Brain And Behavior- Reproductive Behavior
Quiz to test your knowledge or reproductive behavior
- 1.
Which of the following biological factors determines the genetic sex of a fetus?
- A.
The gonads of the fetus
- B.
A single gene on the X chromosome
- C.
The hormones produced by the pituitary during fetal development
- D.
The father's sperm
- E.
The phase of the menstrual cycle during which fertilization occurs
Correct Answer
D. The father's spermExplanation
The genetic sex of a fetus is determined by the father's sperm. Sperm carry either an X or Y chromosome, while eggs always carry an X chromosome. If a sperm carrying an X chromosome fertilizes the egg, the fetus will be female (XX). If a sperm carrying a Y chromosome fertilizes the egg, the fetus will be male (XY). Therefore, the father's sperm determines the genetic sex of the fetus.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The protein that dictates the conversion of the undifferentiated gonads into the testes is controlled by the
- A.
Gene Tny
- B.
Leptin protein
- C.
Ob/ob gene
- D.
Gene Sry
- E.
X chromosome
Correct Answer
D. Gene SryExplanation
The gene Sry is responsible for dictating the conversion of undifferentiated gonads into testes. This gene plays a crucial role in determining the development of male sexual characteristics. It is located on the Y chromosome and is activated during embryonic development. The presence of the Sry gene triggers a cascade of events that lead to the development of testes and the production of male hormones. Without the Sry gene, the undifferentiated gonads would develop into ovaries instead.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The difference between an organizational hormone effect and an activational hormone effect is that
- A.
The organizational effects occur only in the brain
- B.
Organizational effects are permanent
- C.
Organizational effects only occur during adulthood
- D.
Activational effects are mediated by receptors, whereas organizational effects are due to changes in neurotransmitter secretion
- E.
Activational effects are permanent
Correct Answer
B. Organizational effects are permanentExplanation
The difference between an organizational hormone effect and an activational hormone effect is that organizational effects are permanent. This means that once the organizational effects occur, they are long-lasting and cannot be reversed. On the other hand, activational effects are not permanent and can be temporary, as they are mediated by receptors and can be influenced by various factors. Therefore, the key distinction lies in the permanence of the effects.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The prenatal development of the internal reproductive structures of the male requires
- A.
Suppression of the Mullerian system by anti-Mullerian hormone
- B.
Secretion of estradiol by the pituitary
- C.
Secretion of progesterone
- D.
Secretion of androgens
- E.
Both A and D are correct
Correct Answer
E. Both A and D are correctExplanation
During prenatal development, the internal reproductive structures of the male require the suppression of the Mullerian system by anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and the secretion of androgens. Anti-Mullerian hormone prevents the development of female reproductive structures, while androgens, such as testosterone, promote the development of male reproductive structures. Therefore, both A (suppression of the Mullerian system by AMH) and D (secretion of androgens) are correct in explaining the prenatal development of the internal reproductive structures of the male.Rate this question:
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- 5.
All of the following are characteristics of untreated androgen insensitivity syndrome EXCEPT
- A.
All female external genitals
- B.
Testes
- C.
Breast growth and development
- D.
Female internal genitals
- E.
The inability to have children
Correct Answer
D. Female internal genitalsExplanation
Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is a condition where individuals with XY chromosomes have a reduced ability to respond to male sex hormones. This leads to a range of physical characteristics that differ from typical males. Untreated AIS individuals typically have female external genitals, breast growth and development, and the inability to have children due to the absence of a uterus and fallopian tubes. However, they do not have female internal genitals, as AIS prevents the development of a uterus and fallopian tubes.Rate this question:
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- 6.
In which disorder would you expect to observe testes as well as the external genitals of a female?
- A.
Persistent Mullerian Duct syndrome
- B.
Turner's syndrome
- C.
Sry syndrome
- D.
Adrenogenital syndrome
- E.
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Correct Answer
E. Androgen insensitivity syndromeExplanation
Androgen insensitivity syndrome is a disorder where individuals with XY chromosomes have impaired response to male sex hormones (androgens). This results in the development of female external genitals despite having testes. The testes are present but are not able to fully masculinize the external genitalia, leading to the appearance of female external genitalia. This condition is caused by mutations in the androgen receptor gene, which prevents the normal development of male sexual characteristics.Rate this question:
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- 7.
An example of a primary sex characteristic is ________ , while ________ is an example of a secondary sex characteristic.
- A.
Estrogen; the external genitals
- B.
Wide hips; internal sex organs
- C.
Deep voice; the gonads
- D.
The gonads; enlarged breasts
- E.
The beard; the external genitals
Correct Answer
D. The gonads; enlarged breastsExplanation
Primary sex characteristics are the physical features that are directly involved in reproduction, such as the gonads (testes in males and ovaries in females). Enlarged breasts are an example of secondary sex characteristics, which are physical features that develop during puberty but are not directly involved in reproduction.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Lordosis would be an example of ________ in the female rat.
- A.
Receptivity
- B.
Attractivity
- C.
Proceptivity
- D.
Perceptivity
- E.
Reactivity
Correct Answer
A. ReceptivityExplanation
Lordosis is a mating behavior in female rats where they arch their back and lift their hindquarters to facilitate copulation. This behavior is a clear example of receptivity, as it demonstrates the female rat's willingness and readiness to engage in sexual activity.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A male rat is castrated immediately after birth and then given injections of estradiol and progesterone in adulthood. This male rat would be expected to
- A.
Exhibit enhanced inter-male aggression
- B.
Attempt to copulate with a female in heat
- C.
Show lordosis in response to another male
- D.
Attempt to copulate with a non-estrous female
- E.
Show maternal aggression
Correct Answer
C. Show lordosis in response to another maleExplanation
Castration in male rats eliminates the production of testosterone, which is responsible for male sexual behaviors. However, when male rats are given injections of estradiol and progesterone, which are female sex hormones, they can exhibit female sexual behaviors. One such behavior is lordosis, which is the arched-back, receptive posture displayed by female rats during mating. Therefore, it is expected that the male rat, in this case, would show lordosis in response to another male, as it has been feminized by the hormone injections.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Menstruation is triggered by
- A.
Reduced secretion of estradiol and progesterone from the corpus luteum
- B.
A surge of androgens from the adrenal cortex
- C.
Implantation of a fertilized ovum in the uterus
- D.
a surge of estrogens from the adrenal cortex
- E.
Increased secretion of estrogen and progesterone from the corpus luteum
Correct Answer
A. Reduced secretion of estradiol and progesterone from the corpus luteumExplanation
Menstruation is triggered by the reduced secretion of estradiol and progesterone from the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum is a temporary structure that forms in the ovary after ovulation and secretes hormones to prepare the uterus for pregnancy. If fertilization and implantation of a fertilized ovum do not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, leading to a decrease in estradiol and progesterone levels. This decrease in hormone levels causes the lining of the uterus to shed, resulting in menstruation.Rate this question:
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Mar 31, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 11, 2009Quiz Created by
Brain And Behavi
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