Decrease the potential for adverse effects
9.

A benefit of aztreonam therapy is that it
- A.
  
  Has an increased spectrum of activity
- B.
  
  May be used in penicillin-allergic patients
- C.
  
  Has decreased potential for adverse effects
- D.
  
  Has decreased potential for drug-drug interactions
10.

What is the difference between imipenem and meropenem?
- A.
  
  Meropenem has a narrow spectrum of activity, imipenem does not
- B.
  
  Imipenem has a narrow spectrum of activity, meropenem does not
- C.
  
  Meropenem is easily inactivated and must be administered with cilastatin
- D.
  
  Imipenem is easily inactivated and must be administered with cilastatin
11.

What is the major difference between the different "generations" of cephalosporin agents?
- A.
  
  Pharmacodynamics
- B.
  
  Spectrum of activity
- C.
  
  Emergence of drug resistance
- D.
  
  Ability to induce allergic responses
12.

Generally speaking, cephalosporin antibiotics should be taken for
- A.
  
  7-10 d
- B.
  
  2-3 d
- C.
  
  1-5 d
- D.
  
  10-21 d
13.

Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins frequently presents with
- A.
  
  Shortness of breath
- B.
  
  Hives
- C.
  
  Nausea and vomiting
- D.
  
  Maculopapular rash
14.

Vancomycin is used in the management of
- A.
  
  STDs
- B.
  
  UTIs
- C.
  
  Serious systemic bacterial infections
- D.
  
  Cellulitis
15.

The most serious adverse effect to vanomycin are
- A.
  
  Sinus tachycardia and hypotension
- B.
  
  Ototoxicity and neurotoxicity
- C.
  
  Hepatoxicity and neurotoxicity
- D.
  
  Histamine release and phlebitis
16.

Your patient is prescribed penicillin V for a dental infection. Which of the following instructions would you give?
- A.
  
  "Take the medication with food for best results"
- B.
  
  "Although it is ordered 4 times a day, you can double the dose and take it twice a day"
- C.
  
  "You can take it every other day if you experience GI distress"
- D.
  
  "Take the medication 1 h before or 2 h after a meal"
17.

Your 86 yo patient has pneumonia and is prescribed penicillin. She has a history of renal insufficiency. Which of the following lab tests should be done before initiating therapy?
- A.
  
  Pulmonary function
- B.
  
  BUN and creatinine
- C.
  
  ALT and AST
- D.
  
  Urinalysis
18.

Your patient is hospitalized with bacteremia. He is prescribed IV penicillin G and gentamicin. How would you administer these drugs?
- A.
  
  Wait at least 2 h between administration of these drugs
- B.
  
  Wait 30 min between administration of these drugs
- C.
  
  Administer each drug on an alternate day
- D.
  
  Administer the 1st drug, flush the tubing, then administer the 2nd drug
19.

Your patient comes to the clinic and receives a diagnosis of infection. When asked about allergies, the patient stated "I have an allergy to penicillin, but I can take ampicillin". With your knowledge about these drugs, you know that
- A.
  
  This is a possibility because they are two different types of penicillins
- B.
  
  The patient should not take any form of drug with "cillin" in its name if he has an allergy to penecillin
- C.
  
  As long as they are not taken together, it is alright for your patient to take either drug
- D.
  
  You should substitute another type of antibiotic
20.

Your patient has just received an injection of IM procaine penicillin. Within 30 seconds, the patient becomes confused and agitated and runs from the exam room. You suspect
- A.
  
  The patient has been taking some type of illicit drugs
- B.
  
  An allergy to pencillin
- C.
  
  A toxic response of penicillin
- D.
  
  A procaine reaction
21.

Your patient has been receiving IV cefazolin for the past 24 h, and the next dose is now due. You note that the culture and sensitivity test results indicate the infection is resistant to cephalosporins. You should
- A.
  
  Hang the cefazolin, and write a note in the progress notes
- B.
  
  Hand the cefazolin
- C.
  
  Hold the cefazolin, contact the HCP, and get an order for a new antibiotic
- D.
  
  Hold the cefazolin and tell the next shift to discuss the test results with the physician when he or she makes rounds in the evening
22.

Your patient has an order for IV cefazolin. As you take the medication out of the refrigerator, you note that the solution was reconstituted yesterday. You should
- A.
  
  Allow the solution to warm for 15 min, then administer
- B.
  
  Give the infusion now
- C.
  
  Call the pharmacy and have a replacement sent
- D.
  
  Warm the solution in the microwave, then administer
23.

Your patient is receiving IV vanomycin. To minimize adverse effects, the HCP has ordered peak-and-trough blood levels. When is the optimal time for you to obtain the peak blood level?
- A.
  
  30 min before the next infusion
- B.
  
  20 min after the onset of infusion
- C.
  
  1 h before next infusion
- D.
  
  1 h after the completion of infusion
24.

Your patient is scheduled to receive IV vanomycin. To safely administer this medication, you should infuse it
- A.
  
  Over 20 min
- B.
  
  Over 60 min
- C.
  
  Over 2-3 h
- D.
  
  Within 10 min
25.

Your patient with a GI infection is prescribed vancomycin PO. The patient states, "My friend had this drug, but she got it in her veins. Isn't that a better way to get it?" Your response?
- A.
  
  "Since your problem is in your GI system, giving the drug this way will have a localized action on the infection"
- B.
  
  "Why don't you ask the doctor that question?"
- C.
  
  "I'm sure your friend received a different drug"
- D.
  
  "I have no idea"