Book Club Quiz 3 Chap 11-12-PCT Presentation/Webinars
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Chapter 1-4. Sepsis Handbook
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is the SIRS Criteria. Check all that apply
- A.
Edema
- B.
Temperature >100.4 degrees Fahrenheit < 96.8 degrees Fahrenheit
- C.
Blood Glucose > 150 mb/ml in absence of diabeties
- D.
HR - > 90bmp
- E.
Respirtory rate > 20 breaths/min
- F.
PaCO2 < 32 mm Hg
- G.
WBC . >12,000/mm3 or > 10% immature bands
- H.
New Onset of Confusion
Correct Answer(s)
A. Edema
B. Temperature >100.4 degrees Fahrenheit < 96.8 degrees Fahrenheit
C. Blood Glucose > 150 mb/ml in absence of diabeties
D. HR - > 90bmp
E. Respirtory rate > 20 breaths/min
F. PaCO2 < 32 mm Hg
G. WBC . >12,000/mm3 or > 10% immature bands
H. New Onset of ConfusionExplanation
The SIRS criteria are a set of clinical indicators used to identify systemic inflammatory response syndrome. The correct answer includes all the criteria that apply, which are: Edema, Temperature >100.4 degrees Fahrenheit < 96.8 degrees Fahrenheit, Blood Glucose > 150 mb/ml in absence of diabetes, HR - > 90bmp, Respiratory rate > 20 breaths/min, paCO2 < 32 mm Hg, WBC > 12,000/mm3 or > 10% immature bands, and New Onset of Confusion. These criteria help healthcare professionals assess and diagnose patients who may be experiencing a systemic inflammatory response.Rate this question:
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- 2.
On blood culture systems, only ________ to________ of all blood cultures become positive.
- A.
10-15%
- B.
5-10%
- C.
20-30%
- D.
40-50%
Correct Answer
B. 5-10%Explanation
Blood culture systems are used to detect the presence of bacteria or fungi in the bloodstream. However, not all blood cultures will yield positive results. The correct answer, 5-10%, suggests that only a small proportion of all blood cultures become positive. This indicates that the majority of blood cultures are negative, meaning that the patient's bloodstream is free from infection-causing organisms. The low positivity rate emphasizes the importance of proper sampling techniques and careful interpretation of results to avoid false-negative or false-positive outcomes.Rate this question:
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- 3.
C-reactive Protein (CRP) is an acute pahse proten that is released after simulation of inflammatory indicators like IL-6 and IL-8. CRP levels peak after 48 hours of injurious stimulia.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
C-reactive Protein (CRP) is indeed an acute phase protein that is released in response to inflammation. It is stimulated by inflammatory indicators such as IL-6 and IL-8. CRP levels typically reach their peak around 48 hours after the injurious stimulus. Therefore, the statement "CRP levels peak after 48 hours of injurious stimulation" is true.Rate this question:
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- 4.
True or False:It is recommended that you can use human serum or plasma (Lithium Heparinate) as specimen collections.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
It is recommended to use human serum or plasma (Lithium Heparinate) as specimen collections because these substances prevent the blood from clotting and help preserve the integrity of the sample. By using Lithium Heparinate, the specimen can be stored for a longer period of time without degradation, allowing for accurate analysis and testing.Rate this question:
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- 5.
It is recommended to retest PCT within __________________ hours if any concentrations < 2 ng/mL are obtained.
- A.
3-5
- B.
6-24
- C.
1-3
- D.
24-48
Correct Answer
B. 6-24Explanation
It is recommended to retest PCT within 6-24 hours if any concentrations < 2 ng/mL are obtained. This is because PCT (procalcitonin) is a marker of bacterial infection, and levels below 2 ng/mL are usually considered normal. However, if there is suspicion of bacterial infection despite the low PCT levels, retesting within 6-24 hours can help monitor any potential increase in PCT levels, which may indicate the presence of an infection.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The VIDAS B·R·A·H·M·S PCT is intended for use in conjunction with other laboratory findings and clinical assessments to aid in the risk stratification of critically ill patients on their first day of ICU admission for progression to severe sepsis and septic shock.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The VIDAS B·R·A·H·M·S PCT is not intended for use in conjunction with other laboratory findings and clinical assessments to aid in the risk stratification of critically ill patients on their first day of ICU admission for progression to severe sepsis and septic shock. Therefore, the correct answer is False.Rate this question:
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- 7.
__________are established rules governing the course of medical treatment in a concise detailed method.
- A.
Order Set
- B.
Antimicrobial Evaluation Criteria
- C.
Protocal
- D.
Lab Standards
Correct Answer
C. ProtocalExplanation
Protocols are established rules governing the course of medical treatment in a concise detailed method. They provide a systematic approach to healthcare by outlining the appropriate steps and procedures to be followed in specific situations. Protocols ensure consistency and standardization in medical practices, promoting efficient and effective patient care. They help healthcare professionals make informed decisions based on evidence-based guidelines, ensuring the best possible outcomes for patients.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Check all that apply. Which is not a critical step (s) prior to protocal Implementation
- A.
Obtain Administrative Support
- B.
Evaluate Inter Departmental Interactions
- C.
Establish a formal interactive relationship with the emergency department and the critical care unit
- D.
Indentify champions/unit protocal leaders
- E.
Develop and relay a firm understanding of the goals
- F.
Provide a unit/hospital/system wide education cmpaign
- G.
Obtain clinical support/assistance from the diagnostics company
Correct Answer
G. Obtain clinical support/assistance from the diagnostics companyExplanation
Obtaining clinical support/assistance from the diagnostics company is not a critical step prior to protocol implementation. The other steps mentioned, such as obtaining administrative support, evaluating interdepartmental interactions, establishing a formal interactive relationship with the emergency department and critical care unit, identifying champions/unit protocol leaders, developing a firm understanding of the goals, and providing unit/hospital/system-wide education campaign, are all important steps that should be taken before implementing a protocol. However, obtaining clinical support/assistance from the diagnostics company may be necessary during the implementation process, but it is not a critical step prior to implementation.Rate this question:
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- 9.
True or False: for any given patient, the PCT assays must be performed on the same type of sample tube?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
It is true that for any given patient, the PCT (Procalcitonin) assays must be performed on the same type of sample tube. This is because using different types of sample tubes can introduce variables and affect the accuracy and reliability of the test results. By using the same type of sample tube, consistency is maintained, ensuring reliable and comparable results for the patient's PCT levels.Rate this question:
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- 10.
____________should not be collected in EDTA tubes because it causes a decrease in valuesmeasured.
- A.
Human Serum
- B.
Plasma
- C.
Urine
- D.
Blood Culture
Correct Answer
B. PlasmaExplanation
EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) is an anticoagulant commonly used in blood collection tubes. It works by binding to calcium ions, preventing blood from clotting. However, EDTA can also bind to other metal ions present in the blood, such as magnesium and zinc, which are necessary for certain biochemical reactions. This can lead to a decrease in values measured for various tests. Therefore, plasma should not be collected in EDTA tubes to avoid interference with the accurate measurement of analytes.Rate this question:
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- 11.
True or False: Dr. Roger Bone quoted that, “ Rather than trying to find a magic bullet for cure sepsis, maybe focus should be on early recognition.”
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Dr. Roger Bone suggested that instead of searching for a single solution to cure sepsis, it would be more beneficial to concentrate on early recognition of the condition. This implies that early identification and intervention could potentially improve outcomes for sepsis patients, rather than relying solely on a cure-all treatment.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Sepsis is the ______ highest cost to Medicare.
- A.
1st
- B.
2nd
- C.
3rd
- D.
4th
Correct Answer
A. 1stExplanation
Sepsis is the highest cost to Medicare, indicating that it is the condition with the highest financial burden on the Medicare system. This suggests that the treatment and management of sepsis incur significant expenses, surpassing the costs associated with other medical conditions.Rate this question:
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- 13.
One characteristic of an ideal biomarker is that it must be an indicator of:
- Normal physiological processes
- Pathogenic processes
- Pharmacological responses to a therapeutic intervention
- A.
Affordable
- B.
Measureable and Reproducible
- C.
Automated
- D.
Predicts Clinical Events
- E.
Quickly obtainable and reproducible
- F.
Reflects underlying biological process
Correct Answer(s)
A. Affordable
B. Measureable and Reproducible
D. Predicts Clinical Events
E. Quickly obtainable and reproducible
F. Reflects underlying biological processExplanation
An ideal biomarker should be affordable, measurable and reproducible, able to predict clinical events, quickly obtainable and reproducible, and should reflect underlying biological processes. These characteristics are important to ensure that the biomarker can be easily and reliably measured, provide meaningful information about the disease or condition, and be accessible to a wide range of patients and healthcare providers.Rate this question:
- 14.
PCT is found in the C-cells of Thyroid tissue. In normal synthesis it cleaves to calcitonin. In the presence of a bacteria insult (systemic bacteria or sepsis) the cleaving does not take place and the entire molecule is spilled into the bloodstream; stimulating other similar cell types to produce PCT; those do not have the ability to synthesize and we see extreme rises in PCT in blood plasma in the first 3-6 hours. PCT has 20-24 half life. What does half-life mean for PCT?
- A.
The time it takes to see a change in the patient’s response to medicine
- B.
The time it takes for the molecule to be half of its productive state
- C.
The time it takes to see half of the increase in PCT in the blood
- D.
The time to measure all of the bacteria in the blood
Correct Answer
B. The time it takes for the molecule to be half of its productive stateExplanation
Half-life refers to the time it takes for a molecule to lose half of its activity or effectiveness. In the case of PCT, it means that after a certain period of time, half of the molecule's productive state is lost. This is important in understanding the duration of PCT's effects and how long it remains active in the body.Rate this question:
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