Block 2 Pace Quiz Blood And Hematopoeisis

Plasma cells are responsible for the production of immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies. Immunoglobulins are proteins produced by plasma cells in response to the presence of foreign substances, such as bacteria or viruses, in the body. These antibodies help to identify and neutralize these foreign substances, playing a crucial role in the immune response. Mast cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, and mesenchymal cells are all important components of the immune system, but they do not directly produce immunoglobulins.

Lymphocytes are the only leukocytes that can re-enter the bloodstream after entering the connective tissue. This is because lymphocytes have the ability to migrate between the bloodstream and the lymphatic system, allowing them to circulate throughout the body and play a crucial role in immune responses. Neutrophils, monocytes, and basophils, on the other hand, do not have this ability and once they enter the connective tissue, they stay there to carry out their specific functions.

The ABO blood group antigens on erythrocytes are carbohydrate groups. This statement is correct because the ABO blood group antigens are indeed carbohydrate groups that are attached to the surface of erythrocytes. These antigens determine an individual's blood type, which can be A, B, AB, or O. The presence or absence of specific carbohydrate groups on the erythrocyte surface determines the blood type.

LONG LIVE THE LYMPHOCYTES!!!

Macrophages are abundant in bone marrow stroma. They are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the immune system by engulfing and digesting cellular debris, foreign substances, and pathogens. In the bone marrow, macrophages are responsible for removing old or damaged cells, promoting tissue repair, and regulating the production of blood cells. Their presence in the bone marrow stroma helps maintain a healthy and functional bone marrow microenvironment.

Macrophages are involved in opsonization, which is the process of marking pathogens or foreign particles for destruction by immune cells. They do this by binding to the pathogens or particles and coating them with opsonins, such as antibodies or complement proteins. This coating makes it easier for other immune cells, such as neutrophils, to recognize and engulf the marked pathogens or particles, enhancing the efficiency of the immune response.

A cytokine is an extracellular signal protein or peptide made by one cell that acts on another cell. Cytokines play a crucial role in cell signaling and communication, regulating various immune responses, inflammation, and cell movement. They can attract cells to move towards their source, activate or chemoattract leucocytes, and mediate interactions between different cells. Therefore, the best definition of a cytokine is that it is an extracellular signal protein or peptide made by one cell that acts on another cell.