Cell Parts And Their Functions

Explanation
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in cells. They are small, spherical organelles found in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes read the genetic information encoded in DNA and use it to assemble amino acids into proteins. They are the site where translation occurs, converting the genetic code into functional proteins. Therefore, ribosomes are where proteins are made in cells.

Explanation
Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, a process that occurs in plant cells and converts light energy into chemical energy. They are found in the cytoplasm of plant cells and contain chlorophyll, a pigment that traps energy from light. This energy is then used to produce glucose and oxygen. Nuclear pores are small channels that allow molecules to move in and out of the nucleus, while centrioles are involved in cell division and are found in animal cells. Therefore, the correct answer is chloroplasts.

Explanation
The cell membrane is responsible for giving the cell its shape, holding the cytoplasm, and controlling what moves in and out of the cell. It acts as a barrier, allowing certain substances to enter or exit while preventing others from doing so. The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis and lipid metabolism, while the nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus and controls the movement of materials in and out of it. However, neither of these structures specifically perform the functions mentioned in the question. Therefore, the correct answer is the cell membrane.

Explanation
The endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for the transportation of materials within the cell. It is a network of membranes that extends from the nuclear membrane to the cell membrane. It plays a crucial role in protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, and the transport of molecules between different parts of the cell. Therefore, the endoplasmic reticulum is the correct answer as it is directly involved in the transportation system within the cell.

Explanation
The cytoplasm is a jelly-like material that fills the cell and is the site where most of the cell's chemical reactions occur. It contains various organelles, including mitochondria, which are responsible for energy production. The chromosomes, on the other hand, are located within the nucleus and contain the genetic material of the cell. Therefore, the correct answer is cytoplasm because it is where the majority of the cell's chemical reactions occur.

Explanation
The nuclear membrane encloses the nucleus and controls what enters and leaves the nucleus. It acts as a barrier, allowing only specific molecules to pass through the nuclear pores. This regulation is important for maintaining the integrity and functionality of the nucleus. The nuclear membrane also separates the genetic material within the nucleus from the rest of the cell, providing a protected environment for DNA replication, transcription, and other nuclear processes.

Explanation
Centrioles are cylindrical structures found only in animal cells. They play a crucial role in cell division by helping to organize and arrange chromosomes before the cell divides. They are responsible for forming the spindle fibers that attach to the chromosomes and pull them apart during cell division. Centrioles are not present in plant cells, making them unique to animal cells.

Explanation
The nucleolus is responsible for making ribosomes, which are cellular structures involved in protein synthesis. It is located within the nucleus of the cell. The nucleolus contains the genetic material necessary for ribosome assembly and is involved in the production and maturation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Therefore, the nucleolus is the correct answer as it plays a crucial role in ribosome formation and is found within the nucleus.

Explanation
The cell wall is a rigid structure that is found only in plant cells. It provides support and shape to the plant cell, helping it maintain its structure and prevent it from collapsing. The cell wall is composed of cellulose, a complex carbohydrate that gives it its strength and rigidity. It also acts as a protective barrier, preventing the entry of harmful substances into the cell. Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, while centrioles are found in animal cells and play a role in cell division.

Explanation
Lysosomes are organelles found in cells that contain enzymes responsible for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris. They function as the cell's recycling centers, digesting food particles, old organelles, and foreign substances. Lysosomes fuse with the material to be digested and release their enzymes, which break down the particles into smaller molecules that can be reused by the cell. Therefore, lysosomes are involved in the digestion of food particles with enzymes.

Explanation
Vacuoles are responsible for storing various substances such as food, water, minerals, and wastes within a cell. They act as storage compartments that help regulate the cell's internal environment and maintain its overall structure and function. By storing these substances, vacuoles contribute to the cell's ability to maintain homeostasis and perform necessary metabolic processes.

Explanation
Nuclear pores are responsible for controlling the passage of molecules in and out of the nucleus. These pores are large protein complexes that form channels in the nuclear envelope, allowing selective transport of molecules such as RNA and proteins. They play a crucial role in regulating gene expression and maintaining cellular homeostasis by ensuring the proper movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.

Explanation
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell because they produce energy in the form of ATP through a process called cellular respiration. They break down food molecules and convert them into usable energy for the cell. This energy is essential for various cellular activities and functions. The endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes have different roles within the cell, but they are not directly involved in the production of energy.

Explanation
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for secreting and storing secretions for transport out of the cell. It processes and packages proteins and lipids into vesicles, which are then transported to the cell membrane for secretion. This organelle plays a crucial role in the sorting, modification, and packaging of molecules for secretion or delivery to other organelles within the cell. The cytoplasm is the fluid-filled region within the cell where various cellular processes occur. Ribosomes, on the other hand, are responsible for protein synthesis and are not directly involved in the secretion and storage of secretions.

Explanation
Chromosomes determine what traits a living thing will have. They carry the genetic information in the form of DNA, which contains the instructions for the development and functioning of an organism. The genes present on the chromosomes determine various traits, such as physical characteristics, behavior, and susceptibility to certain diseases. Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of cells and are passed on from parents to offspring during reproduction. They play a crucial role in inheritance and the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next.