A&p Chapter 6 Self Quiz - The Skeletal System: Bone Tissue

2.

The formation of bone from cartilage is known as endochondral ossification.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Endochondral ossification is a process in which bone is formed from cartilage. During this process, cartilage gradually transforms into bone through the deposition of minerals and the replacement of cartilage cells with bone cells. This process is responsible for the formation of most bones in the body, including long bones. Therefore, the statement that the formation of bone from cartilage is known as endochondral ossification is true.

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1

3.

A primary effect of weight-bearing exercise on bones is to

Provide oxygen for bone development.
Increase the demineralization of bone.
Maintain and increase bone mass.
Stimulate the release of sex hormones for bone growth.
Utilize the stored triglycerides from the yellow bone marrow.

Correct Answer

A. Maintain and increase bone mass.

Explanation

Weight-bearing exercise, such as walking or weightlifting, puts stress on the bones, which stimulates the bone cells to become more active. This increased activity leads to the formation of new bone tissue, helping to maintain and increase bone mass. Weight-bearing exercise also helps to strengthen the muscles around the bones, providing additional support and protection. Therefore, the primary effect of weight-bearing exercise on bones is to maintain and increase bone mass.

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4.

The growth of bone is controlled primarily by hormones.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Bone growth is primarily regulated by hormones. Hormones such as growth hormone and sex hormones play a crucial role in stimulating bone growth and development. Growth hormone, secreted by the pituitary gland, promotes the division and multiplication of bone cells. Sex hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone, are responsible for the growth spurt during puberty and the closure of growth plates. These hormones stimulate the production of bone cells and regulate the balance between bone formation and resorption. Therefore, it is correct to say that the growth of bone is controlled primarily by hormones.

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5.

Spongy bone differs from compact bone because spongy bone

Is composed of numerous osteons (haversian systems)
Is found primarily in the diaphyses of long bones, and compact bone is found primarily in the epiphyses of long bones.
Contains osteons all aligned in the same direction along lines of stress.
Does not contain osteocytes containd in lacunae.
Is composed of trabeculae that are oriented along lines of stress.

Correct Answer

A. Is composed of trabeculae that are oriented along lines of stress.

Explanation

Spongy bone differs from compact bone because it is composed of trabeculae that are oriented along lines of stress. Trabeculae are small, needle-like pieces of bone that form a network within spongy bone. This arrangement provides strength and support to the bone, especially in areas where forces are applied. In contrast, compact bone is composed of osteons, which are cylindrical structures that are aligned in the same direction along lines of stress. This arrangement allows compact bone to withstand compressive forces.

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6.

Bone growth in length is called growth, and bone growth in diameter is called growth.

Correct Answer
interstitial, appositional

Explanation
Bone growth in length is called interstitial growth, which occurs at the epiphyseal plates located at the ends of long bones. These plates are made up of cartilage cells that divide and mature, causing the bone to lengthen. On the other hand, bone growth in diameter is called appositional growth. This type of growth occurs on the outer surface of the bone, where new bone tissue is added by osteoblasts, while osteoclasts remove old bone tissue from the inner surface. Together, these two types of growth allow bones to increase in both length and diameter.

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2

7.

Place in order the steps involved in the repair of a bone fracture. 1. osteoblast production of trabeculae and bony callus formation 2. formation of a hematoma at the site of fracture 3. resorption of remaining bone fragments and remodeling of bone 4. migration of fibroblasts to the fracture site 5. bridging of broken ends of bones by a fibrocarilaginous callus.

2, 4, 5, 1, 3
2, 5, 4, 1, 3
1, 2, 5, 4, 3
2, 5, 1, 3, 4
5, 2, 4, 1, 3

Correct Answer

A. 2, 4, 5, 1, 3

Explanation

The correct order of steps involved in the repair of a bone fracture is as follows:
1. Formation of a hematoma at the site of fracture (2)
2. Migration of fibroblasts to the fracture site (4)
3. Bridging of broken ends of bones by a fibrocarilaginous callus (5)
4. Osteoblast production of trabeculae and bony callus formation (1)
5. Resorption of remaining bone fragments and remodeling of bone (3)

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8.

The crystallized inorganic mineral salts in bone contribute to bone's , while the collagen fibers and other organic molecules provide bone with .

Correct Answer
hardness, tensile strength

Explanation
The crystallized inorganic mineral salts in bone contribute to bone's hardness, while the collagen fibers and other organic molecules provide bone with tensile strength. This means that the mineral salts give bone its ability to resist compression and withstand forces, making it hard. On the other hand, the collagen fibers and organic molecules give bone its ability to resist stretching and bending, making it strong and able to withstand tension.

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9.

Place in order the steps involved in endochondral ossification. 1. Nutrient artery invades the perichondruim 2. Osteoclasts create a marrow cavity 3. Chondrocytes enlarge and calcify 4. Secondary ossification centers appear at epiphyses 5. Osteoblasts become active in the primary ossification center.

3, 1, 5, 2, 4
3, 1, 5, 4, 2
1, 3, 5, 2, 4
1, 2, 3, 5, 4
2, 5, 4, 3, 1

Correct Answer

A. 3, 1, 5, 2, 4

10.

Place in order the steps involved in intramembranous ossification. 1. Bony matrices fuse to form trabeculae 2. Clusters of osteoblasts form a center of ossification that secretes the organic extracellular matrix. 3. Spongy bone is replaced with compact bone on the bone's surface. 4. Periosteum develops on the bone's periphery. 5. The extracellular matrix hardens by deposition of calcium and mineral salts.

2, 4, 5, 1, 3
4, 3, 5, 1, 2
1, 2, 5, 4, 3
2, 5, 1, 4, 3
5, 1, 3, 4, 2

Correct Answer

A. 5, 1, 3, 4, 2

A&p Chapter 6 Self Quiz - The Skeletal System: Bone Tissue

Bone resorption involves increased activity of osteoclasts.

Quiz Preview

The formation of bone from cartilage is known as endochondral ossification.

A primary effect of weight-bearing exercise on bones is to

The growth of bone is controlled primarily by hormones.

Spongy bone differs from compact bone because spongy bone

Bone growth in length is called growth, and bone growth in diameter is called growth.

The crystallized inorganic mineral salts in bone contribute to bone's , while the collagen fibers and other organic molecules provide bone with .