A Unique Quiz On Byzantine Architecture

The correct answer is the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople. It is considered the most important mosque in Constantinople and is known for its 107 multi-colored columns and architectural design. The other options mentioned, such as the San Vitale in Ravenna and the San Mark in Venice, are also famous churches, but they are not as significant or well-known as the Hagia Sophia. The "little metropole" in Athens is not relevant to the question.

Constantine renamed the city from its original name to Constantinople, which is now known as Istanbul. It was also referred to as "New Rome". Byzantine architecture developed in the 4th century and was influenced by early Christian and late Roman architectural styles.

Justinian is the correct answer because he was responsible for building the St. Sophia, also known as the Hagia Sophia, which was initially a Christian cathedral and later converted into a mosque. Justinian was a Byzantine emperor who ruled from 527 to 565 AD and is known for his ambitious building projects, including the construction of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople (now Istanbul). The Hagia Sophia is considered a masterpiece of Byzantine architecture and is an important cultural and historical landmark.

Pendendtives are architectural features that are used to support large domes and cover polygonal and square plans for churches and baptisteries. They are curved triangular elements that connect the dome to the supporting structure, allowing for a smooth transition between the dome and the square or polygonal base. This architectural technique has been used throughout history to create grand and impressive structures with large domes.

The correct answer is "the little metropolis, Athens." This is because the question is asking for the smallest building in the world called a "cathedral." Out of the options given, the little metropolis in Athens is the smallest building referred to as a cathedral. The other options mentioned, such as Hagia Sophia in Constantinople, San Vitale in Ravenna, and St. Mark's in Venice, are not specifically referred to as cathedrals.

The term "architectural character" refers to the distinctive features and qualities that define the design and style of a building. In this context, the use of "marble" as an internal treatment suggests a sense of luxury, opulence, and elegance. Marble is often associated with high-end and prestigious buildings, symbolizing wealth and sophistication. Therefore, the term "richness" accurately describes the architectural character that is conveyed through the use of marble in the internal treatment of a building.

The term "iconoclastic" refers to the act of destroying or opposing religious or cultural icons. An iconoclastic movement, therefore, would be a collective effort or campaign to destroy or remove statues that represent human or animal forms. This movement likely emerged as a result of religious or cultural beliefs that deemed such representations as inappropriate or idolatrous. The term "iconoclastic power" does not accurately capture the idea of a collective movement, while "iconoclastic law" and "iconoclastic measure" suggest a more formal or legal approach, which may not necessarily be the case in this context. Therefore, "iconoclastic movement" is the most suitable option.

S. Vitale in Ravenna was founded by Justinian to commemorate the recovery of Ravenna. This suggests that the church holds historical and cultural significance in relation to Ravenna's past. The other options, such as S. Sophia in Constantinople, S. Mark in Venice, and the Little Metropole in Athens, do not have any connection to the recovery of Ravenna.

During the Byzantine era, three types of domes were developed. The compound dome is one of them. Unlike the common and simple domes, the compound dome is not a part of the structure but rises independently above it. It is characterized by its complex design and multiple layers, which give it a unique and intricate appearance. The compound dome is often used in Byzantine architecture to create grand and impressive structures.

The melon-shaped dome is one of the three types of domes developed in the Byzantine era. Unlike the other types, it consists of curved flutings that eliminate the need for pendentives. This design innovation allows for a more efficient and visually appealing dome structure. The melon-shaped dome is characterized by its unique shape, resembling that of a melon, which adds to its aesthetic appeal.

The given question states that the ornaments mentioned were religious in character. The symbol of eternity is commonly represented by an endless knot, which is a symbol that has no beginning or end. It signifies the infinite nature of time, life, and the interconnectedness of all things. Therefore, the answer "endless knot" aligns with the religious and eternal nature of the ornaments mentioned in the question.

The correct answer is "s. mark venice". This is because the description mentions a Greek cross in plan with an "ogee arch" by architect Cancelli, and it lists various locations. Out of the given options, only St. Mark's in Venice matches this description.

A dosseret block is a decorative element that is often found at the top of a column capital in Byzantine architecture. It serves as a transition between the column and the arch or lintel above it. The deep abacus refers to the flat slab on top of the column capital, while opus sectile and opus alexandria are techniques used in mosaic art. Pendentive, on the other hand, is a curved triangular support used in dome construction. Therefore, the correct answer, dosseret block, is the only option that accurately describes a component of a column capital.

The fall of the Roman Empire can be attributed to a combination of factors, including the ways of life and corruption. The Roman society became decadent and indulgent, with a decline in moral values and discipline. Corruption was rampant among the political and administrative class, leading to a loss of trust and effectiveness in governance. These factors weakened the empire from within, making it vulnerable to external threats and ultimately contributing to its downfall.

Theodosius II is the correct answer because he built several military gates and towers as a defense against the Goths and Huns. However, these defenses were not able to prevent the invasion of the Islamic people.

The given answer states that the correct type of dome developed in the Byzantine era is the simple dome. This suggests that among the three types of domes mentioned (common dome, compound dome, and simple dome), the simple dome is the one that was developed during this era. The answer implies that the dome and pendentives were part of the same sphere, indicating a connection between the dome and the supporting elements.

The use of clay and rubble in the external design of a building suggests simplicity. Clay and rubble are natural, readily available materials that can be easily shaped and used in construction. The use of these materials implies a straightforward and uncomplicated approach to design, focusing on functionality rather than ornate decoration. Additionally, simplicity in design often emphasizes clean lines and minimalistic aesthetics, which can be achieved through the use of clay and rubble.

The peacock is often seen as a symbol of eternal life in various religious and cultural traditions. Its vibrant and colorful feathers represent immortality, while its ability to shed and regrow them symbolizes rebirth and renewal. In Hinduism, the peacock is associated with the goddess Saraswati and is considered a sacred bird. In Christianity, the peacock is believed to represent resurrection and immortality. Therefore, considering that the ornaments mentioned in the question are religious in character, it is likely that the correct answer is peacock, as it aligns with the symbolism of eternal life.

The correct answer is "flat roof." A flat roof was used and combined with domes to counter-act the new empire. This suggests that the new empire possibly favored domes, but also incorporated flat roofs as a way to balance or contrast the architectural style. The use of flat roofs alongside domes could have provided a visual and structural balance to the buildings, creating a harmonious architectural design.