Arterial Supply And Venous Drainage

The statement is true because the veins of the face typically have the same names as the arteries that run alongside them. This is a common pattern in the human body, where veins and arteries often have similar names and travel together in pairs. This consistency in naming helps in identifying and understanding the circulatory system of the face and facilitates effective communication among medical professionals.

internal and external

supplies the brain and eyes

opposite

The infraorbital artery is indeed the most anterior branch of the maxillary artery. This artery supplies blood to the structures in the region of the infraorbital canal, including the lower eyelid, side of the nose, and upper lip. It is an important artery in the face and plays a crucial role in maintaining blood supply to these structures.

The correct answer is "they all do" because all of the listed arteries - lingual, maxillary, palatal, and mental - supply blood to the oral cavity. Each artery has a specific region within the oral cavity that it supplies blood to, ensuring that all areas receive a sufficient blood supply for proper functioning.

The statement is true because both the mylohyoid artery and the mental artery are indeed branches of the inferior alveolar artery. The inferior alveolar artery is a branch of the maxillary artery, and it supplies blood to the lower teeth, chin, and lower lip. The mylohyoid artery supplies blood to the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle, while the mental artery supplies blood to the chin and lower lip. Therefore, both arteries originate from the same source, making the statement true.

After blood travels through the pulmonary veins, it goes to the left atrium. The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart. The left atrium is one of the four chambers of the heart and receives oxygen-rich blood from the pulmonary veins. From the left atrium, the blood will then pass through the mitral valve and enter the left ventricle before being pumped out to the rest of the body through the aorta.

The internal jugular vein does not have any branches listed in the options provided. The internal jugular vein is a major vein that drains blood from the brain, face, and neck and usually does not have any direct branches. Instead, it receives blood from various veins in the head and neck region and then drains into the brachiocephalic vein. Therefore, none of the options listed are branches of the internal jugular vein.

occipital artery

The correct answer is maxillary because it is the main artery that supplies blood to the muscles of mastication. The maxillary artery is a branch of the external carotid artery and it gives off several branches that supply blood to the muscles involved in chewing, such as the masseter, temporalis, and medial pterygoid muscles. The mental, facial, lingual, and superficial temporal arteries do not directly supply blood to the muscles of mastication.

If the posterior retromandibular vein is absent on one side, it means that the blood flow from that side of the face will be altered. The posterior retromandibular vein normally drains into the external jugular vein, so if it is absent, the external jugular vein will be smaller than normal. The blood that would have normally drained into the posterior retromandibular vein will now enter the common facial vein, so all blood from the maxillary will enter the common facial vein. Additionally, the internal jugular vein is not directly affected by the absence of the posterior retromandibular vein, so it will not be larger than normal. Therefore, the correct statement is "all of the above".

common facial vein

The lingual artery is the 2nd anterior branch off the external carotid artery.

The correct answer is the posterior superior artery. This artery supplies blood to the maxillary molars. The other options listed (pterygopalatine, maxillary, infraorbital) are not specifically associated with supplying blood to the maxillary molars.

The pterygoid plexus of veins may be injured in anesthesia of the posterior superior alveolar nerve. This is because the pterygoid plexus of veins is located in close proximity to the posterior superior alveolar nerve, which supplies sensation to the upper molars and surrounding structures. During anesthesia, if there is accidental trauma or needle penetration, it may result in injury to the pterygoid plexus of veins, leading to bleeding or hematoma formation.

Based on the given information, the patient's symptoms of a large purplish bruise and swelling under her eye and along her cheekbone area suggest that the lesion is the result of an assault. This is because there is no mention of any accidental injury or any other possible causes for the bruise and swelling.