A Quiz On Building Utilities 09 For Pros

A counterweight is a weight, typically made of iron or sand, that is used to balance suspended scenery or other objects in a theater stage house. By attaching the counterweight to the opposite end of the suspended object, it helps to counterbalance the weight and ensure stability. This allows for smooth and controlled movement of the scenery or objects during performances, preventing them from falling or swinging uncontrollably.

The minimum distance of a water supply well from a septic tank is an important consideration to prevent contamination of the water supply. The correct answer of 15.20 mts suggests that this is the recommended distance to ensure that any potential septic tank leaks or seepage do not contaminate the water supply. This distance allows for a sufficient buffer zone to protect the quality and safety of the water source.

The minimum width of a septic tank is determined by the need for adequate space for the wastewater to flow and settle. A width of 90 cms is considered sufficient to accommodate the necessary volume of wastewater while allowing for proper settling and treatment. A narrower tank may not provide enough space for the wastewater to flow through and settle, potentially leading to issues with the functioning and efficiency of the septic system.

Latent heat refers to the amount of heat absorbed or evolved when a substance undergoes a change in state (such as from solid to liquid or liquid to gas) without changing its temperature. This heat energy is used to break or form intermolecular bonds, resulting in a change in the substance's physical state.

A governor is a device consisting of a flyball or flyweight mechanism that is designed to stop an elevator. It is an essential safety feature in elevators as it controls the speed of the elevator car and prevents it from exceeding a certain limit. The governor detects the speed of the elevator and if it goes beyond the set limit, it activates the braking system to stop the elevator. This ensures the safety of passengers and prevents accidents or mishaps due to excessive speed.

The correct answer is "Winding-Drum Machine". This is because the given description clearly states that the gear-driven machine in elevators has a drum to which the wire ropes that hoist the car are fastened and on which they wind. Therefore, the term "Winding-Drum Machine" accurately describes this component of elevators.

The minimum dimension of a manhole access to a septic tank is 508 mm. This size is necessary to allow a person to safely enter and exit the septic tank for maintenance and cleaning purposes. A smaller dimension may not provide enough space for a person to fit through, while a larger dimension may make it difficult to secure the manhole cover properly. Therefore, 508 mm is the correct answer as it meets the necessary requirements for access to a septic tank.

Porous absorbents are the best type of sound absorbents for lower band frequencies. This is because they have the ability to absorb sound waves effectively due to their porous structure. The pores in the material trap and dissipate the sound energy, reducing the reflection and reverberation of the lower frequency sounds. Plastic absorbents and fiberglass insulation may also have some sound absorption properties, but they are not as effective as porous absorbents in absorbing lower band frequencies. Air vacuum, on the other hand, does not have any sound absorption properties and therefore is not suitable for lower band frequencies.

At the base of a soil stack, a combination of a wye fitting and a 1/8 bend fitting is installed. The wye fitting is used to connect horizontal waste pipes to the vertical soil stack, allowing for proper drainage. The 1/8 bend fitting is used to change the direction of the pipe by 45 degrees, ensuring that the waste flows smoothly and efficiently through the stack. This combination of fittings is commonly used in plumbing systems to facilitate the proper flow of waste water.

The minimum length of a septic tank is 1.50 meters. This length is necessary to ensure that the tank has enough capacity to effectively treat and store wastewater. A longer tank allows for more settling and separation of solids, which helps to prevent clogging and maintain the overall functionality of the septic system.

The minimum extension of the VSTR above the roof is 15 cms. This means that the VSTR should extend at least 15 cms above the roof surface.

The correct answer is "Infra Red." Infra Red flame detectors use infrared radiation to detect flames. They work by sensing the heat emitted by a flame and can detect different types of flames, including those that may not emit ultraviolet radiation. Infra Red detectors are commonly used in industrial settings and are effective in detecting flames from a distance.

The minimum length of the secondary compartment of a septic tank with a capacity of more than 6 cubic meters is 1.50 meters. This length is determined based on the required volume needed for proper treatment and settling of the wastewater. A longer compartment allows for more retention time, ensuring better separation of solids and liquids.

The maximum length of the tailpiece from any fixture is 60 cms. This means that the tailpiece, which is the pipe that connects the fixture to the drain, can extend up to 60 cms in length. It cannot exceed this measurement.

Refraction is the correct answer because it refers to the bending of a sound wave when it passes through different densities. When sound waves travel through mediums of different densities, such as air to water or air to a solid object, they change direction due to the change in speed. This change in direction is known as refraction. Therefore, refraction is the most appropriate term to describe the phenomenon of sound wave bending when traveling forward through different densities.

Single lever valves used in kitchen sink and lavatory faucets or at shower valves work by the principle of a ball valve. In a ball valve, a hollow, perforated ball is used to control the flow of water. When the lever is moved, the ball rotates to either allow or block the flow of water. This design allows for easy and precise control of water flow and temperature.

The minimum distance of a water supply well from a seepage pit or cesspool is 45.70 meters. This distance is necessary to prevent contamination of the water supply by any potential pollutants or pathogens that may be present in the seepage pit or cesspool. By maintaining this distance, the risk of contamination is minimized, ensuring the safety and quality of the water supply.

The minimum extension of the VSTR (Vertical Surface Temperature Reduction) above an openable window, door opening, air intake, or vent shaft is 0.90 meters. This means that the VSTR should extend at least 0.90 meters above these openings to effectively reduce the surface temperature.

The minimum trap diameter for a bathtub should be 38 mm. This is because a trap is a U-shaped pipe that prevents sewer gases from entering the bathroom. The diameter of the trap needs to be large enough to allow water to flow freely and prevent clogging, but not too large that it causes excessive water loss. A diameter of 38 mm strikes the right balance between these two factors, making it the correct answer.

The minimum capacity of the secondary compartment of a septic tank is 1.50 cubic meters. This is the amount of space required to effectively store and treat wastewater in a septic tank system. It is important to have a sufficient capacity to ensure proper functioning and avoid overflow or backup of sewage.

The minimum height of a water seal for each fixture trap is 51 mm. This is because a water seal is necessary to prevent sewer gases from entering the building through the plumbing system. A higher water seal height ensures better protection against these gases. The other options (19 mm, 25 mm, and 32 mm) do not provide the same level of protection and may allow gases to escape into the building. Therefore, 51 mm is the correct answer for the minimum height of a water seal.

The minimum distance of a water supply well from a disposal field is 30.50 meters. This distance is important to ensure that the water supply is not contaminated by any waste or pollutants from the disposal field. Having a sufficient distance between the well and the disposal field helps to protect the quality and safety of the water source.

The minimum gauge of galvanized sheet used for downspouts is 26. Gauge refers to the thickness of the sheet, with a lower gauge indicating a thicker sheet. In this case, a 26-gauge sheet is the thinnest option available for downspouts.

The maximum height of a water seal for each fixture trap is 102 mm. This means that the water seal in the trap should not exceed this height in order to effectively prevent sewer gases from entering the building. A water seal is a barrier of water that prevents the passage of gases from the drainage system into the living or working space. In this case, the maximum height of 102 mm ensures that there is an adequate barrier to protect against sewer gases while still allowing for proper drainage.

The minimum trap diameter for a shower stall is 51 mm. This is because a larger trap diameter would allow for better drainage and prevent clogs in the plumbing system. A smaller trap diameter would not be sufficient to handle the amount of water and waste that goes down the drain in a shower stall. Therefore, 51 mm is the appropriate size for the trap diameter in a shower stall.

Limit controls and interlocks are designed to ensure that a boiler operates within safe operating conditions. They are set to specific limits, such as maximum pressure or temperature, and if these limits are exceeded, the limit controls and interlocks will shut down the boiler or activate safety measures to prevent any damage or accidents. Therefore, they function only when the boiler exceeds the prescribed unsafe operating conditions, making them the correct answer.

The minimum liquid depth for a septic tank is 60 cms. This depth is necessary to ensure proper functioning of the tank and to allow for adequate separation and settling of solids. A depth of 60 cms allows for sufficient retention time for the wastewater to undergo the necessary biological and chemical processes before being discharged. A shallower depth may result in incomplete treatment of the wastewater and potential issues with odor, clogging, and system failure.

The guiderails are vertical tracks that serve as a guide for the car and the counterweight in a winding-drum machine. They ensure that the car and counterweight move smoothly and in a controlled manner along the vertical axis of the elevator shaft. Without the guiderails, the car and counterweight would not have a stable path to follow, which could result in accidents or malfunctioning of the elevator system.