A Quiz On Cell Organelles

The organelle labelled A in the given options is mitochondria. Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles found in most eukaryotic cells. They are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used as a source of chemical energy. Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular respiration, converting nutrients into ATP through a series of metabolic reactions.

Lysosomes are responsible for containing enzymes for intracellular digestion. Lysosomes are organelles within cells that contain digestive enzymes, which help break down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign substances. These enzymes are important for maintaining cellular homeostasis and recycling nutrients.

Chromosomes are composed of DNA. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of all living organisms. It is organized into structures called chromosomes, which are located in the nucleus of cells. DNA is made up of nucleotides, which consist of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. These nucleotides are arranged in a specific sequence, forming the genetic code that determines an organism's traits and characteristics. Therefore, DNA is the correct answer for what chromosomes are composed of.

Protein synthesis occurs in the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum. This is because the Rough ER is studded with ribosomes, which are responsible for protein synthesis. These ribosomes attach to the Rough ER and help in the production of proteins. Once the proteins are synthesized, they are then transported to other parts of the cell or outside the cell for their respective functions. Therefore, the Rough ER is the correct location for protein synthesis.

The Golgi Apparatus is responsible for packaging and modifying molecules such as vesicles. It receives proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies them by adding sugars and other molecules. It then packages these modified molecules into vesicles and transports them to their final destinations within the cell or outside of the cell. The Golgi Apparatus plays a crucial role in the sorting, packaging, and distribution of molecules within the cell.

A vacuole is a membrane-bound sac that is responsible for storage, digestion, and waste removal within a cell. It acts as a storage compartment for various molecules, such as water, ions, and nutrients. Additionally, it aids in the digestion of macromolecules and the removal of waste materials from the cell. Vacuoles are found in both plant and animal cells, although they are typically larger and more prominent in plant cells. Therefore, the correct answer is vacuole.

Centrioles are the organelles involved in cell division. They play a crucial role in the formation of the mitotic spindle, which is responsible for separating the chromosomes during cell division. Centrioles are found in animal cells and are located near the nucleus. They help in organizing the microtubules and ensure the proper distribution of genetic material to the daughter cells. Therefore, centrioles are directly involved in the process of cell division.

The nucleolus is responsible for creating ribosomal subunits. It is a small, dense region within the nucleus of a cell. The nucleolus contains DNA, RNA, and proteins, which are involved in the synthesis and assembly of ribosomes. Ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis, and the nucleolus plays a crucial role in their production.

Ribosomes are small organelles found in all cells, including animal cells. They are responsible for protein synthesis, which is a vital process in all living organisms. Ribosomes can be found in the cytoplasm of the cell and on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. They are composed of RNA and proteins and are involved in the translation of genetic information from DNA to produce proteins. While ribosomes are present in all cells, they do not make up 25% of the cell's volume or mass, making this answer incorrect.

The correct answer is Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleus, and Mitochondria. These organelles are labeled because they are all distinct structures within a cell that perform specific functions. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for protein synthesis and processing. The nucleus contains the cell's DNA and controls its activities. The mitochondria produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration.