Black Civil Rights Focus Question Two (Continued)
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Focus Question two - Black Civil Rights - How did blacks attempt to bring about change?
- 1.
In which state is Birmingham?
- A.
Mississippi
- B.
Alabama
- C.
Texas
Correct Answer
B. AlabamaExplanation
Birmingham is located in the state of Alabama.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Why was Birmingham often known as "Bombingham"?
- A.
A key bomb making factory was sighted in Birmingham
- B.
A history of violence against Blacks in Birmingham including bomb attacks
- C.
It was convenient as it was near Martin Luther King's home
Correct Answer
B. A history of violence against Blacks in Birmingham including bomb attacksExplanation
Birmingham was often known as "Bombingham" due to its history of violence against Blacks, including bomb attacks. This nickname was given to the city because there were numerous instances of bombings targeting Black communities and civil rights activists during the civil rights movement. These bombings were carried out by white supremacists as a means to intimidate and suppress the Black population and their fight for equality. The violence and bombings in Birmingham were a significant part of the city's history and contributed to its reputation as "Bombingham."Rate this question:
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- 3.
How had the state authorities in Birmingham responded to Federal rulings demanding desegregation of parks, buses and libraries?
- A.
They had desegregated facilities in accordance with the law
- B.
They had closed parks, libraries and bus lines rather than abide by the law
Correct Answer
B. They had closed parks, libraries and bus lines rather than abide by the lawExplanation
The state authorities in Birmingham responded to Federal rulings demanding desegregation of parks, buses, and libraries by closing these facilities instead of following the law.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What was the key aim of the protestors in Birmingham?
- A.
To increase pressure on federal government to produce laws which would continue segregation in the South
- B.
To increase pressure on federal government to produce laws which woul desegregate in the South
Correct Answer
B. To increase pressure on federal government to produce laws which woul desegregate in the SouthExplanation
The key aim of the protestors in Birmingham was to increase pressure on the federal government to produce laws which would desegregate in the South. The protestors wanted to challenge racial segregation and discrimination in the South and push for equal rights and opportunities for African Americans. By increasing pressure on the federal government, they hoped to bring about legislative changes that would dismantle the system of segregation and promote racial equality.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What was involved in Phase One of the Birmingham campaign devised by Martin Luther King?
- A.
A series of demonstration marches and speeches to raise awareness of oppressed status of Blacks in America
- B.
A plan to fill up the jails with black school children
- C.
To provoke Police Commissioner Eugene "Bull" Connor
Correct Answer
A. A series of demonstration marches and speeches to raise awareness of oppressed status of Blacks in AmericaExplanation
Phase One of the Birmingham campaign devised by Martin Luther King involved a series of demonstration marches and speeches to raise awareness of the oppressed status of Blacks in America. This approach aimed to bring attention to the racial discrimination and segregation that African Americans faced, and to mobilize support for the civil rights movement. Through peaceful protests and public speeches, King and other activists sought to highlight the unjust treatment of Blacks and advocate for change.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What was the Birmingham Manifesto?
- A.
A letter written by Martin Luther King in jail
- B.
A series of demands made by Martin Luther King calling for desegregation and threatening non-violent action
- C.
The secret plans for attack on the protestors by White supremacists
Correct Answer
B. A series of demands made by Martin Luther King calling for desegregation and threatening non-violent actionExplanation
The Birmingham Manifesto refers to a series of demands made by Martin Luther King calling for desegregation and threatening non-violent action. This document was written during the Civil Rights Movement and outlined the goals and strategies of the movement in Birmingham, Alabama. It called for an end to racial segregation and discrimination, and emphasized the use of peaceful protests and civil disobedience to achieve these goals. The Birmingham Manifesto played a significant role in mobilizing support for the Civil Rights Movement and bringing attention to the injustices faced by African Americans in the United States.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What was the reaction of police commissioner Eugene "Bull" Connor to the demonstrators?
- A.
He arrested "'em all"
- B.
He let the marchers go about their protest peacefully
Correct Answer
A. He arrested "'em all"Explanation
The correct answer is "He arrested 'em all." This suggests that police commissioner Eugene "Bull" Connor responded to the demonstrators by arresting all of them. This indicates a harsh and oppressive approach towards the protesters, implying that he did not allow them to continue their protest peacefully.Rate this question:
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- 8.
On Good Friday, 11th April 1963, how did MLK respond to a court injunctions forbidding them from marching?
- A.
MLK decided it was too dangerous to march
- B.
MLK led a spontaneous march with 50 supporters towards Alabama state courts where they knelt in prayer
Correct Answer
B. MLK led a spontaneous march with 50 supporters towards Alabama state courts where they knelt in prayerExplanation
On Good Friday, 11th April 1963, MLK responded to the court injunctions forbidding them from marching by leading a spontaneous march with 50 supporters towards Alabama state courts where they knelt in prayer. This action demonstrated their commitment to nonviolent protest and their defiance against the unjust restrictions imposed on their right to march. By kneeling in prayer, MLK and the supporters showed their determination to peacefully fight for civil rights and justice, even in the face of adversity and opposition.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What was the reaction of Eugene "Bull" Connor to the demonstration?
- A.
He arrested MLK and placed him in solitary confinement
- B.
He arrested MLK but allowed him to go free the next day
Correct Answer
A. He arrested MLK and placed him in solitary confinementExplanation
Eugene "Bull" Connor's reaction to the demonstration was to arrest MLK and place him in solitary confinement. This implies that MLK was not released the next day and instead faced harsh punishment for his involvement in the demonstration.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What did MLK famously do whilst he was in jail?
- A.
Staged a miraculous escape by climbing over the prison wall
- B.
Wrote a letter on scraps of paper which were smuggled out of jail and published in American newspapers
- C.
Was visited by JFK in jail
Correct Answer
B. Wrote a letter on scraps of paper which were smuggled out of jail and published in American newspapersExplanation
MLK famously wrote a letter on scraps of paper while he was in jail, which were then smuggled out and published in American newspapers. This letter, known as the "Letter from Birmingham Jail," was a powerful and influential document that addressed the issue of racial injustice and called for nonviolent protests against segregation. It became one of MLK's most significant writings and played a crucial role in the Civil Rights Movement.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What did Martin Luther King and the Reverend Abernathy find when they were released from jail?
- A.
The campaign had almost died out
- B.
That campaign had descended into widespread riots
Correct Answer
A. The campaign had almost died outExplanation
After being released from jail, Martin Luther King and the Reverend Abernathy discovered that the campaign they had been leading had almost died out. This suggests that their absence had a significant impact on the momentum and progress of the campaign, possibly causing a decline in participation and support.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Why were many blacks in the Birminghm community hesitant about becoming involved in another round of demonstrations?
- A.
They were gettin bored with Martin Luther King
- B.
They feared imprisonment
- C.
Martin Luther King was no longer trusted by people in Birmingham
Correct Answer
B. They feared imprisonmentExplanation
Many blacks in the Birmingham community were hesitant about becoming involved in another round of demonstrations because they feared imprisonment. This fear stemmed from the fact that previous demonstrations had resulted in many arrests and incarcerations. The risk of being imprisoned was a significant deterrent for individuals who were already facing systemic discrimination and oppression. The fear of imprisonment was a valid concern and contributed to the hesitancy among many blacks in Birmingham to participate in further demonstrations.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What new tactic did MLK decide upon as part of Phase Two of the Birmingham campaign?
- A.
Involving previously convicted prisoners
- B.
Involving high school students
- C.
Getting celebrities to appear in TV adverts promoting the campaign
Correct Answer
B. Involving high school studentsExplanation
During Phase Two of the Birmingham campaign, MLK decided to involve high school students as a new tactic. This decision was likely made to increase the number of participants and to bring attention to the cause. By involving young people, MLK aimed to demonstrate the unjust treatment and segregation faced by African Americans, particularly the youth. Additionally, the involvement of high school students could have garnered more media coverage and public support for the civil rights movement.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What was the reaction of police commissioner Eugene "Bull" Connor to the marching school children?
- A.
He commanded his troopers to use water cannon and dogs and supervised their actions personally from his own white tank
- B.
He did nothing
- C.
He fired on the school children
Correct Answer
A. He commanded his troopers to use water cannon and dogs and supervised their actions personally from his own white tankExplanation
During the civil rights movement in the 1960s, police commissioner Eugene "Bull" Connor responded to the marching school children by commanding his troopers to use water cannons and dogs. He personally supervised their actions from his own white tank. This aggressive and violent response was aimed at suppressing the peaceful protests and maintaining racial segregation in Birmingham, Alabama. Connor's actions became emblematic of the resistance against desegregation and the brutality faced by African Americans during this time.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Following widespread media coverage, continued demonstrations and imprisonment of school children what was the result of the campaign?
- A.
Completely unsuccessful. No changes were made in Birmingham and was viewed as being a disaster in the civil rights campaign
- B.
Moderately successful - after 5 years the authorities agreed to desegregate facilities
- C.
Very successful - many public facilities desegregated, whole commuunity had been involved in campaign, elevated Matin Luther King to forefront of Civil Rights movement and increased pressure on Kennedy administration to alter the law to forbid segregation.
Correct Answer
C. Very successful - many public facilities desegregated, whole commuunity had been involved in campaign, elevated Matin Luther King to forefront of Civil Rights movement and increased pressure on Kennedy administration to alter the law to forbid segregation.Explanation
The campaign was very successful as many public facilities were desegregated. The whole community was involved in the campaign, which elevated Martin Luther King to the forefront of the Civil Rights movement. Additionally, the campaign increased pressure on the Kennedy administration to alter the law and forbid segregation.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What does the "C" stand for in "Project C"?
- A.
Containment
- B.
Commitment
- C.
Confrontation
Correct Answer
C. ConfrontationExplanation
The "C" in "Project C" stands for "Confrontation." This suggests that the project involves facing and addressing challenges or conflicts head-on. It implies that the project requires direct action and dealing with difficult situations in order to achieve its goals.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which description most accurately describes why Martin Luther King chose "Project C" as the plan for the Birmingham campaign?
- A.
He wished to confront racism, prejudice and segregtation in the South directly by means of demonstrations, sit in's. marches and speeches.
- B.
He had ababdoned peaceful means as a method of protest
- C.
He wanted to take the Black Civil Rights movement in a new Black Supremacist direction
Correct Answer
A. He wished to confront racism, prejudice and segregtation in the South directly by means of demonstrations, sit in's. marches and speeches.Explanation
Martin Luther King chose "Project C" as the plan for the Birmingham campaign because he wished to confront racism, prejudice, and segregation in the South directly through nonviolent means such as demonstrations, sit-ins, marches, and speeches. This approach was in line with his philosophy of peaceful protest and civil disobedience, aiming to bring attention to the injustices faced by African Americans and promote change through nonviolent resistance. By organizing these actions, King aimed to challenge the discriminatory practices and push for greater civil rights for Black individuals.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Who was Medgar Evers?
- A.
A key member of the SCLC
- B.
A white NAACP member who was killed by white supremacists outside his home
- C.
A black NAACP activist who was murdered outside his home by white supremacists
Correct Answer
C. A black NAACP activist who was murdered outside his home by white supremacistsExplanation
Medgar Evers was a black NAACP activist who was murdered outside his home by white supremacists. This answer accurately describes Evers' identity and the circumstances surrounding his death. He played a crucial role in the civil rights movement and fought for racial equality. His assassination was a tragic event that highlighted the violence and hatred faced by African Americans during that time.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What was the reaction of the black community to the death of Medgar Evers?
- A.
Widespread rioting across America
- B.
No reaction from blacks
- C.
A riot broke out after the funeral in which police used tear gas and dogs on protestors
Correct Answer
C. A riot broke out after the funeral in which police used tear gas and dogs on protestorsExplanation
The correct answer is that a riot broke out after the funeral in which police used tear gas and dogs on protestors. This suggests that the black community reacted with anger and frustration to the death of Medgar Evers, leading to widespread protests and clashes with law enforcement. The use of tear gas and dogs by the police indicates a violent response to the protests, further highlighting the intensity of the reaction.Rate this question:
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- 20.
What happend in Birmingham 15th September 1963?
- A.
Black shops were attacked by Ku Klux Klan members
- B.
Four black school children were murdered in a white supremacist bomb attack on a chu
- C.
Eight black school children were murdered in a white supremacist bomb attack on a chu
Correct Answer
B. Four black school children were murdered in a white supremacist bomb attack on a chuExplanation
In Birmingham on September 15th, 1963, four black school children were tragically murdered in a white supremacist bomb attack on a church. This horrific act of violence highlights the racial tensions and discrimination that existed during that time, with the Ku Klux Klan targeting black individuals and institutions. The attack on the church and the loss of innocent lives serves as a stark reminder of the deep-seated racism and hatred that plagued society during the civil rights movement.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What was the name often given by the reaction of white supremacists to the Birmingham campaigns?
- A.
White frontage
- B.
White backlash
- C.
White revenge
Correct Answer
B. White backlashExplanation
The term "White backlash" refers to the negative and hostile reaction from white supremacists towards the Birmingham campaigns. These campaigns were aimed at advocating for civil rights and racial equality for African Americans in Birmingham. The term "backlash" implies a strong and often violent response to social progress and racial integration, reflecting the resistance and opposition of white supremacists towards any advancements in racial equality.Rate this question:
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- 22.
In which year did the March on Washington take place?
- A.
1962
- B.
1963
- C.
1964
- D.
1965
- E.
1966
Correct Answer
B. 1963Explanation
The March on Washington took place in 1963. This historic event was a large civil rights demonstration held in Washington, D.C. on August 28, 1963. It was organized to advocate for civil and economic rights for African Americans and was attended by approximately 250,000 people. The highlight of the march was Martin Luther King Jr.'s famous "I Have a Dream" speech, which called for an end to racism and equality for all. The march played a significant role in the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Why was Washington DC chosen?
- A.
It was a southern city which had been a consistent perpetrator of racism and segregation
- B.
It is the capital of America and Martin Luther King and the SCLC wanted to apply maximum pressure on the President to introduce changes to the law forbidding segregation.
- C.
It was conveniently close to the headquarters of SCLC
Correct Answer
B. It is the capital of America and Martin Luther King and the SCLC wanted to apply maximum pressure on the President to introduce changes to the law forbidding segregation.Explanation
Washington DC was chosen as the location for the civil rights protests because it is the capital of America. Martin Luther King and the SCLC wanted to apply maximum pressure on the President to introduce changes to the law forbidding segregation. Being in the capital would ensure that their message reached the highest levels of government and increase the likelihood of their demands being addressed.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What was the principal aim of the March?
- A.
To destroy public faith in the Kennedy administration
- B.
To present a list of needs of blacks and to support a recent Civil Rights Bill introduced by President John F. Kennedy
- C.
To celebrate the recent victories in the Civil Rights movement
Correct Answer
B. To present a list of needs of blacks and to support a recent Civil Rights Bill introduced by President John F. KennedyExplanation
The principal aim of the March was to present a list of needs of blacks and to support a recent Civil Rights Bill introduced by President John F. Kennedy. This can be inferred from the information provided in the question, which states that the March aimed to present a list of needs of blacks and to support a recent Civil Rights Bill.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Tick the groups that were involved in the March on Washington?
- A.
SCLC
- B.
NAACP
- C.
CORE
- D.
SNCC
- E.
Black Panthers
- F.
White Citizens Council
Correct Answer(s)
A. SCLC
B. NAACP
C. CORE
D. SNCCExplanation
The groups that were involved in the March on Washington were the SCLC, NAACP, CORE, and SNCC. These organizations played significant roles in the Civil Rights Movement and were instrumental in organizing the march. The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), and Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) were all committed to fighting for racial equality and social justice. Their collaboration and participation in the March on Washington demonstrated their collective efforts to bring about change and address the issues faced by African Americans in the United States.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Approximately how many people are estimated to have attended the "March on Washington"?
- A.
20,000
- B.
200,000
- C.
500,000
- D.
750,000
Correct Answer
B. 200,000Explanation
Approximately 200,000 people are estimated to have attended the "March on Washington." This event took place on August 28, 1963, and was a pivotal moment in the Civil Rights Movement. It was organized to advocate for civil and economic rights for African Americans and featured Martin Luther King Jr.'s famous "I Have a Dream" speech. The estimated attendance of 200,000 signifies the significant impact and widespread support that the march had garnered, making it one of the largest political rallies for human rights in American history.Rate this question:
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- 27.
What was the famous line in the speech given by Martin Luther King?
- A.
"I had a dream"
- B.
"I have a dream"
- C.
"I still have a dream"
Correct Answer
B. "I have a dream"Explanation
The correct answer is "I have a dream." This line is famous because it is the opening phrase of Martin Luther King Jr.'s iconic speech delivered during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963. In his speech, King expressed his vision for racial equality and justice in America, emphasizing his dream of a future where people are judged by their character rather than the color of their skin. The phrase has become synonymous with King's message and has had a lasting impact on the civil rights movement.Rate this question:
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- 28.
How did Malcolm X describe the "March on Washington"?
- A.
A picnic and the "Farce on Washington"
- B.
A triumph for the Black civil rights movement
- C.
A waste of time
Correct Answer
A. A picnic and the "Farce on Washington"Explanation
Malcolm X described the "March on Washington" as a picnic and the "Farce on Washington." This suggests that he viewed the event as a superficial and ineffective display, lacking true substance or impact in advancing the cause of Black civil rights. He likely believed that the march did not address the root issues of racial inequality and was merely a symbolic gesture without meaningful change.Rate this question:
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- 29.
How successful was the March in achieving its aims?
- A.
Not successful - no changes in legislation resulted
- B.
Moderately successful - the march gained widespread media and increased pressure on the American Congress to pursue the Civil Rights Bill. However, the Civil Rights Act passed in 1964 did not solve black poverty and failed to address voters rights issues
- C.
A complete success - the Civil Rights Act was subsequently passed which completely defeated racial discrimination in America
Correct Answer
B. Moderately successful - the march gained widespread media and increased pressure on the American Congress to pursue the Civil Rights Bill. However, the Civil Rights Act passed in 1964 did not solve black poverty and failed to address voters rights issuesExplanation
The March was considered moderately successful because it achieved some of its aims but not all. The march gained widespread media attention and increased pressure on the American Congress to pursue the Civil Rights Bill, which was a significant accomplishment. However, the Civil Rights Act passed in 1964 did not completely solve issues such as black poverty and voters' rights. This suggests that while the march had an impact, it did not fully achieve its goals of addressing all the systemic issues faced by the black community.Rate this question:
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- 30.
What happend when President John F Kennedy first tried to gain support for the Civil Rights Bill in 1963?
- A.
He failed to gain sufficient support in Congress for the Bill
- B.
He was sucessfully able to gain support and the Bill became law in 1963
Correct Answer
A. He failed to gain sufficient support in Congress for the BillExplanation
President John F. Kennedy initially faced difficulty in gaining enough support in Congress for the Civil Rights Bill in 1963. This implies that despite his efforts, he was unable to gather the necessary backing from members of Congress to pass the bill into law.Rate this question:
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- 31.
What do you think were the two key events/actions were most important in convincing Congress to make the Civil Rights Bill a law in 1963?
- A.
1. The assassination of JFK and the subsequent support for this act by his successor Lyndon Baines Johnson; 2 The March on Washington
- B.
1. The murder of Medgar Evers 2. White backlash
- C.
1. Birmingham protest 2. Eugene Bull Connor's extreme actions in Birmingham
Correct Answer
A. 1. The assassination of JFK and the subsequent support for this act by his successor Lyndon Baines Johnson; 2 The March on WashingtonExplanation
The two key events/actions that were most important in convincing Congress to make the Civil Rights Bill a law in 1963 were the assassination of JFK and the subsequent support for this act by his successor Lyndon Baines Johnson, as well as the March on Washington. The assassination of JFK created a sense of urgency and a desire to honor his legacy by passing the Civil Rights Bill. Johnson's support and political influence were crucial in garnering the necessary support from Congress. Additionally, the March on Washington, where Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech, brought national attention to the cause and increased public pressure on Congress to act.Rate this question:
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