Bentley Ch. 30 Americas And Independence

Juan Manuel de Rosas and Maximillian Robespierre used terror in their respective nations as a nation-building strategy.

The term "Manifest Destiny" refers to the belief that it was the destiny or fate of the United States to expand its territory across the entire North American continent. This belief was prevalent in the 19th century and was used to justify westward expansion, including the acquisition of territory from other nations and the displacement of Native American populations. It was a belief in the inevitability of American dominion over all of North America.

The Trail of Tears in 1838-1839 and the Battle of Wounded Knee in 1890 are significant because they exemplify the harsh treatment of native peoples at the hands of the U.S. government. These events involved the forced removal of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands and the violent suppression of their resistance. The U.S. government's actions during these events demonstrate a pattern of mistreatment and disregard for the rights and well-being of indigenous peoples.

The building of transcontinental railroads in the 19th century provided the greatest boom to economic unification in both the U.S. and Canada. These railroads connected previously isolated regions, allowing for the efficient transportation of goods and people across long distances. This facilitated trade and commerce between different parts of the countries, leading to economic growth and integration. The railroads also played a vital role in the development of industries and the expansion of markets, contributing to the overall economic unity of the two nations.

The correct answer is the balance of power between the state governments and the federal government. This issue was at the center of the American Civil War because it involved the question of whether states had the right to secede from the Union and the extent of federal authority over the states. The Confederate states believed in the concept of state sovereignty and argued that they had the right to leave the Union, while the Union government believed in a strong federal government and sought to preserve the Union at all costs. This conflict over the balance of power ultimately led to the Civil War.

The Mexican Revolution was primarily a conflict between conservative landowners and landless peasants. The revolution was sparked by the widespread dissatisfaction among the rural population, who were largely peasants struggling with poverty and lack of land ownership. The conservative landowners controlled the majority of the land and resources in Mexico, while the landless peasants demanded land reforms and better living conditions. This led to a violent and prolonged struggle between the two groups, ultimately resulting in significant social and political changes in Mexico.

The correct answer is France's loss of its Canadian colonies in the Seven Years' War. This event resulted in a large French population in British Canada because when France lost its Canadian colonies to Britain, many French settlers remained and became subjects of the British Empire. This led to the establishment of French-speaking communities in Canada, particularly in Quebec.

The correct answer is "sharp divisions among the creole classes". This suggests that the road to a stable state in Latin America was hindered by the divisions and conflicts among the creole classes. These divisions could have created instability and hindered the development of a unified and stable state.

The Latin American reform movements of the 19th century aimed to address the issue of land distribution. This was a universal goal because the concentration of land ownership in the hands of a few wealthy elites was seen as a major source of inequality and social unrest in the region. By implementing land distribution reform, the reformers sought to redistribute land to the landless and promote a more equitable distribution of wealth and resources. This would not only address social and economic inequalities but also promote stability and development in Latin American societies.

Asian migrants to Latin America in the mid-19th century were most likely to work on a sugar or cotton plantation. This is because during this time, sugar and cotton were major cash crops in Latin America, and the demand for labor was high. These plantations required a large workforce for planting, cultivating, and harvesting the crops. Asian migrants, particularly from China and India, were recruited as indentured laborers to work on these plantations due to their availability and willingness to work for low wages. They played a significant role in the development of the sugar and cotton industries in Latin America during this period.

During the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz, Mexico experienced significant industrial expansion, with paved streets and electric lights being introduced in Mexico City. Additionally, there was a significant amount of foreign investment in the Mexican economy. However, improved public health and education were not achieved during this time.

Both used government economic policy to encourage national stability and discourage separatist movements.

The correct answer is that the market for manufactured goods was too small. This suggests that there was not enough demand for manufactured goods in Latin America, which limited economic development. Without a large market to sell their products to, businesses would have struggled to grow and expand. This could have hindered industrialization and modernization efforts in the region.

The American Revolutionary War resulted in a significant shift in the population ratio in Canada from predominantly French to predominantly British-speaking residents. This is because during the war, many loyalists who were loyal to the British Crown fled the American colonies and settled in Canada. These loyalists were primarily English-speaking, which led to an increase in the British-speaking population in Canada.