Basic Nutrition Final

1. Soluble fiber found in whole-grain oats can help decrease the risk of heart disease.

True

False

2. Strength and endurance athletes may need as much as 1.2 - 1.7 grams of protein per kilograms of body weight (vs. the RDA of 0.8 g/kg per day)

True

False

3. Food preference is based solely on a person's genetic makeup.

True

False

4. The Daily Value, used on food labels, is based on a ________ calorie diet.

1500

1700

2000

2400

5. Which of the following is an unhealthy way of managing constipation?

Taking laxatives

Participating in regular physical activity

Drinking plenty of water

Having a high-fiber diet

6. People who lead active or athletic lifestyles generally require more water.

True

False

7. Babies should be given a bottle of milk or juice to take to bed with them

True

False

8. Pregnancy is divided into 2 trimesters

True

False

9. Iodine deficiency primarily affects which part of the body?

Sweat glands

Lymph nodes

Thyroid

Pancreas

10. What is the best way to determine if a dietary supplement is safe?

Try it and see what happens to your body.

Talk to the sales clerk to see if they recommend it.

Ask a friend who has taken the supplement whether they would recommend it.

Research the supplement through government agency websites or peer-reviewed scientific journals.

11. Food safety is a concern that is the responsibility of everyone in the entire food system.

True

False

12. Pscyhological factors play an important role in individuals as they age and may impact their nutritional decisisons.

True

False

13. Energy requirements do not change throughout the lifespan.

True

False

14. Because iron is so poorly absorbed, iron toxicity is not a problem.

True

False

15. Foodborne illness can be an infenction or an intoxication.

True

False

16. Intake of too much protein can increase the body's need for water.

True

False

17. Vitamins have been studied for many years and scientists still are discovering more about how they function in human nutrition.

True

False

18. Based on location, which of the following people is most likely to suffer from iodine deficiency?

A person living in coastal Florida

A person living in San Francisco

A person living in the mountains of Colorado

A person living in Boston

19. Which type of athlete is most likely to suffer from an eating disorder?

A dancer

A lacrosse player

A soccer player

A basketball player

20. The part of the brain first affected by alcohol is the frontal lobe, which involves reasoning and judgment.

True

False

21. Eating disorders that do not fit the the strict criteria for anorexia or bulimia are diagnosed as eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS).

True

False

22. Lipids or fats contain how many calories per gram?

2

4

7

9

23. By combining appropriate incomplete proteins one can obtain all of the necessary amino acids. These appropriate combinations are referred to as ________ proteins.

Mixed

Added

Complementary

Coordinating

24. Charlie wants to increase muscle mass, so he has started eating more calories and has increased his protein intake. What else should he do to increase muscle mass in a healthy way?

Drink a protein shake before going to bed

Decrease carbohydrate intake to a minimum

Cut out dietary fats

Practice a well-designed exercise program

25. Which of the following foods will likely have the shortest transit time through the body?

Fish

Steak

Watermelon

Cheese

26. Processed foods are the primary source of chloride in the diet

True

False

27. All of the following are B vitamins except

Cobalamine

Niacin

Ascorbic acid

Biotin

28. A woman who exercised before pregnancy can continue to exercise while still pregnant as long as the pregnancy is not high risk

True

False

29. In introducing infants to solid foods it is recommended that one food be introduced at a time, then waiting to introduce another

True

False

30. What is the condition called in which a person becomes preoccupied with the appearance of an aspect of their body?

EDNOS

Ugly duckling disorder

Plastic surgery disorder

Body dysmorphic disorder

31. Drug interactions and nutrients are only a concern in older individuals.

True

False

32. Bacteria, viruses, mold, and parasites are examples of pathogens.

True

False

33. It is not necessary to worry about drug interactions and herbal supplements and perscription medications.

True

False

34. The two major categories of malnutrition in the world are and .

Covert, overt

Anorexia nervosa, obesity

Intentional, unintentional

Undernutrition, overnutrition

35. Eating a meal before drinking will slow down the absorption of alcohol into the body.

True

False

36. The only way to contract a foodborne illness is from person-to-person contact

True

False

37. Type 2 diabetes is decreasing rapidly in the adolescent population.

True

False

38. Obesity is a form of malnutrition.

True

False

39. To be considered for the nutrient claim, low, a product must be 5% or less of the daily value.

True

False

40. What is the acceptable macronutrient distribution range for carbohydrates?

5-35 percent of total calories

10-35 percent of total calories

20-35 percent of total calories

45-65 percent of total calories

41. It is not necessary to eat carbohydrates daily because we store a large reserve in our liver and muscle.

True

False

42. Someone who is lactose intolerant produces too much of the enzyme lactase.

True

False

43. What type of fatty acids are most Americans lacking in their diets

Omega-6 fatty acids

Trans fat

Saturated fatty acids

Omega-3 fatty acids

44. Mild dehydration can reduce a person's metabolism and can affect athletic performance.

True

False

45. You eat a bag of salty chips without consuming any fluids. What will happen to the sodium you consume?

Excess sodium in the interstitial fluid will draw water out of the cells.

The excess sodium will not be absorbed from the GI tract.

Excess sodium will move into the body's cells.

The excess sodium will be stored in the liver for later use.

46. Infants who are breastfed do not need a shot of vitamin K at birth because breast milk is a rich source of the vitamin.

True

False

47. Teasing a person about body weight and size puts them at risk for an eating disorder.

True

False

48. How much alcohol is safe to consume during pregnancy?

Ten alcoholic beverages consumed throughout the duration of pregnancy is safe.

Alcohol can only be consumed during the first trimester.

One alcoholic beverage a day is safe.

Alcohol consumption is never considered safe during pregnancy

49. Chewing food is sometimes difficult for older adults and can result in less nutritious choices.

True

False

50. An undernourished mother poses no risk for for the infant such as higher risk of disease and death during childhood.

True

False

51. If you are looking for reliable nutrition information, which of the following is the best source?

Popular fitness and health magazines

Newspaper articles

Scientific journals

Dr Phil

52. Which type of food would likely contain the highest amount of calories per gram?

Fat-free yogurt

Sugar

Whole wheat flour

Butter

53. Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense?

Plain peanuts

A chocolate bar

Jelly beans

Sugar free gum

54. Cassava is a source of starchy carbohydrates often consumed by people living in Africa.

True

False

55. Which of the following is not typically a cause of heartburn?

Overeating

Being pregnant

Eating small frequent meals

Being overweight

56. Heartburn is caused by a decreased supply of oxygen to the heart.

True

False

57. Which of the following individuals has the highest iron requirement?

Heather, a 24-year-old pregnant woman

Ana, a 7-year-old girl

Raymond, a 22-year-old college student

Suzi, a 67-year-old woman

58. Alcohol content of a beverage is not influenced by it's production method.

True

False

59. Alcohol dependency is easily overcome.

True

False

60. The collection of birth abnormalities associated with alcohol consumption during pregnancy, is called:

Alcohol retardation.

Fetal alcohol syndrome.

Fetal diabetes

Gestational alcoholism.

61. An eating disorder that does not fall into the diagnosis of anorexia or bulimia is called:

Binge-purging syndrome

Borderline anorexia

Eating Disorders Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS)

Non-A Non-B type anorexia (NANBA)

62. Damage to liver tissue that is caused by excess alcohol consumption, is called:

Jaundice

Syndrome X

Cirrhosis

Sclerosis

63. Less energy (lower caloric requirements) means you need less nutrients and do not need to be concenred about the balance of those nutrients.

True

False

64. A double-blind study is a study in which:

Neither the subjects nor the researchers know which group is receiving the experimental treatment.

Preliminary data is gathered in order to determine the make-up of future experimental, or blind, groups.

There are two experimental groups but no control group.

The experimental group is not significantly different from the control group.

65. Low-birth-weight babies weigh less than ___________ at birth

5.5 lbs

7.5 lbs

9.2 lbs

10 lbs

66. There are two-major subtypes of bulimia are purging-type and nonpurging bulimia.

True

False

67. Teens who have high blood pressure are more likely to develop hypertension as adults.

True

False

68. Symptoms of riboflavin deficiency include cracks at the corners of the mouth and inflammation of the tongue.

True

False

69. Copper deficiency can cause a person to become anemic.

True

False

70. How does exercise help prevent heart disease?

It increases LDL cholesterol

It increases HDL cholesterol

It increases triglycerides

It increases total cholesterol

71. Food preference or food choices is the same across all regions of the United States.

True

False

72. There is little concern for how alcohol and depression/anxiety medications may interact.

True

False

73. Protein energy malnutrition does not exist in the United States.

True

False

74. Fats are emulsified by bile that is released into the

Small intestine

Stomach

Large intestine

Mouth

75. What color of fruits and vegetables contain the phytochemicals anthocyanins and phenolics?

White

Yellow

Blue/purple

Red

76. Bones are constantly breaking down and rebuilding.

True

False

77. Which of the following types of alcohol has the highest proof?

A light liquor that contains 45 percent alcohol

A wine that contains 20 percent alcohol

A dark liquor that contains 50 percent alcohol

A beer that contains 6 percent alcohol

78. What causes food-borne illnes?

Bacteria

Viruses

Parasites

All of the above

79. Fight BAC has four basic premises: cook, separate, chill, and clean.

True

False

80. Dietary fiber is primarily found in meats and dairy.

True

False

81. People who consume a very low-fat diet may also have a low intake of iron, zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin E.

True

False

82. Lecithin is a type of ________ used to combine water and oil.

Trans fat

Fatty acid

Emulsifier

Hydrogenation

83. Approximately how much water do adults need each day?

4-6 cups

12-15 cups

8-12 cups

4-5 liters

84. The DASH eating plan recommends eating foods that are high in which two nutrients?

Water and potassium

Calcium and potassium

Iron and sodium

Zinc and calcium

85. A good dietary strategy for a pregnant woman experiencing morning sickness would be to ___________

Eat only when she is hungry

Nibble on hard candy to keep her calorie count up

Eat a small amount of food several times per day

Reduce her water and fluid intake which may trigger vomiting

86. Athletes who test positive for banned supplements can lose priviliges to complete and titles that they have won.

True

False

87. Sugar alcohols contain 4 calories per gram and are digested in the same way as sugar.

True

False

88. All of the following foods contain an abundance of fructose except:

Root vegetables

Milk

Fruit

Honey

89. Which of the following areas does not contribute to increased weight gain during pregnancy?

Breast

Blood

Fat stores

Bones

90. Padma experiences recurrent episodes of binge eating without any purging behaviors. Which of the following disorders does she most likely have?

Anorexia nervosa

Bulimia nervosa

Pica

Binge-eating disorder

91. A food allergy differs from a food intolerance in that a food allergy:

An occur only in young children

Always results in difficulty breathing

Can be medically treated

Involves the production of antibodies

92. The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) includes all of the following except

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

Minimum Intake (MI)

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)

93. Which of the following health problems is associated with lack of mucus secretion in the stomach?

Heartburn

Ulcers

Constipation

Lactose intolerance

94. Dehydration can be a problem, but overhydration does not occur because the body gets rid of excess fluid.

True

False

95. Which of the following foods has the highest water content?

Tomatoes

Potatoes

Rice

Chicken

96. Phenylalanine, an essential amino acid, can be used to make the non-essential amino acid ________

Isoleucine

Proline

Leucine

Tyrosine

97. What nutrient is absorbed and transported in the lymphatic system?

Monosaccharides

Water

Amino acids

Trigylcerides

98. Which of the following hormones helps to balance calcium levels in the blood?

Parathyroid hormone

Insulin

Estrogen

Testosterone

99. What is cross-contamination?

When contaminated foods come in contact with each other

When you use a cutting board to cut raw meat and then to cut cut fruits or vegetables

When you use the same fork in cooked chicken as you did in the same chicken when it was raw

All of the above

100. What is the name of the government program designed to help supplement the nutritional needs of women and children under the age of 5 years?

School Lunch and Breakfast Programs

USDA Dietary Guidelines

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)

101. Valerie, who is fairly active, has a recommended total caloric intake for one day equal to 1600 calories. Valerie consumed exactly 1600 calories. If 60% of her calories for the day were carbohydrates, how many grams of carbohydrates did Valerie consume?

106

200

300

240

102. All of the following are a required part of the food label except:

The health benefits of the food

The name of the food

The manufacturer information

The Nutrition Fact Panel

103. Which concept of a healthy diet focuses on portion control?

Variety

Adequacy

Balance

Moderation

104. Carbohydrates are stored in the and the .

Blood, muscles

Brain, blood

Brain, liver

Muscles, liver

105. Phospholipids must be obtained through the diet.

True

False

106. Digestive enzymes are produced in all of the following locations except the

Stomach

Mouth

Small intestine

Esophagus

107. The DASH eating plan recommends eating foods that are high in which two nutrients?

Water and potassium

Calcium and potassium

Iron and sodium

Zinc and calcium

108. Which of the following would contain the least amount of saturated fat?

Ripe olives

Coconut oil

Red meat

Cheddar cheese

109. Phosphorus plays a major role in all of the following bodily functions except

The structure of bones and teeth

As part of usuable energy, ATP

Transportation of lipids

The sleep cycle

110. What is the primary role of selenium in the diet?

Involvement in antioxidant function

To aid in ATP production

Oxygen transport

Fluid balance

111. For optimal exercise performance, when is it most important to consume carbohydrates?

Before exercise

During exercise

After exercise

Before, during, and after exercise

112. Essential nutrients are defined as nutrients that:

Are required for metabolism

Are only needed in large quantities

Must be obtained through the diet

Are synthesized by the organism

113. Sugar intake in the Western diet provides approximately 25% of total calories.

True

False

114. Which of the following statements about cholesterol is not true?

Cholesterol is produced by the body in the liver.

Saturated fat and trans fat in the diet raise blood cholesterol more than dietary cholesterol.

Cholesterol helps produce important hormones in the body like testosterone.

Cholesterol is an essential nutrient

115. A primary function of fats and lipids is to provide building blocks for DNA.

True

False

116. How many hours can cooked food be left out before it must be refrigerated or frozen?

4

5

2

1

117. Carbohydrates are an inexpensive source of calories for people around the world.

True

False

118. All of the following are involved in the process of photosynthesis except:

Nitrogen

Water

Chlorophyll

Carbon dioxide

119. All of the following are disaccharides except:

Lactose

Maltose

Galactose

Sucrose

120. Which of the following snacks will likely make a person feel full for the longest period of time? (Think of the macronutrients present in the foods and how different macronutrients affect gastric emptying and satiety.)

1/4 cup of cooked carrots

1/2 cup of cooked white rice

1 apple

1/2 cup of almonds

121. Vitamin K is involved with the production of the protein ________, which is used to help form blood clots.

Epithelial

Lutein

Hemoglobin

Fibrin

122. Which of the following foods is not a good source of vitamin K?

Brussel sprouts

Soybeans

Beef

Spinach

123. Colustrum coats the baby's stomach and help protect the baby from pathogens and infections

True

False

124. All of the weight gained during pregnancy can be accounted for by the fetus and placenta

True

False

125. Which of the following is not a complication with babies born with a low birth weight?

Increased risk for infections

Lung problems

Imparied learning

Rapid growth

126. What should you do if a child expressed the desire to diet for weight loss?

Using government guides, redirect them by giving helpful tips for healthy eating and exercise, not dieting.

Ignore their comments or behavior. These feelings and concerns will pass in time.

Talk negatively about your own body to help them feel better about theirs.

Encourage them by giving them advice on the best practices for weight loss.

127. All of the following are macrominerals except

Iron

Calcium

Potassium

Magnesium

128. Which of the following foods is not a good source of protein for vegetarians?

Soy products

Nuts

Beans

Root vegetables

129. A monounsaturated fatty acid has

One double bond between a hydrogen and an oxygen atom

One double bond between a carbon and a hydrogen atom.

One double bond between a carbon and an oxygen atom

One double bond between two carbon atoms.

130. Sodium, potassium, and chloride are absorbed in greater amounts than other minerals.

True

False

131. Which of the following statements is true regarding osteomalacia?

It results from toxic levels of vitamin A in adults.

It results from a vitamin D deficiency in adults.

It results from toxic levels of vitamin A in children.

It results from a vitamin D deficiency in children.

132. Factors that enter the mother's blood do not enter the fetus because they are filtered by the placenta

True

False

133. A woman of child bearing age should consume at least __________ of folate per day

100 mcg

200 mcg

300 mcg

400 mcg

134. What fuel do you use the most during anaerobic exercise?

Carbohydrates

Fat

Protein

Vitamins and minerals

135. What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for fat?

45%-65%

30%-45%

10%-35%

20%-35%

136. The only type of fat substitute that has been produced is a carbohydrate-based substance.

True

False

137. Which of the following statements about dehydration is incorrect?

Mild dehydration can reduce metabolism as much as 3 percent.

Dehydration can only occur from exercising in hot, humid conditions.

Mental concentration is affected by mild dehydration.

Heat exhaustion can result from dehydration of 5 percent body weight.

138. Which of the following statements about eating disorders is true?

Feelings associated with eating disorders can begin in early childhood

People with eating disorders always obsessively monitor food intake and restrict calories.

It is easy to determine if a person has an eating disorder by looking at them.

Eating disorders that do not meet clear criteria do not need to be treated.

139. Mandi has experienced overeating and a lack of control over eating, followed by restrictive eating and intense exercise. What type of eating disorder does she most likely have?

Night-eating syndrome

Restricting anorexia nervosa

Nonpurging bulimia nervosa

Purging bulimia nervosa

140. Among the following factors that may influence what a child may eat, what is the most signifcant?

The serving size

The foods' appearance

The food's temperature

Seeing a parent or family member eat the food item

141. Which of the following is not a societal cause of undernutrition?

Anorexia

Civil war

Population

Inadequate road development

142. All of the following are true of Healthy People 2020 except:

It identifies the most significant preventable health threats

It was created by a collaborative effort of scientists, federal and state agencies, and public feedback

It is funded and managed through private organizations

It sets guidelines for health promotion programs

143. Putting together a healthy diet plan requires little planning.

True

False

144. In general, proteins can interact with fat and water.

True

False

145. The sickle cell gene persists in some populations because the sickle cell trait is protective against malaria.

True

False

146. The American College of Sports Medicine and the American Dietetic Association recommend that athletes need no more protein than the average person.

True

False

147. Extracellular water includes all of the following fluids except

Cerebral spinal fluid

Fluid in the joints

Fluid inside cell membranes

Water in the lymph system

148. The adult DRI for vitamin D increases with increasing age.

True

False

149. In terms of food safety, what is the best way to determine whether you have properly cooked a hamberger patty?

Check to see if it has reached an internal temperature of 150 degrees F

Check to see if it has reached an internal temperature of 160 degrees F

Make certain that it is not juicy inside.

Cook it just until the inside is pink.

150. For which group does the most care need to be taken to obtain complete proteins?

Body builders consuming a normal diet

Breastfeeding infants

Vegetarians who consume dairy

Vegans

151. Processed foods are the primary source of chloride in the diet.

True

False

152. People who smoke have a lower DRI for vitamin C.

True

False

153. Behaviors of dieting and negative body image are evident in elementary-aged children.

True

False

154. What is the ideal temperature for your freezer?

32 F

45 F

40 F

0 F

155. All of the following are warning signs of diabetes except:

Weight loss, irritability, and weakness

Extreme hunger or cravings for sweets

Increased energy or hyperactivity

Excess urination and intense thirst

156. A food could contain 4 calories in fat and still be labeled fat-free.

True

False

157. What is recommended for cleaning raw prodcue before eating it?

Wash in soap and water

Rinse well with water

Wash with a commercial produce cleaner

Soak it in water

158. Which of the following type of fatty acid is not normally found in the cell membrane?

Monounsaturated fatty acids

Trans fatty acids

Saturated fatty acids

Omega-3 and omega-6

159. Pregnant women tend to crave for non-food substances such as clay. This behavior is called _________

Binge eating disorder

Pica

Rock soil syndrome

Environmental poisoning

160. Which of the following statements about herbs and botanicals is false?

Herbs and botanical supplements are primarily made from plants.

Herbs and botanical supplements are safe to use because they are natural

Herbs and botanicals can provide benefits to health and well-being.

Herbs and botanicals contain powerful compounds that can affect body functions.

161. What is the average weight gain during pregnancy for a normal weight woman?50 - 6- lbs

10 - 15 lbs

25 - 35 lbs

35 - 45 lbs

50 - 60 lbs

162. The % Daily Value helps consumers:

Understand how much food they need each day

Determine if a food is a high or low source of a particular nutrient

Understand that they need only 2000 calories a day

Determine the amount of physical activity they need each day

163. The Dietary Reference Intakes are designed to do all of the following except:

Prevent the onset of chronic disease

Treat chronic disease

Set limits for over consumption of nutrients

Prevent deficiency diseases

164. ________ is a protein that is important in maintaining fluid balance between the blood and the cells.

Insulin

Hemoglobin

Albumin

IgG

165. Carlos wants to lower his blood cholesterol level. What type of food should he consume?

Tropical oils, coconut oil and palm oil

Fatty fish

Butter

Whole milk

166. All of the following are true of hormones except:

Hormones act as messengers

Hormones protect the body from invaders

Hormones can be made from proteins.

Hormones can be made from lipids

167. The American College of Sports Medicine and the American Dietetic Association recommend that athletes need no more protein than the average person.

Trans fatty acids decrease LDL cholesterol.

Trans fatty acids increase HDL cholesterol.

Trans fatty acids have the same effect on blood cholesterol as do saturated fatty acids

Trans fatty acids decrease HDL cholesterol

168. Which of the following sequences is in the correct order for the digestive system?

Esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine

Mouth, esophagus, small intestine, stomach

Esophagus, small intestine, large intestine, rectum

Stomach, large intestine, small intestine, rectum

169. Which of the following functions does not occur in the small intestine?

Chemical digestion of proteins

Preparation of indigestible wastes

Primary site of absorption of nutrients

Chemical digestion of carbohydrates

170. What organ absorbs water and sodium and prepares waste for removal from the body?

Small intestine

Large intestine

Bladder

Gall bladder

171. Hyponatremia is a medical condition that can develop if blood levels of ________ are depleted.

Potassium

Water

Iron

Sodium

172. The body is able to produce vitamin D from sunlight exposure through windows.

True

False

173. Which of the following individuals is most likely to be deficient in vitamin E?

An overweight adult

An endurance athlete

A premature infant

A vegan

174. Moderate drinking as defined by the USDA Dietary Guidelines is considered:

One drink for women and two drinks for men per day

Two drinks for women and three drinks for men per day

Three drinks for women and four drinks for men per day

The USDA does not have guidelines for alcohol consumption

175. Which of the following people will most likely see the lowest blood alcohol level increase after consuming two alcoholic drinks?

Renee, a 165 lb. basketball player who had a small salad for dinner.

Alaina, a 110 lb. competitive gymnast who has not eaten all day.

Matt, a 220 lb. football player who has just consumed a fast-food meal

Calum, a 145 lb. soccer player who had a two-hour practice and a pasta dinner.

176. The continuum that extends from frequent dieting to the clinical diagnosis of an eating disorder is referred to as ________?

Anorexia nervosa

Disordered eating

Bulimia nervosa

Pica

177. What is the ideal temperature for your referigerator?

32 F

45 F

40 F

0 f

178. Consuming foods with a low glycemic index prevents weight gain and diabetes.

True

False

179. Orange pigment in plant foods is converted into which of the following vitamins?

Vitamin c

Vitamin d

Beta carptene

Vitamin a

180. All of the following are complications associated with zinc deficiency except

Hemochromatosis

Dwarfism in young males

Deformed bones

Poor sexual development

181. During exercise periods that last longer than one hour all of the following will be depleted except

Electrolytes

Water

Carbohydrates

Fats

182. Food cravings during pregnancy are associated with the body's needs for specific nutrients

True

False

183. Which government agency does not regulate the production of genetically modified foods?

Food and Drug Administration

United States Department of Agriculture

Federal Trade Commission

Environmental Protection Agency

184. An amino acid that is present in an insufficient amount is referred to as

The limiting amino acid

The rate-setting amino acid

Non-essential

The negative balance

185. Bile is produced in the gallbladder.

True

False

186. Which of the following nutrients has been shown to lower blood pressure in people with hypertension?

Zinc

Iron

Water

Calcium

187. What percentage is closest to the proportion of adolescents in the United States who are overweight and/or obese today?

4-5%

10%

15-18%

30%

188. Which of the following statements about copper is false?

It helps to store iron

It acts as an antioxidant

It helps maintian fluid balance

It helps with energy production

189. Phytochemicals are essential nutrients that protect body cells.

True

False

190. Which of the following types of bottled water contains the same amount of dissolved carbon dioxide as was present at the source it came from?

Hard water

Mineral water

Soft drinks

Sparkling water

191. How much water should a person consume 2 to 3 hours before exercise?

5 to 6 cups

1 1/2 to 2 1/2 cups

7 to 8 cups

3 1/2 to 4 1/2 cups

192. As the duration of exercise increases, you rely more on what fuel?

Carbs

Fats

Protein

All fuels are relied on equally

193. An inborn error of metabolism occurs when there is a genetic problem with

The immune system

An enzyme

An antibody

Maintaining normal pH

194. Why is it recommended that people on a high-protein, low-calorie diet increase their water intake?

To help store excess protein in muscle tissue

To help reduce the buildup of fat in the body

To regulate high body temperature associated with protein metabolism

To help eliminate excess nitrogen and ketone bodies from the kidneys

195. Magnesium is the second most abundant mineral in the body

True

False

196. A health condition in older adults that may be linked to an inadequate intake of carotenoids from plants is:

Cataracts

Rheumatoid arthritis

Age-related macular degeneration

Sarcopenia

197. During low-intensity exercise, you are most likely to rely on which energy system?

ATP-PC

Anaerobic

Aerobic

Carbohydrates

198. What is considered a 1-ounce equivalent of grain?

Two slices of bread

1 ½ cups of ready-to-eat breakfast cereal

1 cup of cooked rice

½ cup of cooked pasta

199. What substance in whole grains and cereals can bind with minerals and render them unusable by the body's cells?

Starch

Bran

Phytate

Protein

200. Of the following calcium supplements, which has the highest percent absorption?

Calcium carbonate

Calcium lactate

Calcium acetate

Calcium citrate malate

Basic Nutrition Final

1. Soluble fiber found in whole-grain oats can help decrease the risk of heart disease.

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. Strength and endurance athletes may need as much as 1.2 - 1.7 grams of protein per kilograms of body weight (vs. the RDA of 0.8 g/kg per day)

3. Food preference is based solely on a person's genetic makeup.

4. The Daily Value, used on food labels, is based on a ________ calorie diet.

5. Which of the following is an unhealthy way of managing constipation?

6. People who lead active or athletic lifestyles generally require more water.

7. Babies should be given a bottle of milk or juice to take to bed with them

8. Pregnancy is divided into 2 trimesters

9. Iodine deficiency primarily affects which part of the body?

10. What is the best way to determine if a dietary supplement is safe?

11. Food safety is a concern that is the responsibility of everyone in the entire food system.

12. Pscyhological factors play an important role in individuals as they age and may impact their nutritional decisisons.

13. Energy requirements do not change throughout the lifespan.

14. Because iron is so poorly absorbed, iron toxicity is not a problem.

15. Foodborne illness can be an infenction or an intoxication.

16. Intake of too much protein can increase the body's need for water.

17. Vitamins have been studied for many years and scientists still are discovering more about how they function in human nutrition.

18. Based on location, which of the following people is most likely to suffer from iodine deficiency?

19. Which type of athlete is most likely to suffer from an eating disorder?

20. The part of the brain first affected by alcohol is the frontal lobe, which involves reasoning and judgment.

21. Eating disorders that do not fit the the strict criteria for anorexia or bulimia are diagnosed as eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS).

22. Lipids or fats contain how many calories per gram?

23. By combining appropriate incomplete proteins one can obtain all of the necessary amino acids. These appropriate combinations are referred to as ________ proteins.

24. Charlie wants to increase muscle mass, so he has started eating more calories and has increased his protein intake. What else should he do to increase muscle mass in a healthy way?

25. Which of the following foods will likely have the shortest transit time through the body?

26. Processed foods are the primary source of chloride in the diet

27. All of the following are B vitamins except

28. A woman who exercised before pregnancy can continue to exercise while still pregnant as long as the pregnancy is not high risk

29. In introducing infants to solid foods it is recommended that one food be introduced at a time, then waiting to introduce another

30. What is the condition called in which a person becomes preoccupied with the appearance of an aspect of their body?

31. Drug interactions and nutrients are only a concern in older individuals.

32. Bacteria, viruses, mold, and parasites are examples of pathogens.

33. It is not necessary to worry about drug interactions and herbal supplements and perscription medications.

34. The two major categories of malnutrition in the world are ________ and ________.

35. Eating a meal before drinking will slow down the absorption of alcohol into the body.

36. The only way to contract a foodborne illness is from person-to-person contact

37. Type 2 diabetes is decreasing rapidly in the adolescent population.

38. Obesity is a form of malnutrition.

39. To be considered for the nutrient claim, low, a product must be 5% or less of the daily value.

40. What is the acceptable macronutrient distribution range for carbohydrates?

41. It is not necessary to eat carbohydrates daily because we store a large reserve in our liver and muscle.

42. Someone who is lactose intolerant produces too much of the enzyme lactase.

43. What type of fatty acids are most Americans lacking in their diets

44. Mild dehydration can reduce a person's metabolism and can affect athletic performance.

45. You eat a bag of salty chips without consuming any fluids. What will happen to the sodium you consume?

46. Infants who are breastfed do not need a shot of vitamin K at birth because breast milk is a rich source of the vitamin.

47. Teasing a person about body weight and size puts them at risk for an eating disorder.

48. How much alcohol is safe to consume during pregnancy?

49. Chewing food is sometimes difficult for older adults and can result in less nutritious choices.

50. An undernourished mother poses no risk for for the infant such as higher risk of disease and death during childhood.

51. If you are looking for reliable nutrition information, which of the following is the best source?

52. Which type of food would likely contain the highest amount of calories per gram?

53. Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense?

54. Cassava is a source of starchy carbohydrates often consumed by people living in Africa.

55. Which of the following is not typically a cause of heartburn?

56. Heartburn is caused by a decreased supply of oxygen to the heart.

57. Which of the following individuals has the highest iron requirement?

58. Alcohol content of a beverage is not influenced by it's production method.

59. Alcohol dependency is easily overcome.

60. The collection of birth abnormalities associated with alcohol consumption during pregnancy, is called:

61. An eating disorder that does not fall into the diagnosis of anorexia or bulimia is called:

62. Damage to liver tissue that is caused by excess alcohol consumption, is called:

63. Less energy (lower caloric requirements) means you need less nutrients and do not need to be concenred about the balance of those nutrients.

64. A double-blind study is a study in which:

65. Low-birth-weight babies weigh less than ___________ at birth

66. There are two-major subtypes of bulimia are purging-type and nonpurging bulimia.

67. Teens who have high blood pressure are more likely to develop hypertension as adults.

68. Symptoms of riboflavin deficiency include cracks at the corners of the mouth and inflammation of the tongue.

69. Copper deficiency can cause a person to become anemic.

70. How does exercise help prevent heart disease?

71. Food preference or food choices is the same across all regions of the United States.

72. There is little concern for how alcohol and depression/anxiety medications may interact.

73. Protein energy malnutrition does not exist in the United States.

74. Fats are emulsified by bile that is released into the

75. What color of fruits and vegetables contain the phytochemicals anthocyanins and phenolics?

76. Bones are constantly breaking down and rebuilding.

77. Which of the following types of alcohol has the highest proof?

34. The two major categories of malnutrition in the world are and .

104. Carbohydrates are stored in the and the .