In the cytosol
In the mitochondria
Only if oxygen is present
Only if oxyggen is absent
Produced from two molecules of pyruvic acid
Converted into two molecules of ATP
Partially broken down and some of its stored energy is released
Partially broken down and its stored energy is increased
A two- carbon molecule from a six- carbon molecules
CO2 from a three- carbon molecule
ATP from ADP and phosphate
NAD+ from NADH and H+
0.2%
2%
20%
200%
All organisms
All unicellular and most multicellular organisms
Many unicellular and some multicellular organisms
No organisms
Acetyl CoA
Pyruvic acid
Oxaloacetic acid
Citric acid
Acetyl CoA
Pyruvic acid
Oxaloacetic acid
Citric acid
Produces two molecules of CO2
Produces a six carbon molecule from six molecules of CO2
Produces NAD+ from NADH and H+
Generates most of the ATP produced in aerobic respiration
Generates O2 from H2O
Produces NADH by chemiosmosis
Pumps electrons into the mitochondrial matrix
Pumps protons into the space between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes
0.39%
3.9%
39%
390%
Absorbs mostly orange- red and blue- violet light
Absorbs mostly green light
Is an accessory pigment
Is responsible for the red color of many autumn leaves
Outer chloroplast membrane
Inner chloroplast membrane
Thylakoid membrane
Stroma
Receive electrons from other photosystems
Donate electrons to a transport chain that generates NADPH
Donate protons to each other
Contain chlorophyll a molecules
Donating electrons to NADPH
Donating electrons to photosystem II
Accepting electrons from the electron transport chains
Accepting electrons from ADP
Synthesis of ATP
Synthesis of NADPH
Passage of electrons along the electron transport chain of photosystem II
Splitting of water
RuBP
PGA
3- G3P
NADPH
RuBP
ATP
3- PGA
NADPH
Only carbohydrates
Only amino acids
Only lipids
Carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids
Steps in the calvin cycle
Carbon atoms in the compound that CO2 is initially incorporated into
Carbon atoms in the end product of the calvin cycle
ATP molecules used in the calvin cycle
Continues to decrease
Continues to increase
Initially decreases and then levels off
Initially increases and then levels off