CCNA Security Part 2 Quiz

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When port security is enabled on a Cisco Catalyst switch and the maximum number of allowed MAC addresses is exceeded, the default action is to shut down the port. This means that any device connected to the port will lose network connectivity until the issue is resolved. Shutting down the port helps to prevent unauthorized devices from accessing the network and ensures network security.

The "no service password-recovery" command disables the ability to access ROMmon. ROMmon is a special mode in Cisco devices that allows users to recover passwords or perform other troubleshooting tasks. By disabling this command, users will no longer be able to access ROMmon, limiting their ability to recover passwords or perform any other tasks that require ROMmon access.

The message indicates that the configuration was changed from the console by a virtual terminal (vty0) with the IP address 10.64.2.2. This is a normal but significant event as it shows that a configuration change was made. It does not indicate any immediate action needed, warning conditions, or that the system is unusable. Therefore, the correct answer is that this is a notification message for a normal but significant condition.

After RSA keys are generated on a Cisco router, the generated keys can be used by SSH. This means that the router can now use the generated keys for secure device management using SSH.

After RSA keys are generated on a Cisco router, the generated keys can be used by SSH. This means that the SSH protocol can utilize the generated RSA keys for secure device management. The keys are used for authentication and encryption purposes, ensuring secure communication between the router and the management device.

The correct answer is remote-access IPsec VPN. This can be determined by analyzing the exhibit, which provides information about the VPN implementation. The term "remote-access" suggests that the VPN is used to connect remote users to a private network. Additionally, the exhibit does not mention any specific protocol like SSL or GRE, but it does mention IPsec, which is a commonly used protocol for secure remote access VPNs. Therefore, the correct answer is remote-access IPsec VPN.

The "login block-for" command helps prevent successive login Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. This command allows the system to block login attempts for a specified period of time after a certain number of failed login attempts have been made. This helps protect against brute-force attacks and limits the impact of DoS attacks by temporarily blocking the source of the attack.

Securing the Cisco IOS image using the Cisco IOS Resilient Configuration feature ensures that the image file is not visible in the output of the show flash command. This means that unauthorized users or attackers cannot easily access or tamper with the IOS image file. It adds an extra layer of security to protect the integrity and confidentiality of the IOS image.

If the traffic leaving interface serial 0/0/0 does not match the configured ACL statements, the resulting action is that the traffic is dropped. This means that the traffic will not be forwarded or routed to its destination, and it will be discarded or ignored by the device.

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When the "no service password-recovery" command is issued on an IOS device, it disables the ability to recover the device's password. This means that if the password is lost or forgotten, the only way to regain access to the device is by performing a recovery process that involves replacing the system flash with a new IOS image. This precaution is taken to ensure that unauthorized individuals cannot easily gain access to the device by recovering the password.

Switchport security is a mitigation technique that can help prevent MAC table overflow attacks. Switchport security allows the network administrator to limit the number of MAC addresses that can be learned on a switch port. By setting a maximum limit, the switch can prevent an attacker from flooding the switch with fake MAC addresses, which can lead to a MAC table overflow attack. This technique ensures that only authorized devices are allowed to connect to the network, reducing the risk of MAC table overflow attacks.

The logging function on router R1 is set at trap level 3. This is indicated by the command "logging trap errors" which sets the logging level to errors.

STP manipulation is the correct answer because it refers to the act of manipulating the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) to make a host appear as the root bridge for a LAN. By doing this, the host can gain control over the network and potentially intercept or manipulate network traffic. This type of Layer 2 attack can be used to bypass network security measures and gain unauthorized access to network resources.

A remote-access IPsec VPN allows mobile workers to securely access all of the client/server applications of the organization. This type of VPN creates a secure tunnel between the mobile worker's laptop and the organization's network, allowing them to securely access resources and applications. It provides encryption and authentication to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of the data being transmitted.

Authorization is the component of AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) that is used to determine which resources a user can access and which operations the user is allowed to perform. It involves granting or denying access rights to users based on their identity, roles, and privileges. Authorization ensures that only authorized users can access specific resources and perform certain actions, maintaining the security and integrity of the system.

Setting a security level of "auth" in SNMPv3 means that the packet will be authenticated using either the HMAC with MD5 method or the SHA method. This ensures that the packet is not tampered with during transmission and provides a level of security for the SNMP communication. The HMAC with MD5 and SHA methods are commonly used cryptographic algorithms for authentication in SNMPv3.

When configuring a zone-based policy firewall, a factor to be considered is that a zone must be configured with the zone security global command before it can be used in the zone-member security command. This means that before assigning interfaces to a specific zone, the zone itself must be defined using the zone security global command. Only then can the zone be used in the zone-member security command to assign interfaces to the zone.

The correct answer is "access-list 101 permit tcp 10.1.128.0 0.0.1.255 eq 4300 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.15 eq www". This statement allows TCP traffic from the source IP address 10.1.129.100 with a source port of 4300 to the destination IP address 192.168.30.10. The source IP address range is 10.1.128.0 to 10.1.129.255, and the destination IP address range is 192.168.30.0 to 192.168.30.15. The destination port is specified as www, which is port 80.

A Cisco Catalyst switch supports the use of SPAN (Switched Port Analyzer) to enable monitoring of malicious activity. SPAN allows the switch to copy network traffic from one or more ports and send it to another port for analysis. By configuring SPAN on a Cisco Catalyst switch, network administrators can monitor network traffic for any signs of malicious activity, such as unauthorized access attempts or suspicious behavior. This helps in detecting and responding to security threats in real-time, making the Cisco Catalyst switch an ideal device for monitoring and securing the network.

An access rule is created to govern the traffic that can enter and leave the network based on protocol and port number. This rule allows or denies access to specific network resources based on predefined conditions, such as the source and destination IP addresses, protocol type, and port number. It helps in controlling and managing network traffic by enforcing security policies and ensuring that only authorized traffic is allowed to pass through the network.

The privilege exec level 2 command is used to create a user account with custom access to most privileged EXEC commands. This command sets the privilege level for the user account to 2, which allows the user to access a wide range of commands and functions on the device.

When configuring a class map for zone-based policy firewall, if the match-all parameter is used, it means that traffic must match all of the match criteria specified in the statement. In other words, all the conditions mentioned in the class map must be met for the traffic to be considered a match.

The given commands configure NTP authentication on the router. The "ntp authenticate" command enables NTP authentication, while the "ntp authentication-key" command configures the authentication key with ID 42 and MD5 encryption. The "ntp trusted-key" command specifies the trusted key ID as 2. However, the exhibit does not show any NTP server configuration, so the router will not be able to authenticate with any NTP master. Therefore, authentication with the NTP master will fail, but R1 will still be able to get the time from the NTP master.

The correct answer is R1(config)# ip ips signature-category R1(config-ips-category)# category ios_ips basic R1(config-ips-category-action)# retired false. This answer is correct because it shows the correct command sequence to configure the IPS to compile a signature category named ios_ips into memory and use it to scan traffic.

The problem is that SDEE messages are not logging. To enable the logging of SDEE messages, the "ip ips notify sdee" command needs to be issued in global configuration. This command enables the router to send SDEE notifications to the configured IP address.

The feature of the TACACS+ protocol is that it encrypts the entire body of the packet for more secure communications. This means that the information being transmitted is protected and cannot be easily intercepted or accessed by unauthorized individuals. Encryption adds an extra layer of security to the protocol, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of the data being transmitted.

The correct answer is CBAC firewall. CBAC (Context-Based Access Control) firewall is a Cisco IOS security feature that allows the router to inspect and filter traffic based on application layer protocol sessions. It dynamically creates temporary access control entries (ACEs) to permit returning traffic for outbound sessions initiated from inside the network. This helps prevent unauthorized access and protects the network against certain types of attacks.

Synchronizing clocks on all network devices with a protocol such as Network Time Protocol is important when implementing syslog in a network because it ensures that the timestamps of log messages are accurate and consistent across all devices. This is crucial for troubleshooting and analyzing events in the network as it allows for accurate correlation of log entries from different devices.

The given correct answer states that on switch S1, storm control for broadcasts will be activated on port Fa0/5 if traffic exceeds 80.1 percent of the total bandwidth. Additionally, storm control for multicasts will be activated on port Fa0/6 if traffic exceeds 2,000,000 packets per second. This means that the switch has been configured to monitor the traffic on these specific ports and activate storm control measures if the defined thresholds are exceeded. Storm control helps prevent network congestion and performance issues by limiting the amount of broadcast and multicast traffic on the network.

The correct answer states that the ACL should be applied to all vty lines in the in direction to prevent an unwanted user from connecting to an unsecured port. This means that the ACL should be configured to control Telnet traffic that is destined to the router itself, specifically on the virtual terminal lines (vty lines). By applying the ACL in the in direction on all vty lines, any Telnet traffic coming into the router will be filtered and unwanted users will be prevented from accessing the router through an unsecured port.

The first command, "switchport mode access," is required to configure the port as an access port, which means it will only accept traffic from a single VLAN. This is necessary for port security to work properly.

The second command, "switchportport-security," is required to enable port security on the port. This command allows the switch to monitor the MAC addresses of devices connected to the port.

The third command, "switchportport-security mac-address sticky," is required to enable sticky MAC address learning on the port. This means that the switch will dynamically learn the MAC address of the first device connected to the port and only allow that MAC address to communicate through the port. If any other device with a different MAC address is connected, the port will be disabled.

These three commands together enable port security on the port, allowing it to dynamically learn a single MAC address and disable the port if any other MAC address is connected.

To configure SSH on a Cisco router, the following three commands are required:

1. "ip domain-name name" in global configuration mode: This command sets the domain name used for generating the RSA key for SSH encryption.

2. "transport input ssh" on a vty line: This command enables SSH as the transport protocol for remote management access.

3. "crypto key generate rsa" in global configuration mode: This command generates the RSA key pair used for SSH encryption.

The AAA configuration statements provide information about the authentication method list used for Telnet, which is named ACCESS. This suggests that when users attempt to access the router through Telnet, their authentication will be checked against the ACCESS method list.

The first limitation is that there is no access control to specific interfaces on a router, meaning that users with a certain privilege level have access to all interfaces on the router. The second limitation is that commands set on a higher privilege level are not available for lower privileged users, restricting their access to certain commands. The third limitation is that creating a user account that needs access to most but not all commands can be a tedious process, indicating that it is difficult to customize command authorization for specific users.

Based on the information provided in the exhibit, we can conclude that the IP address of the NTP server is 10.1.1.2 because it is entered in the corresponding field. Additionally, we can conclude that NTP messages will be sent and received on interface Serial0/0/0 for this router because the checkbox for that interface is checked.

Based on the provided IPS configuration, only the signatures in the ios_ips basic category will be compiled into memory and used by the IPS. This means that the IPS will only utilize the signatures that belong to the ios_ips basic category, while the signatures in other categories will not be used and will be retired.

The IPS on router R1 will only examine http traffic that is initiated from LAN 1. This means that any http traffic originating from LAN 1 will be inspected by the IPS for any potential threats or vulnerabilities. The IPS will not inspect any other types of traffic or traffic from other sources, such as LAN 2 or return traffic from the web server.

To configure SSH on a router using SDM, the first step is to generate the RSA keys by choosing Additional Tasks > Router Access > SSH. This step is necessary to enable secure communication between the router and the SSH client. The second step is to specify SSH as the input and output protocol for the VTY lines by choosing Additional Tasks > Router Access > VTY. This step ensures that SSH is used for remote management access to the router.

A stateful firewall is able to filter traffic based on the information in the TCP and UDP headers, which are part of Layer 4 of the OSI model. It can also filter based on the IP addresses, which are part of Layer 3. Layer 5, the session layer, is responsible for establishing, maintaining, and terminating connections between applications, so it is also possible for a stateful firewall to filter at this layer. Therefore, the correct answer is Layer 3, Layer 4, and Layer 5.

The Role-Based CLI Access feature offers three types of views for configuration: root view, superview, and CLI view. The root view provides full administrative access and control over the system. The superview allows for configuration and management of specific features and functions. The CLI view provides access to the command-line interface for executing commands and configuring the system. These three views offer different levels of access and control based on the user's role and responsibilities.

Network-based IPS can provide protection to hosts without the need of installing specialized software on each one. This means that network-based IPS can monitor and protect multiple hosts on a network without the need for individual installations on each host. This makes it more efficient and easier to manage, especially in large networks with numerous hosts. Host-based IPS, on the other hand, requires installation and configuration on each individual host, making it less scalable and more time-consuming to implement.

RADIUS is the correct answer because it implements authentication and authorization as one process. RADIUS combines the authentication and authorization steps, allowing for a streamlined and efficient process. This protocol is commonly used in network environments to control access to resources and ensure that individual users are authorized to issue specific commands.

SDM (Security Device Manager) is a Cisco tool used for managing security features on Cisco ISR routers. SDEE (Security Device Event Exchange) and SYSLOG are two protocols that allow SDM to gather IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) alerts from a Cisco ISR router. SDEE is a protocol that allows the exchange of security events between security devices, while SYSLOG is a standard protocol used for logging and transmitting event messages. By using these protocols, SDM can collect IPS alerts from the router and provide effective security management.

The command "show secure bootset" can be used to verify that the Cisco IOS image and configuration files have been properly backed up and secured. This command displays information about the bootset, which includes the location and status of the IOS image and configuration files. By checking this information, administrators can ensure that the files have been properly backed up and secured.

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The given exhibit indicates that the client is using the TACACS+ protocol for authentication. This can be inferred from the statement "The client is authenticating using the TACACS+ protocol." Therefore, the correct answer is that the client is authenticating using the TACACS+ protocol.

The use of 3DES within the IPsec framework is an example of the confidentiality building block of IPsec. 3DES is a symmetric encryption algorithm that provides confidentiality by encrypting the data being transmitted. IPsec uses various building blocks to ensure secure communication, and confidentiality is one of them. By using 3DES, IPsec ensures that the data is protected from unauthorized access and can only be decrypted by the intended recipient.

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