Biology Quizzes Exam 2 assesses understanding of fundamental biological concepts including atomic structure, chemical reactions such as respiration, properties of water, and thermodynamics. It is designed to test knowledge crucial for learners in biology.
Equal sharing of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen atoms
Attraction between ions
Unequal sharing of electrons between covalently oxygen and hydrogen atoms
A covalent bond that shares more than two electrons
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Hydrophobic substances do not mix well with water; hydrophilic substances mix well with water.
Hydrophobic substances mix well with water; hydrophilic substances do not mix well with water.
Hydrophobic substances form by synthesis; hydrophilic substances form by hydrolysis.
Hydrophobic substances form by hydrolysis; hydrophilic substances form by synthesis.
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Oxidation
Reduction
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Removal of -H and -OH from monomers to join the monomers into a polymer, and forming water.
Using water movlcules to break polymers into monomers.
The attraction of two water molecules to each other due to partial chages on each molecule.
The gain of an electron as a hydrogen atom.
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The amount of energy in the universe is constant.
Energy can neither be created or destroyed.
The amount of matter in the universe is constant
Ome useful energy is lost to a system whenever an energy trnasfer occurs.
Both 1 and 2 above are part of the second law of thermodymanics
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Polysaccharides are composed of monosaccharide units
Monosarccharides are composed of polysaccharide units
Monosachcarides only bond chemically to polysaccharides as side groups on the polysaccharide chain
they are both sugars, but there is no other chemical relationship between them
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Glycerol and 3 fatty acids, at leasat one of which is unsaturated
1 fatty acid and 3 glycerol molecules, one of which is unsaturated
a chain of carbons with some double bonds between them
A bonding of amnio acids and monosaccharides
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The order of amino acids
Folding and turning back on itself into a globular three-dimentional structure.
Interaction of two or more separtely-formed peptide subunits to form a functioning protein unit.
The twisting of the string of amino acids into an alpha-helix or pleated sheet.
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Organic catalyst
A lipid carrier molecule
an inorganic catalyst
A substance that is changed by a chemical reaction
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The sum of the reactants and products of a chemical reaction
The binding the substrate to the enzyme during catalysis
The complex of various substrates upon which an enzyme acts
a fixation on substrates by enzymes that requires deep Freudian psychotherapy
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The end of the protein chain that contains "enzyme" information
The place on the enzyme where energy-containing molecules bind to power the enzyme
the place that binds an enzyme to the cell membrane
The place on the enzyme where catalysis occurs
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The substrate fits into the enzyme in a very specific manner
The enzyme "learns" to recognize a specific substrate as it is formed and develops, but could "learn" to recognize any substrate
The substrate "molds" itself to the enzyme so that any enzyme can catalyse any specific reaction
The enzyme contains a copy of the substrate molecule that it uses as a "model" for the type of molecule with which it will react
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Enzymes supply energy to the substrate for the reaction to proceed
Enzymes transfer energy between substrate molecules for the reation to occur
Enzymes lower the activation energy needed to begin the rection
Enzymes act as a "workbench" for other molecules to carry out the reaction but have no other role
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A substance similar in shape to the substrate becomes permanently attached to the active site
Two enzymes try to attach to the substrate and neither can
Energy supplied to the enzyme does not allow it to catalyse a reaction
Other substances compete with the enzyme to attach to the substrate
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it becomes ineffective and cannot catalyze a reaction
If the enzyme is a protein, the tertiary structure is changed
the shape of the active site is altered
All of the above
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Vitamin C
Iron
Cholesterol
DNA
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It constantly attaches to and detaches from the active site, blocking the substrate from the enzyme part of the time
It attaches to the substrate, preventing it from interacting with the enzyme
It attaches to an allosteric site, changing the shape of the active site.
It causes the enzyme to become bound to a membrane
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To identify intermediates in the pathway and independently carry them to their next destination
To become intermediate products in the reaction, providing raw materials fo the next step of the reaction
To provide an interconnected "bucket brigade" that passes the intermediates from point to point in the pathway
Mediate each step of the reaction
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Organisms begin as a mass of nonliving organic materials that organize into cells spontaneously
Some organisms are cellular in nature, some are not
All organisms are composed of units called cells.
Living things are composed fo fibrous strings called cells that weave together like cloth to form an organism.
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He coined the term "cell".
He restated and reinforce Oken's ideas that cells come from existing cells by cell division.
All organisms are cellular in nature.
He was one of the first to observe and describe microorganisms as "animicules
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Proteins embedded in a bilayer of phospholipid
Phospholipid embedded in a bilayer of proteins
A bilayer of phospholipid sandwiched between an outer and an inner layer of protein
A bilayer of protein sandwiched between an outer and an inner layer of phospholipid
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Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Carbohydrates
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The movement of a substance across a semipermeable membrane.
Diffusion of a substance through water.
Diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.
Diffusion of water within a solution.
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Information storage for cell metabolism and heredity
Processing energy from food
Packaging and transport of materials for export from the cel
Intracellular digestion of foodstuffs
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information processing
Protein synthesis
Lipid (steroid) synthesis and detoxification
Cell movement
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An imbalance of enzymes in the nucleus
Lack of an enzyme in the lysosomes
Improper fusion of vesicles to the Golgi apparatus
The ribosomes do not stick properly to the rough ER
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Cell wall
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
Lysosome
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