Biology 1401 Chapter 9 Cell Communication

25 Questions | By Vlgarza08 | Updated: Mar 22, 2022 | Attempts: 3099

Questions

Settings

Create your own Quiz

Biology 1401 Chapter 9 Cell Communication - Quiz

Questions and Answers

1.

Located on or within the cell are _________ proteins, each of which has a three dimensional shape complementary to that of a specific signal molecule.
- A.
  
  Amplification
- B.
  
  Monoclonal
- C.
  
  Transmembranal
- D.
  
  Receptor
- E.
  
  Messenger
2.

The space into which neurotransmitters are released is called a chemical
- A.
  
  Synapse.
- B.
  
  Junction.
- C.
  
  Channel.
- D.
  
  Desmosome.
- E.
  
  Vesicle.
3.

Which of the following is not a second messenger?
- A.
  
  CAMP
- B.
  
  Ca++ions
- C.
  
  Diacyl glycerol (DAG)
- D.
  
  Inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3)
- E.
  
  Phospholipase C
4.

Specific protein receptors are present for all of the following except
- A.
  
  Signal amplification.
- B.
  
  Signal transduction.
- C.
  
  Intracellular receptors binding to DNA.
- D.
  
  Signaling to other cells.
- E.
  
  Cell junctions.
5.

Communication between cells can occur by all of the following basic mechanisms except
- A.
  
  Direct contact.
- B.
  
  Intracellular signaling.
- C.
  
  Paracrine signaling.
- D.
  
  Endocrine signaling.
- E.
  
  Synaptic signaling.
6.

Signals with short-lived, local effects are called
- A.
  
  Direct contact.
- B.
  
  Endocrine signals.
- C.
  
  Paracrine signals.
- D.
  
  Synaptic signals.
7.

Synaptic signaling requires which of the following to be released into the synaptic gap?
- A.
  
  Hormones
- B.
  
  Internal receptors
- C.
  
  Genes
- D.
  
  Neurotransmitters
- E.
  
  Lipids
8.

Signal molecules activate intracellular receptors in
- A.
  
  Chromosomes.
- B.
  
  Vesicles.
- C.
  
  Target cells.
- D.
  
  Skin cells.
- E.
  
  Surface cells.
9.

The molecules that convert extracellular signals into intracellular ones are
- A.
  
  Neurotransmitters.
- B.
  
  Peptide hormones.
- C.
  
  Cell surface receptors.
- D.
  
  Growth factor proteins.
- E.
  
  Genes.
10.

All of the following statements about chemically-gated ion channels are true except
- A.
  
  Their amino acid chains wind back and forth across the membrane.
- B.
  
  They close in response to binding of the signal molecule.
- C.
  
  A pore exists in the center of the protein.
- D.
  
  The pore connects the extracellular fluid with the cytoplasm.
- E.
  
  The pore is big enough for ions to pass through it.
11.

The class of cell surface receptors that acts indirectly on plasma membrane-bound enzymes or ion channels is called
- A.
  
  G-protein-coupled receptors.
- B.
  
  Gated ion channels.
- C.
  
  Enzymatic receptors.
- D.
  
  Second messenger receptors.
12.

Which of following statements about G proteins associated with G-protein-coupled receptors is false?
- A.
  
  G proteins provide a link between the receptor and effector protein.
- B.
  
  G proteins can propagate the signal by either the G~ or the G(by) components.
- C.
  
  G proteins are heterotrimeric.
- D.
  
  Associated G proteins become active by exchanging GTP and GDP.
- E.
  
  Activated G protein diffuses away from the receptor.
13.

Which pair are examples of second messengers?
- A.
  
  Sodium, potassium ions
- B.
  
  Amino acids, proteins
- C.
  
  Steroids, lipids
- D.
  
  Sugars, starches
- E.
  
  CAMP, calcium ions
14.

A small number of surface receptors can ultimately generate a large intracellular response, as each step of the pathway is often expanded by
- A.
  
  Enzymatic receptors.
- B.
  
  Gated ion channels.
- C.
  
  Signal amplification.
- D.
  
  G-protein-coupled receptors.
15.

Most cells are in physical contact with other cells at all times by forming permanent connections called
- A.
  
  Cell junctions.
- B.
  
  Gated ion channels.
- C.
  
  Enzymatic receptors.
- D.
  
  G-protein-coupled receptors.
- E.
  
  Cell surface markers.
16.

Small molecules or ions can pass from one cell to another through
- A.
  
  Tight junctions.
- B.
  
  Gap junctions.
- C.
  
  Diffusion spheres.
- D.
  
  Desmosomes.
- E.
  
  Adherens junctions.
17.

In plants, cell-cell junctions can only occur at gaps in the cell walls through cytoplasmic connections that form across the plasma membranes of the touching cells. These junctions are called
- A.
  
  Desmosomes.
- B.
  
  Tight junctions.
- C.
  
  Plasmodesmata.
- D.
  
  The cellulose matrix.
- E.
  
  Adhering junctions.
18.

Chemically-gated ion channels are receptor proteins through which ions pass. A cell biologist has blocked these channels in a lab rat's liver tissue by using a chemical that
- A.
  
  Prohibits binding of a signal molecule.
- B.
  
  Prohibits ions from entering the cell via active transport.
- C.
  
  Causes ions to move in the opposite direction of the ion gradient.
- D.
  
  Prohibits second messenger signaling.
19.

What characteristics do all cell surface receptors share?
- A.
  
  They are composed of hydrophilic proteins.
- B.
  
  They all must bind to a molecule to be activated.
- C.
  
  They all result in creation of an ion channel.
- D.
  
  They include the activation of a G protein.
20.

Why is phosphorylation-dephosphorylation commonly used to regulate signal transduction pathways?
- A.
  
  Phosphate groups are efficient second messengers.
- B.
  
  Protein kinase and phosphatases are abundant in most cells.
- C.
  
  The hydolysis of bound GTP results in GDP and Pi.
- D.
  
  The addition or removal of a phosphate group can expose or hide potential binding sites in proteins.
21.

Which of the following proteins phosphorylates MAP kinase kinase?
- A.
  
  MAP kinase
- B.
  
  MAP kinase kinase
- C.
  
  MAP kinase kinase kinase
- D.
  
  MAP phosphatase
22.

Long-lived; affects cells very distant from the releasing cell.
- A.
  
  Paracrine signaling
- B.
  
  Direct contact
- C.
  
  Endoctine signaling
- D.
  
  Synaptic signaling
23.

Signal molecules on a cell membrane interact with molecules on a neighboring cell membrane.
- A.
  
  Paracrine signaling
- B.
  
  Direct contact
- C.
  
  Endoctine signaling
- D.
  
  Synaptic signaling
24.

Short lived; used by nerve cells.
- A.
  
  Paracrine signaling
- B.
  
  Direct contact
- C.
  
  Endoctine signaling
- D.
  
  Synaptic signaling
25.

Short-lived, causing local effects.
- A.
  
  Paracrine signaling
- B.
  
  Direct contact
- C.
  
  Endoctine signaling
- D.
  
  Synaptic signaling