Bentley Ch. 30 Americas And Independence
- 1.
The term MANIFEST DESTINY was used to describe
- A.
The inevitability of American independence from Britain
- B.
The superiority of the U.S. Constitution
- C.
The inevitability of American dominion over all of North America
- D.
The superiority of the North to the South during the Civil War
Correct Answer
C. The inevitability of American dominion over all of North AmericaExplanation
The term "Manifest Destiny" refers to the belief that it was the destiny or fate of the United States to expand its territory across the entire North American continent. This belief was prevalent in the 19th century and was used to justify westward expansion, including the acquisition of territory from other nations and the displacement of Native American populations. It was a belief in the inevitability of American dominion over all of North America.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The constitutional issue at the center of the American Civil War was
- A.
The balance of power between the president and the Congress
- B.
The balance of power between the state governments and the federal government
- C.
Conflicting claims between the individual and society
- D.
The rights of immigrant labor versus the rights of slave labor
Correct Answer
B. The balance of power between the state governments and the federal governmentExplanation
The correct answer is the balance of power between the state governments and the federal government. This issue was at the center of the American Civil War because it involved the question of whether states had the right to secede from the Union and the extent of federal authority over the states. The Confederate states believed in the concept of state sovereignty and argued that they had the right to leave the Union, while the Union government believed in a strong federal government and sought to preserve the Union at all costs. This conflict over the balance of power ultimately led to the Civil War.Rate this question:
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- 3.
British Canada ganed a large French population as a result of
- A.
France's loss of its Canadian colonies in the Seven Years' War
- B.
The flight of Canada of French Protestants in the eighteenth century
- C.
French citizens fleeing the Napoleonic wars
- D.
French fur traders being driven out of the United States
Correct Answer
A. France's loss of its Canadian colonies in the Seven Years' WarExplanation
The correct answer is France's loss of its Canadian colonies in the Seven Years' War. This event resulted in a large French population in British Canada because when France lost its Canadian colonies to Britain, many French settlers remained and became subjects of the British Empire. This led to the establishment of French-speaking communities in Canada, particularly in Quebec.Rate this question:
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- 4.
In Latin America, the road to a stable state was hindered by
- A.
An elite conspiracy against lower classes
- B.
The ignorance and apathy of the lower classes
- C.
Sharp divisions among the creole classes
- D.
The caudillos' reign of terror
Correct Answer
C. Sharp divisions among the creole classesExplanation
The correct answer is "sharp divisions among the creole classes". This suggests that the road to a stable state in Latin America was hindered by the divisions and conflicts among the creole classes. These divisions could have created instability and hindered the development of a unified and stable state.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The Mexican Revolution was fundamentally a conflict between
- A.
Conservative landowners and landless peasants
- B.
Mexican business interests and foreign investors
- C.
Supporters of Emiliano Zapata and supporters of Pancho Villa
- D.
Supporters of the Catholic church and anti-cleric revolutionaries
Correct Answer
A. Conservative landowners and landless peasantsExplanation
The Mexican Revolution was primarily a conflict between conservative landowners and landless peasants. The revolution was sparked by the widespread dissatisfaction among the rural population, who were largely peasants struggling with poverty and lack of land ownership. The conservative landowners controlled the majority of the land and resources in Mexico, while the landless peasants demanded land reforms and better living conditions. This led to a violent and prolonged struggle between the two groups, ultimately resulting in significant social and political changes in Mexico.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Economic development in Latin America was limited because
- A.
The market for manufactured goods was too small
- B.
Most goods were manufactured on self-sufficient haciendas
- C.
State control discouraged foreign investment
- D.
There were insufficient natural resources in Latin America
Correct Answer
A. The market for manufactured goods was too smallExplanation
The correct answer is that the market for manufactured goods was too small. This suggests that there was not enough demand for manufactured goods in Latin America, which limited economic development. Without a large market to sell their products to, businesses would have struggled to grow and expand. This could have hindered industrialization and modernization efforts in the region.Rate this question:
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- 7.
During the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz, Mexico achieved all of the following EXCEPT
- A.
Industrial expansion
- B.
Paved streets and electric lights in Mexico City
- C.
Improved public health and education
- D.
Significant foreign investment in the Mexican economy
Correct Answer
C. Improved public health and educationExplanation
During the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz, Mexico experienced significant industrial expansion, with paved streets and electric lights being introduced in Mexico City. Additionally, there was a significant amount of foreign investment in the Mexican economy. However, improved public health and education were not achieved during this time.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The Trail of Tears in 1838-1839 and the Battle of Wounded Knee in 1890 are significant because they
- A.
Demonstrate the technological superiority of United States troops over the indigenous peoples of North America
- B.
Typify the harsh treatment of native peoples at the hands of the U.S. government
- C.
Exemplify the determination of the American government to bring unity to North America and undermine any attempts at secession
- D.
Added large portions of land to the U.S. which had been controlled by foreign powers
Correct Answer
B. Typify the harsh treatment of native peoples at the hands of the U.S. governmentExplanation
The Trail of Tears in 1838-1839 and the Battle of Wounded Knee in 1890 are significant because they exemplify the harsh treatment of native peoples at the hands of the U.S. government. These events involved the forced removal of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands and the violent suppression of their resistance. The U.S. government's actions during these events demonstrate a pattern of mistreatment and disregard for the rights and well-being of indigenous peoples.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following events shifted the population ratio in Canada from predominately French to predominately British-speaking residents?
- A.
The British victory in the Seven Years' War
- B.
The American Revolutionary War
- C.
The British victory in the War of 1812
- D.
The American Civil War
Correct Answer
B. The American Revolutionary WarExplanation
The American Revolutionary War resulted in a significant shift in the population ratio in Canada from predominantly French to predominantly British-speaking residents. This is because during the war, many loyalists who were loyal to the British Crown fled the American colonies and settled in Canada. These loyalists were primarily English-speaking, which led to an increase in the British-speaking population in Canada.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What was the universal goal of the Latin American reform movements of the 19th century?
- A.
Universal manhood suffrage
- B.
Reduce the power of the Roman Catholic church
- C.
Undermine the power of the caudillos
- D.
Land distribution reform
Correct Answer
D. Land distribution reformExplanation
The Latin American reform movements of the 19th century aimed to address the issue of land distribution. This was a universal goal because the concentration of land ownership in the hands of a few wealthy elites was seen as a major source of inequality and social unrest in the region. By implementing land distribution reform, the reformers sought to redistribute land to the landless and promote a more equitable distribution of wealth and resources. This would not only address social and economic inequalities but also promote stability and development in Latin American societies.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What 19th century construction projects provided the greatest boom to economic unification in both the U.S. and Canada?
- A.
The building of massive dams and hydroelectric projects
- B.
The building of telephone and telegraph systems
- C.
The building of transcontinental railroads
- D.
The building of highways and bridges
Correct Answer
C. The building of transcontinental railroadsExplanation
The building of transcontinental railroads in the 19th century provided the greatest boom to economic unification in both the U.S. and Canada. These railroads connected previously isolated regions, allowing for the efficient transportation of goods and people across long distances. This facilitated trade and commerce between different parts of the countries, leading to economic growth and integration. The railroads also played a vital role in the development of industries and the expansion of markets, contributing to the overall economic unity of the two nations.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Asian migrants to Latin America in the mid-19th century were most likely to work
- A.
In the textile industries
- B.
In the railroad industries
- C.
On a tobacco or pineapple plantation
- D.
On a sugar or cotton plantation
Correct Answer
D. On a sugar or cotton plantationExplanation
Asian migrants to Latin America in the mid-19th century were most likely to work on a sugar or cotton plantation. This is because during this time, sugar and cotton were major cash crops in Latin America, and the demand for labor was high. These plantations required a large workforce for planting, cultivating, and harvesting the crops. Asian migrants, particularly from China and India, were recruited as indentured laborers to work on these plantations due to their availability and willingness to work for low wages. They played a significant role in the development of the sugar and cotton industries in Latin America during this period.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following pairs of political leaders used terror in their respective nations as a nation- building strategy?
- A.
Juan Manuel de Rosas and Maximillian Robespierre
- B.
Benito Juarez and Niccolo Machiavelli
- C.
Pancho Villa and Abraham Lincoln
- D.
Archduke Maximillian and Napoleon Bonaparte
Correct Answer
A. Juan Manuel de Rosas and Maximillian RobespierreExplanation
Juan Manuel de Rosas and Maximillian Robespierre used terror in their respective nations as a nation-building strategy.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following is NOT a parallel which exists between Canadian economic expansion in the 19th century and economic expansion in the U.S. in the same era?
- A.
Both were willing to sacrifice indigenous peoples and their cultures for the benefits of economic expansion
- B.
Both benefitted from initial British industrial investments to stimulate early economic growth
- C.
Both used government economic policy to encourage national stability and discourage separatist movements
- D.
Both relied on migrants to provide the cheap labor necessary for rapid industrialization
Correct Answer
C. Both used government economic policy to encourage national stability and discourage separatist movementsExplanation
Both used government economic policy to encourage national stability and discourage separatist movements.Rate this question:
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