Biology 1401 Chapter 6 Energy And Metabolism

29 Questions | By Vlgarza08 | Updated: Mar 22, 2022 | Attempts: 749

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1.

Oxidation and reduction reactions are chemical processes that result in a gain or loss in
- A.
  
  Atoms.
- B.
  
  Neutrons.
- C.
  
  Electrons.
- D.
  
  Molecules.
- E.
  
  Protons.
2.

Reactions that occur spontaneously and release free energy are called _____ reactions.
- A.
  
  Activation
- B.
  
  Exergonic
- C.
  
  Catabolistic
- D.
  
  Thermodynamic
- E.
  
  Endergonic
3.

A chemical reaction in which the products contain less energy than the ____ will tend to proceed spontaneously.
- A.
  
  Reactants
- B.
  
  Enzymes
- C.
  
  Coenzymes
- D.
  
  Substrates
- E.
  
  Cofactors
4.

Protein catalysts that speed up the various metabolic biological reactions in an organism are called.
- A.
  
  Substrates.
- B.
  
  Cofactors.
- C.
  
  Reactants.
- D.
  
  Products.
- E.
  
  Enzymes.
5.

Enzymes have specific ____ with which they interact.
- A.
  
  Products
- B.
  
  Substrates
- C.
  
  Reactants
- D.
  
  Atoms
- E.
  
  End-products
6.

The specificity of an enzyme is due to its active site. The active site is shpaed so that only a certain
- A.
  
  Substrate molecule can fit into it.
- B.
  
  Product molecule can fit into it.
- C.
  
  Reactant molecule can fit into it.
- D.
  
  Cofactor molecule can fit into it.
- E.
  
  Histone molecule can fit into it.
7.

The organic non-protein components that aid in enzyme functioning are called
- A.
  
  Reactants.
- B.
  
  Cofactors.
- C.
  
  Coenzymes.
- D.
  
  Substrates.
- E.
  
  Products.
8.

The inorganic non-protein components that participate in enzyme catalysis are known as
- A.
  
  Coenzymes.
- B.
  
  Cofactors.
- C.
  
  End-products.
- D.
  
  Substrates.
- E.
  
  Reactants.
9.

The chief energy currency of all cells is a molecule called
- A.
  
  Cyclic AMP.
- B.
  
  NADH.
- C.
  
  FADH.
- D.
  
  ATP.
- E.
  
  ADP.
10.

The chemistry of living systems representing all chemical reactions is called
- A.
  
  Catabolism.
- B.
  
  Anabolism.
- C.
  
  Metabolism.
- D.
  
  Enzymology.
- E.
  
  Thermodynamics.
11.

A calorie is the commonly used unit of chemical energy. It is also the unit of
- A.
  
  Light.
- B.
  
  Magnetism.
- C.
  
  Sound.
- D.
  
  Heat.
- E.
  
  Radioactivity.
12.

When an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons, it is said to be
- A.
  
  Energized.
- B.
  
  Oxidized.
- C.
  
  Polarized.
- D.
  
  Activated.
- E.
  
  Reduced.
13.

Life's ultimate source of energy is derived from
- A.
  
  The sun.
- B.
  
  Plants.
- C.
  
  Water.
- D.
  
  Air.
- E.
  
  Cells.
14.

Reactions that do not proceed spontaneously because they require energy from an outside source are called
- A.
  
  Exergonic.
- B.
  
  Xerogonic.
- C.
  
  Metabolic.
- D.
  
  Endergonic.
- E.
  
  Endocytic.
15.

Molecules that act as catalysts in biological systems are
- A.
  
  ATP.
- B.
  
  Cofactors.
- C.
  
  Coenzymes.
- D.
  
  Enzymes.
- E.
  
  Genes.
16.

Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions by lowering the
- A.
  
  Entropy.
- B.
  
  Free energy.
- C.
  
  Activation energy.
- D.
  
  Enthalpy.
- E.
  
  Calories.
17.

In an enzyme catalyzed reaction the reactant is called the
- A.
  
  Ribozyme.
- B.
  
  Catalyst.
- C.
  
  Substrate.
- D.
  
  End-product.
- E.
  
  Activator.
18.

When the substrate is bound to the enzyme, the shape of the enzyme may change slightly, leading to
- A.
  
  A better induced fit.
- B.
  
  A great range of possible catalytic activities.
- C.
  
  A greater supply of activation energy.
- D.
  
  More permanent binding through intimate total contact.
- E.
  
  More possible products of the reaction.
19.

Enzymes are very specific in their choices of substrates because each different enzyme has an active site that
- A.
  
  Depends on unusual amino acids not common in proteins.
- B.
  
  Has a certain unique amino acid to fit each substrate.
- C.
  
  Is shaped to fit a certain substrate molecule.
- D.
  
  Is lined with glycolipids and glycoproteins.
- E.
  
  Passes electrons from one part of the substrate to another.
20.

At the conclusion of an enzyme catalyzed reaction, the enzyme
- A.
  
  Must be resynthesized from its amino acids.
- B.
  
  Frees itself from the product and is ready to be reused.
- C.
  
  Must be transported from outside of the cell.
- D.
  
  Changes into an active form.
- E.
  
  Closes up its active site and cannot bind to more substrate.
21.

The ability of an enzyme to catalyze a reaction is not affected by
- A.
  
  Temperature.
- B.
  
  PH.
- C.
  
  Salt concentration.
- D.
  
  Binding of specific regulatory molecules.
- E.
  
  Excess cofactor.
22.

The sites where molecules other than substrates bind in an enzyme to alter its activity are called _____ sites.
- A.
  
  Catalytic
- B.
  
  Allosteric
- C.
  
  Metabolic
- D.
  
  Amino acid
- E.
  
  Activity
23.

One of the most important coenzymes that accepts electrons/hydrogens is
- A.
  
  NAD+.
- B.
  
  NADH.
- C.
  
  ATP.
- D.
  
  NADPH.
- E.
  
  Ribozyme.
24.

ATP gives up energy when it is converted to
- A.
  
  DNA.
- B.
  
  NADP.
- C.
  
  NADH.
- D.
  
  ADP and phosphate.
- E.
  
  RNA.
25.

Under standard conditions, ATP can release for every molecule
- A.
  
  Less than 1 cal of energy.
- B.
  
  1 to 2 cal of energy.
- C.
  
  7.3 Kcal of energy.
- D.
  
  7.3 cal of energy.
- E.
  
  Different amounts of energy depending on the cell.