Cell Parts And Membrane Transport Quiz

2.

Which of the following cell structures assembles proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?

Golgi apparatus
Vacuole
Mitochondrion
Ribosome

Correct Answer

A. Ribosome

Explanation

Ribosomes are the cell structures that assemble proteins using coded instructions from the nucleus. They are responsible for protein synthesis, which is the process of building proteins from amino acids. Ribosomes can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and they can be free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. The coded instructions for protein synthesis are stored in the form of DNA in the nucleus, and they are transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. These mRNA molecules then travel to the ribosomes, where the actual process of protein synthesis takes place.

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3.

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from

An area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
An area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
An area of equilibrium to an area of high concentration
All of the above

Correct Answer

A. An area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Explanation

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This process occurs due to the random motion of molecules and aims to achieve a state of equilibrium where the concentration is equal throughout the system. Therefore, the correct answer is "an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration."

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4.

An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes

Water to move into the cell
Water to move out of the cell
Solutes to move into the cell
Solutes to move out of the cell

Correct Answer

A. Water to move into the cell

Explanation

When an animal cell is surrounded by fresh water, the concentration of solutes inside the cell is higher than outside. This creates a concentration gradient, causing water to move into the cell through osmosis. As water moves into the cell, the cell starts to swell and can eventually burst if the influx of water is not regulated. Therefore, the osmotic pressure causes water to move into the cell.

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5.

Active transport and passive transport differ in that active transport requires

Water
Carrier proteins
Energy
Concentrated solutes

Correct Answer

A. Energy

Explanation

Active transport and passive transport are two different mechanisms by which substances are transported across cell membranes. Passive transport does not require energy and occurs through diffusion or facilitated diffusion, where substances move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. On the other hand, active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. Therefore, the correct answer is energy, as active transport relies on the expenditure of energy to transport substances across the cell membrane.

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6.

The __________________ in a eukaryotic cell is responsible for processing, packaging, and "shipping" molecules.

Correct Answer
Golgi apparatus
Golgi bodies
golgi body
golgi apparatus
Golgi body

Explanation
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing, packaging, and "shipping" molecules in a eukaryotic cell. It receives molecules from the endoplasmic reticulum, modifies them, and then packages them into vesicles for transport to their final destination within or outside the cell. The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in the secretion of proteins, lipids, and other molecules, as well as in the formation of lysosomes. It consists of a series of flattened sacs called cisternae, which are stacked on top of each other.

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7.

Fungi cells are similar to plant cells in that they have a cell wall. However, plant cells have ____________ and fungi cells do not.

Correct Answer
chloroplasts
a chloroplast
plastids

Explanation
Fungi cells are similar to plant cells in that they both have a cell wall, which provides structural support and protection. However, plant cells have chloroplasts, which are specialized organelles responsible for photosynthesis, while fungi cells do not possess chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, the pigment that captures sunlight and converts it into energy for the plant. Since fungi are heterotrophic organisms that obtain nutrients by absorbing organic matter from their environment, they do not require chloroplasts for energy production. Therefore, the correct answer is chloroplasts.

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8.

The cell in the picture would

Shrink
Swell
Be isotonic
Be beast

Correct Answer

A. Swell

Explanation

Based on the information given, it can be inferred that the cell in the picture would swell. This can be deduced because the opposite of shrinking is swelling, and the other options (isotonic and beast) do not make sense in this context.

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9.

Which of the following best describes the structure of a cell membrane?

A triglyceride
A phospholipid bilayer
Globular glycoproteins
Beta pleated sheats
Alternatively stacked adenine triphosphate

Correct Answer

A. A phospholipid bilayer

Explanation

The cell membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer. Phospholipids have a hydrophilic (water-loving) head and a hydrophobic (water-fearing) tail. These phospholipids arrange themselves in a double layer, with the hydrophilic heads facing outward towards the watery environment both inside and outside the cell, and the hydrophobic tails facing inward, creating a barrier that separates the cell from its surroundings. This structure allows the cell membrane to selectively control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

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10.

Animal cells do not have

Lysosomes
Peroxomes
A cell wall
A cell membrane

Correct Answer

A. A cell wall

Explanation

Animal cells do not have a cell wall. Unlike plant cells, animal cells are surrounded by a flexible cell membrane that allows for movement and interaction with their environment. The absence of a cell wall in animal cells enables them to change shape, which is essential for functions such as cell division and the ability to engulf particles. The cell membrane also regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis.

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2

Cell Parts And Membrane Transport Quiz

Prokaryotic Cells lack

Quiz Preview

Which of the following cell structures assembles proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from

An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes

Active transport and passive transport differ in that active transport requires

The __________________ in a eukaryotic cell is responsible for processing, packaging, and "shipping" molecules.

Fungi cells are similar to plant cells in that they have a cell wall. However, plant cells have ____________ and fungi cells do not.

The cell in the picture would

Which of the following best describes the structure of a cell membrane?

Animal cells do not have